Email this article 
Aplikasi Model Rasch dalam Pengembangan Instrumen Deteksi Dini Postpartum Depression
https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.29818 Difa Ardiyanti(1*), Siti Muthia Dinni(2)
(1) Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
(2) Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
After giving birth, women will face a lot of challenge as a mother. That situation demands an adaptation process so that it is risky for women to diagnosed postpartum depression (PPD) disorder. Late detection and treatment may endanger the lives of the mother and baby. This condition indicates that PPD is a serious long term mental health problem and related to mother-child safety issues. Unfortunately, in Indonesia, the postpartum depression detection tool has never been developed. This study developed an early detection tool of postpartum depression (PPD) using the Rasch model which considered having advantages compared to the classical test theory. The subjects were 78 women who had just given birth last 2-6 weeks. Based on the results of the analysis using Winsteps, 13 items of 17 items met the grain-model fit index, with an alpha reliability coefficient of 0,90. Overall, it can be concluded that this early detection instrument of postpartum depression has good psychometric properties. Hence, it can be used for early assessment and research.
Abstrak : Tingginya tantangan seorang ibu setelah melahirkan menuntut sebuah proses adaptasi yang besar sehingga berisiko mencetus gangguan depresi setelah melahirkan (postpartum depression atau PPD). Deteksi dan penanganan yang terlambat dapat membahayakan nyawa ibu dan bayinya. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa PPD merupakan permasalahan kesehatan mental keluarga serius dalam jangka panjang dan terkait dengan isu keselamatan ibu-anak. Sayangnya, di Indonesia, alat deteksi PPD belum pernah dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen deteksi dini postpartum depression (PPD) menggunakan model Rasch, suatu pendekatan yang dipandang memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan teori tes klasik. Subjek penelitian adalah 78 wanita yang baru saja melahirkan 2-6 minggu terakhir. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan program Winsteps, didapatkan 13 aitem (dari 17 aitem)yang memenuhi tingkat kesesuaian butir-model, dengan koefisien reliabilitas alpha 0,90. Secara keseluruhan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa instrumen deteksi dini postpartum depression ini memiliki properti psikometris yang baik sehingga dapat digunakan untuk asesmen awal maupun penelitian.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Washington. Washington DC: APA.
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: APA.
Ardiyanti, D. (2016). Aplikasi model Rasch pada pengembangan skala efikasi diri dalam pengambilan keputusan karier siswa. Jurnal Psikologi, 43(3), 248-263, doi: 10.22146/jpsi.17801.
Aydin, N., Inandi, T., Yigit, A., & Hodoglugil, N. N. S. (2004). Validation of the turkish version of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale among women within their first postpartum year. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 39(6), 483-486. doi: 10.1007/s00127-004-0770-4.
Aziz, R. (2015). Aplikasi model Rasch dalam pengujian alat ukur kesehatan mental di tempat kerja. Jurnal Psikoislamika, 12(1), 1-16.
Azwar, S. (2012). Penyusunan skala psikologi edisi 2. Yogyakarta : Pustaka Pelajar.
Barlow, D. H. & Durand, V. M. (2012). Abnormal psychology: An integrative approach (6th edition). Belmont: Cengage Learning.
Beck, C. T. (1996). A meta-analysis of the relationship between postpartum depression and infant temperament. Nursing Research, 45(4), 225-230.
Beck, C. T. (1998). The effects of postpartum depression on child development: A meta-analysis. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 12(1). 12-20. doi: 10.1016/ S0883-9417(98) 80004-6.
Beck, C. T. & Gable, R. K. (2000). Postpartum depression screening scale: Development and psychometric testing, Nursing Research, 49(5), 272-282.
Bick, D., Mac Arthur, C., Knowles, H., & Winter, H. (2001). Post natal care, evidence and guidelines for management. London : Churchill Livingstone.
Bobak. (2004). Buku ajar keperawatan maternitas edisi 4. Jakarta: EGC.
Bond, T.G., & Fox, C. (2007). Applying the Rasch model. Fundamental measurement in the human sciences. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Boone, W. J., Staver, J. R., & Yale, M.S. (2014). Rasch analysis in the human sciences. Dordrecht: Springer.
Carr, A. (2001). Abnormal psychology. Sussex: Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
Choi, Y. J., Bishai, D., & Minkovit, C. S. (2009). Multiple births are a risk factor for postpartum maternal depressive symptoms. Pediatric, 123(4), 1147-1154. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-1619.
