Model Kinetika Degradasi Capsaicin Cabai Merah Giling pada Berbagai Kondisi Suhu Penyimpanan
Dharia Renate(1*), Filli Pratama(2), Kiki Yuliati(3), Gatot Priyanto(4)
(1) Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Jambi, Jl. Raya Jambi - Muara Bulian Km. 15 Mendalo Darat, Jambi 36361
(2) Program Pasca Sarjana, Fakutas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Padang Selassa No. 524, Bukit Besar Palembang 30139
(3) Program Pasca Sarjana, Fakutas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Padang Selassa No. 524, Bukit Besar Palembang 30139
(4) Program Pasca Sarjana, Fakutas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Padang Selassa No. 524, Bukit Besar Palembang 30139
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The objective of this research was to asses relationship between temperature and storage time of capsaicin degradation of red chilli paste and to measure activation energy and shelf life using the Arrhenius model. The treatmens were storage temperature (20°C, 30°C, 40°C) and storage times (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 weeks). Parameters analyzed were capsaicin content using HPLC method, pH, and particle size. The data was analyzed using linier regression and Arrhenius equation The results showed that temperature condition and storage time affected capsaicin degradation of red chilli paste, unlike pH and particle size. The longer storage time the lower capsaicin content. The capsaicin content of red chilli paste stored at 30°C and 40°C in week-4 was 746,36 μg/g and 714,19 μg/g respectively, and it declined to 149,31 μg/g and 136,77 μg/g after being stored for ten weeks. Research concluded that red chilli paste stored for 10 weeks at 20°C caused the lowest capsaicin degradation from 916.8029 μg/g to 683.8097 μg/g. Degradation rate of capsaicin followed the first order reaction. Arrhenius equation for capsaicin was Y= -9356.3x + 27.836, (R=0.76), and activation energy was 18.581 kcal/mol. Shelf life determination of capsaicin followed kinetic reaction equation of the fi rst order i.e t = ln(Ao-At)/k. The self life of red chilli paste stored at 20°C, 30°C and 40°C were 10.62 weeks, 8.62 weeks and 8.45 weeks respectively.
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji hubungan suhu dan lama penyimpanan terhadap degradasi capsaicin cabai merah giling serta menghitung energi aktivasi dan waktu simpan dengan pendekatan model persamaan Arrhenius. Perlakuan terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu suhu penyimpanan (20°C, 30°C, dan 40°C) serta lama penyimpanan (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 dan 10 minggu). Metode analisis untuk kadar capsaicin menggunakan HPLC. Analisis pendukung yaitu pH dan ukuran partikel. Data disajikan dengan grafi k persamaan regresi linier dan persamaan Arrhenius. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi suhu dan lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap degradasi capsaicin cabai merah giling, namun, pH dan ukuran partikel tidak berpengaruh secara signifi kan. Semakin lama penyimpanan maka kandungan capsaicin semakin menurun. Kadar capsaicin cabai giling yang disimpan pada suhu 30°C dan 40°C pada minggu ke-empat masing masing sebesar 746,36 μg/g dan 714,19 μg/g menurun perlahan sampai pada minggu ke-10 menjadi 149,31 μg/g dan 136,77 μg/g. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa kadar capsaicin cabai giling yang disimpan pada suhu 20°C selama 10 minggu merupakan degradasi terendah dari 916,80 μg/g menjadi 683,81 μg/g. Laju degradasi capsaicin mengikuti orde satu. Persamaan Arrhenius untuk Capsaicin adalah Y= 27,836-9356,3x (R=0,76) dan energi aktivasi sebesar 18581,65 kal/mol. Penentuan umur simpan capsaicin mengikuti persamaan kinetika reaksi orde satu yaitu t =ln(Ao-At)/k, maka umur simpan capsaicin cabai merah giling yang disimpan pada suhu 20°C, 30°C dan 40°C berturutturut sebesar 10,64 minggu; 8,62 minggu dan 8,45 minggu.
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9462
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agriTECH (print ISSN 0216-0455; online ISSN 2527-3825) is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies.