Issue

Vol 16 No 1 (2022): Maret

Date Log

Submitted
May 4, 2021
Accepted
Jan 21, 2022
Published
Mar 8, 2022
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The Effect of Tapioca Starch Adding on the Characteristics of Wood Pellets from Teak Branch Waste

https://doi.org/10.22146/jik.v16i1.1807
Santiyo Wibowo
santiyowibowo1973@yahoo.co.id
Pusat Standardisasi Instrumen Pengelolaan Hutan Berkelanjutan Bogor
Gustan Pari
Pusat Standardisasi Instrumen Pengelolaan Hutan Berkelanjutan Bogor

Corresponding Author(s) : Santiyo Wibowo

santiyowibowo1973@yahoo.co.id

Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan, Vol 16 No 1 (2022): Maret

Abstract

In the cultivation of teak plus Perhutani (JPP) plantations, there is a thinning cycle of plants at a certain age to produce optimal plant growth for other teak trees. The wood waste from thinning in the form of tree tips and branches/twigs is commonly only used as firewood. One of the efforts to diversify the use of thinned JPP wood is processing it into wood pellets. The raw material used is ten years old thinning teak from Perhutani KPH Pemalang, Central Java. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of adding tapioca flour on the quality of wood pellets from teak branch waste. In this study, the manufacture of pellets was carried out with treatments without the addition of tapioca and the addition of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% w/w of tapioca adhesive. The results showed that the waste of teak branch can be used as raw material for wood pellets, with the characteristics of the water content 6.51-6.97%, volatile matter 76.01-77.37%, ash content 1.37-1.67%, fixed carbon 14.74-15.49%, density 1.14-1.31 g/cm3 and heat value 4192-4319.67 cal/g. The results showed that all parameters met SNI 8021-2014, except for the ash content in the control and 2.5% tapioca treatment.

