Fermentasi Asam Asetat dengan Sel Amobil Acetobacter pasteurianus INT-7 dengan Variasi Ph Awal dan Kadar Etanol
Sri Luwihana(1*), Kapti Rahayu Kuswanto(2), Endang Sutriswati Rahayu(3), Slamet Sudarmadji(4)
(1) Fakultas Agroindustri, Universitas Mercu Buana, Jl. Wates, Yogyakarta
(2) Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Yogyakarta 55281
(3) Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Yogyakarta 55281
(4) Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The objective of this study was the optimation condition of acetic acid fermentation by Acetobacter pasteurianus INT-7 immobilized cells. In this study cells immobilized with initiate cell numbers 107 CFU/mL and in 3 % alginate solution, ratio of cells number and alginate was 1:3 (v/v) and immobilized cells were conditioned in PGY growth medium supplemented with 2 % ethanol on shaker incubator 150 rpm 30 oC for 1 day and then washed twice with sterile aquad- est. Fermentation was done in YEPM (Yeast extract pepton malt) on variation of initial pH (5,5; 6,0 and 6,5) and ethanol concentration (5,0; 7,5 and 10 % w/v) on shaker incubator 150 rpm, 30 oC for 10 days long. The acetic acid production and the cell numbers were monitoring for 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10 days fermentation. The result showed that the optimum condition for acetic acid production by immobilized cells of A. pasteurianus INT-7 were initial pH 6,0; ethanol concentration 7,5 % w/v for 7 days fermentation. The immobilization cells could be increase the resistency of ethanol and prolong to achieve of the optimal fermentation time. The acetic acid production of the fermentation by immobilized cell was 35,81 g/L and 16,29 g/L by free cell, the theoritical efficiency of immobilized cell and free cell were (36,73 %) and (16,17 %) respectively.
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan kondisi optimum fermentasi dengan sel amobil dan hasilnya dibandingkan dengan sel bebas. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pembuatan sel amobil dengan jumlah sel awal 107 CFU/mL, larutan alginat 3 %, ratio jumlah sel dan alginat 1:3 (v/v) dan pengkondisian sel amobil pada media pertumbuhan PGY-2 % etanol (pepton glucose yeast extract) pada inkubator goyang 150 rpm, 30 oC selama 1 hari. Sel amobil yang sudah dikondisikan dicuci 2 kali dengan akuades steril dan siap digunakan untuk fermentasi menggunakan media YEPM (yeast extract pepton malt) dengan variasi pH awal (5,5;6,0 dan 6,5), kadar etanol (5,0; 7,5 dan 10 % b/v) dan waktu fermentasi pada inkubator goyang 150 rpm, 30 oC selama 10 hari. Pengukuran produksi asam asetat dan jumlah sel dilakukan pada hari 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 dan 10 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum fermentasi dengan sel amobil adalah pH awal media 6,0; kadar etanol 7,5 % suhu 30 oC selama 7 hari. Penggunaan sel amobil dalam fermentasi asam asetat dapat meningkatkan resistensi etanol dan waktu optimum fermentasi dicapai lebih lama. Fermentasi dengan sel amobil Acetobacter pasteurianus INT-7 pada kondisi optimum menghasilkan asam asetat sebesar 35,81 g/L dan 16,29 g/L pada fermentasi dengan sel bebas. Efisiensi fermentasi dengan sel amobil (36,73 %) lebih besar daripada sel bebas (16,17 %).
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9683
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Copyright (c) 2012 Sri Luwihana, Kapti Rahayu Kuswanto, Endang Sutriswati Rahayu, Slamet Sudarmadji
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agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.