Keywords

pellets teak waste thinning tapioca
Wibowo, S., & Pari, G. (2022). The Effect of Tapioca Starch Adding on the Characteristics of Wood Pellets from Teak Branch Waste. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan, 16(1), 50-63. https://doi.org/10.22146/jik.v16i1.1807
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. Ahn BJ, Chang H, Soo Min Lee DHC, Cho ST, Han G, Yang I. 2014. Effect of binders on the durability of wood pellets fabricated from Larix kaemferi C . and Liriodendron tulipifera L. sawdust. Renewable Energy 62:18–23. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2013.06.038.
  2. Ajimotokan HA, Ehindero AO, Ajao KS, Adeleke AA, Ikubanni PP. 2019. Combustion characteristics of fuel briquettes made from charcoal particles and sawdust agglomerates. Scientific African 6:1–9. doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00202.
  3. Anizar H, Sribudiani E, Somadona S. 2020. Pengaruh bahan perekat tapioka dan sagu terhadap kualitas briket arang kulit buah nipah. Perennial 16(1):11–17.
  4. Arifin Z, Dtudi P, Mesin T, Teknik F, Merdeka U. 2018. Pengaruh perekat pembuatan briket limbah kayu sengon terhadap kerapatan , kadar air dan nilai kalor. Hlm. 555–560. Di dalam: Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi Terapan VI Pendekatan multidisiplin menuju Teknologi dan industri yang Berkelanjutan. Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya. 29 September 2018, Surabaya.
  5. Basri E, Wahyudi I. 2013. Wood basic properties of jati plus perhutani from different Ages and Their Relationships to Drying Properties and Qualities. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 31(2):93–102.
  6. Belonio AT. 2005. Rice Husk Gas Stove Handbook. Central Philippine University, Iloilo, Philippine.
  7. Caillat S, Vakkilainen E. 2013. Large-scale biomass combustion plants: An overview. Hlm 189-221 dalam Lase Rosendahl, editor. Biomass Combustion Science, Technology and Engineering Woodhead Publishing. Philadelphia.
  8. Cainenga Z, Qun Z, Guosheng Z, Bob X. 2016. Energy revolution: From a fossil energy era to a new energy era. Natural Gas Industry B. 3(1):1–11. doi:10.1016/j.ngib.2016.02.001.
  9. Chisté RC, Cardoso JM, Silva DA da, Pena R da S. 2015. Hygroscopic behaviour of cassava flour from dry and water groups. Ciencia Rural 45(8):1515–1521. doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20140338.
  10. Falemara BC, Joshua VI, Aina OO, Nuhu RD. 2018. Performance evaluation of the physical and combustion properties of briquettes produced from agro-wastes and wood residues. Recycling 3(3). doi:10.3390/recycling3030037.
  11. Fang S, Zhai X, Wan J, Tang L. 2013. Clonal variation in growth, chemistry and calorific value of new poplar hybrids at nursery stage. Biomass and Bioenergy 54:303–311. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.10.005.
  12. Fordiie EO. 2011. Durability of wood pellets. Thesis (Unpublised). Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University Of British Columbia, Colombia.
  13. Forero-Nuñez CA.b, Jochum J.d, Vargas FES.fg. 2015. Effect of particle size and addition of cocoa pod husk on the properties of sawdust and coal pellets. Ingenieria e Investigacion 35(1):17–23. doi:10.15446/ing.investig.v35n1.46157.
  14. Gageanu I, Cujbescu D, Persu C, Voicu G. 2018. Impact of using additives on quality of agricultural biomass pellets. hlm. 1632–1638. Di dalam: Proceedings 17th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. 23-25 May 2018, Jelgava, Latvia.
  15. Gilvari H, Cutz L, Tiringer U, Mol A, de Jong W, Schott DL. 2020. The effect of environmental conditions on the degradation behavior of biomass pellets. Polymers 12(4):1–15. doi:10.3390/POLYM12040970.
  16. Grace NCF, Henry CJ. 2020. The physicochemical characterization of unconventional starches and flours used in Asia. Foods 9(2):1–12. doi:10.3390/foods9020182.
  17. Guitarra P, Kartika H. 2018 Mar. ESDM: Jika tak ada temuan baru, cadangan minyak bumi akan turun tahun depan. Kontan.co.id. https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/esdm-jika-tak-ada-temuan-baru-cadangan-minyak-bumi-akan-turun-tahun-depan. Diakses September 2020.
  18. Hadiroseyani Y, Puspitasari A, Budiardi T. 2015. Peningkatan rasio C / N dengan penambahan tepung tapioka pada substrat budidaya Oligochaeta Increasing of C / N ratio with addition of tapioca starch in Oligochaetes culture substrate. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 14(2):144–150.
  19. Hansen MT, Jein AR, Hayes S, Bateman P. 2009. English Handbook for Wood Pellet Combustion. Force Technology. Denmark
  20. Hendra D. 2012. Rekayasa pembuatan mesin pelet kayu dan pengujian hasilnya. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 30(2):144–154.
  21. Hindom PP, Mande LC, Nurali E. 2016. Pengaruh penambahan tepung tapioka pada pembuatan biskuit bebas gluten, bebas kasein berbahan baku tepung ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoae batatas L ). Cocos 7(6):1–12.
  22. Holm JK, Stelte W, Posselt D, Ahrenfeldt J, Henriksen UB. 2011. Optimization of a multiparameter model for biomass pelletization to investigate temperature dependence and to facilitate fast testing of pelletization behavior. Energy and Fuels 25(8):3706–3711. doi:10.1021/ef2005628.
  23. Keipi T, Tolvanen H, Kokko L, Raiko R. 2014. The effect of torrefaction on the chlorine content and heating value of eight woody biomass samples. Biomass and Bioenergy 66:232–239. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.02.015.
  24. Kuokkanen M, Vilppo T, Kuokkanen T, Stoor T, Niinimaki J. 2011. Additives in wood pellet production – a pilot-scale study of binding agent usage. BioResources 6(4):4331–4355.
  25. Kymäläinen M, Mäkelä MR, Hildén K, Kukkonen J. 2015. Fungal colonisation and moisture uptake of torrefied wood, charcoal, and thermally treated pellets during storage. European Journal of Wood and Wood Produck 73(6):709–717. doi:10.1007/s00107-015-0950-9.
  26. Liu Z, Jiang Z, Cai Z, Fei B, YanYu, Liu X. 2013. Effects of carbonization conditions on properties of bamboo pellets. Renewable Energy 51:2–7. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2012.07.034.
  27. Liu Z, Quek A, Balasubramanian R. 2014. Preparation and characterization of fuel pellets from woody biomass, agro-residues and their corresponding hydrochars. Applied Energy 113:1315–1322. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.08.087.
  28. Lubis AS, Romli M, Yani M, Pari G. 2016. Mutu biopelet dari bagas, kulit kacang tanah dan pod kakao. Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian 26(1):77–86.
  29. Lukmandaru G, Mohammad AR, Wargono P, Prasetyo VE. 2016. Studi mutu kayu jati di hutan rakyat gunungkidul. V. Sifat kimia kayu. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan 10(2):108–118.
  30. Matangaran JR, Anggoro R. 2012. Limbah pemanenan jati di Bayuwangi Jawa Timur. Perennial 8(2):88. doi:10.24259/perennial.v8i2.221.
  31. Miranda T, Montero I, Sepúlveda FJ, Arranz JI, Rojas CV, Nogales S. 2015. A review of pellets from different sources. Materials 8:1413–1427. doi:10.3390/ma8041413.
  32. Munfiah S, Setiani O. 2013. Kualitas fisik dan kimia air sumur gali dan sumur bor di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Guntur II Kabupaten Demak. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 12(2):154–159. doi:10.14710/jkli.12.2.154.
  33. Obidzinski S, Piekut J, Dec D. 2016. The influence of potato pulp content on the properties of pellets from buckwheat hulls The in fl uence of potato pulp content on the properties of pellets from buckwheat hulls. Renewable Energy 87(March):289–297. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2015.10.025.
  34. Patel JP, Parsania PH. 2018. Characterization, testing, and reinforcing materials of biodegradable composites. Hlm 55-79 Dalam Shimpi N: Biodegradable and Biocompatible Polymer Composites. Woodhead Pulishing.
  35. Pietrzyk S, Fortuna T, Krolikowska K, Rogozińska E, Łabanowska M, Kurdziel M. 2013. Effect of mineral elements on physicochemical properties of oxidised starches and generation of free radicals. Carbohydrate Polymers 97(2):343–351. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.04.077.
  36. Pirraglia A, Gonzalez R, Saloni D, Wright J, Denig J. 2012. Fuel properties and suitability of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus macarthurii for torrefied wood and pellets. Bio Resources 7(1998):217–235.
  37. Purohit P, Chaturvedi V. 2018. Biomass pellets for power generation in India : a techno-economic evaluation. Environmetal Science and Pollutan Research 25:29614–29632.
  38. Roffael E. 2016. Significance of wood extractives for wood bonding. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 100:1589–1596. doi:10.1007/s00253-015-7207-8.
  39. Rowell RM, Pettersen R, Han JS, Rowell JS, Tshabalala MA. 2005. 3 Cell Wall Chemistry. Hlm. 33–72.Di dalam: Rowell RM, editor. Handbook of wood chemistry and wood composites, Second Edition. Boca Raton Florida: CRC Press.
  40. Sari NK. 2009. Pembuatan bioetanol dari rumput gajah dengan destilasi batch. Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 8(3):94–103.
  41. Speight JG. 2005. Handbook of coal analysis. Winefordner J, editor. New Jersey: A Jhon Wiley & Sons. Inc.
  42. Stahl M, Berghel J, Frodeson S, Granström K, Renström R. 2012. Effects on pellet properties and energy use when starch is added in the wood-fuel pelletizing process. Energy Fuels 26:1937–1945. doi:10.1021/ef201968r.
  43. Suwadji S, Pebriana H. 2018. Sifat wood pellet dari limbah kayu jati. Jurnal Wana Tropika 8(2):47–58.
  44. Syahidah, Hikmah, Yunianti AD. 2007. Kandungan kimia dan dimensi serat akar, cabang dan batang bagian atas kayu gmelina dan kayu jati di hutan rakyat Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Perennial 3(1):11-14.
  45. Szymajda A, Laska G. 2019. The effect of moisture and ash on the calorific value of cow dung biomass. Hlm. 16–18. Di dalam: Proceedings, 2019, ISMO 2019 Innovations-Sustainability-Modernity-Openness Conference (ISMO’19). 22–23 May 2019. Polandia.
  46. Tarasov D, Shahi C, Leitch M. 2013. Effect of additives on wood pellet physical and thermal characteristics: A review. ISRN Forestry 2013:1–6. doi:10.1155/2013/876939.
  47. Tumuluru JS. 2018. Effect of pellet die diameter on density and durability of pellets made from high moisture woody and herbaceous biomass. Carbon Resources Conversion 1(2018):44–54. doi:10.1016/j.crcon.2018.06.002.
  48. Wibowo S, Lestari N. 2018. Effect of peanut shell torrefaction on qualities of the produced. Reaktor 18(4):183–193.
  49. Yuswansyah E, Haryanto A, Lanya B. 2013. Potensi penerimaan masyarakat terhadap kompor biomassa UB-03. Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung 2(2):77–84.
  50. Zajac G, Szyszlak-Bargłowicz J, Gołebiowski W, Szczepanik M. 2018. Chemical characteristics of biomass ashes. Energies 11:1–15. doi:10.3390/en11112885.
Read More

Author Biographies

Santiyo Wibowo, Pusat Standardisasi Instrumen Pengelolaan Hutan Berkelanjutan Bogor

Pusat Standardisasi Instrumen Pengelolaan Hutan Berkelanjutan, Bogor, 16610

Gustan Pari, Pusat Standardisasi Instrumen Pengelolaan Hutan Berkelanjutan Bogor

Pusat Standardisasi Instrumen Pengelolaan Hutan Berkelanjutan, Bogor, 16610

Download this PDF file
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 861 Download : 1334