Cox, J. L., Holden, J. M., & Sagovsky, R. (1987). Detection of postnatal depression: Development of the 10-item edinburgh postnatal depression scale. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 782–786. doi: 10.1192/bjp.150.6.782.
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2003). Pedoman Penggolongan dan Diagnosis Gangguan Jiwa di Indonesia (PPDGJ) III. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2007). Pharmaceutical care untuk penderita gangguan depresif. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Diniyah, K. (2017). Gambaran depresi postpartum di RSIA Sadewa. Media Ilmu Kesehatan, 6(2), 162-167.
Dira, I. K. P. A. & Wahyuni, A. A. S. (2016). Prevalensi dan faktor risiko depresi postpartum di kota Denpasar menggunakan edinburgh postnatal depression scale. E-Jurnal Medika, 5(7), 1-5.
Fiona, M. (2004). Mengatasi depresi pasca melahirkan. Jakarta: Arcan.
Fisher, W. P. Jr. (2007). Rating scale instrument quality criteria. Rasch Measurement Transactions, 21(1), 1095. Diunduh dari: http://www.rasch.org/ rmt/rmt211m.htm tanggal 29 Oktober 2015.
Gilbert, E. S. & Harmon, J. S. (2003). Manual of high risk pregnancy and delivery (3th edition). Missouri : Mosby Elsevier.
Gondo, H. K. (2012). Skrining Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (epds) pada post partum blues. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran, I(2), 7-19.
Guedeney, N. & Fermanian, J. (1998). Validation study of the french version of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (epds): new results about use and psychometric properties. European Psychiatry, 13(2), 83-89. doi: 10.1016/ S0924-9338(98)80023-0.
Linacre, J. M. (1994). Sample size and item calibration stability. Rasch Measurement Transactions, 7(4), 328. Diunduh dari https://www.rasch.org/rmt/rmt74m.htm tanggal 31 Januari 2017.
Karacam, Z. & Kitis, Y. (2008). The postpartum depression screening scale: Its reliability and validity for the turkish population. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 19(2), 1-10.
Kheirabadi, G. R., Maracy, M. R., Akbaripour, S., & Masaeli, N. (2012). Psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale in a sample of iranian women. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 37(1), 32–38.
Kring, A. M., Johnson, S. L., Davison, G. C., Neale, J. M. (2010). Abnormal psychology (11th edition). New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Kurniasari, D. & Astuti, Y. A. (2015). Hubungan antara karakteristik ibu, kondisi bayi dan dukungan sosial suami dengan postpartum blues pada ibu dengan persalinan SC di Rumah Sakit Umum Ahmad Yani Metro tahun 2014. Jurnal Kesehatan Holistik, 9(3), 115-125.
Maslim, R. (2001). Diagnosis gangguan jiwa, rujukan ringkas dari PPDGJ-III. Jakarta: Bagian Ilmu Kedokteran Jiwa FK-Unika Atmajaya & PT Nuh Jaya.
Montazeri, A., Torkan, B., & Omidvari, S. (2007). The Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS): Translation and validation study of the iranian version. BMC Psychiatry, 7(11), 1-6. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-7-11.
Misbach, I. H. & Sumintono, B. (2014). Pengembangan dan validasi instrumen “persepsi siswa tehadap karakter moral guru” di Indonesia dengan model Rasch. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Psikometri “Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Karakter yang Valid”, 148-162.
Newland, R. P., & Parade, S. H. (2016). Screening and treatment of postpartum depression: impact on children and families. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 32(1), 4-6. doi: 10.1002/cbl.30092.
O’Hara, M. W. (1987). Post-partum ‘blues,’ depression, and psychosis: A review. Journal of Psychosomatic Ohstetric und Gynuecology, 7, 2015-227. doi: 10.3109/ 0167482 8709040280.
O’Hara, M. W., & Swain, A. M. (1996). Rates and risk of postpartum depression – a meta-analysis. International Review of Psychiatry, 8, 37–54. doi: 10.3109/ 0954026960903 7816.
Rosenthal, M. S. (2003). Woman depression : A sane approach to mood disorder. Los Angeles : Lowell House.
Soep. (2011). Penerapan edinburgh post-partum depression scale sebagai alat deteksi risiko depresi nifas pada primipara dan multipara. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 14(2), 95-100.
Sumintono, B., & Widhiarso, W. (2014). Aplikasi model Rasch untuk penelitian ilmu-ilmu sosial. Jakarta: Tim Komunikata Publishing House.
Wibisono, S. (2016). Aplikasi model Rasch untuk validasi instrumen pengukuran fundamentalisme agama bagi responden muslim. Jurnal Pengukuran Psikologi dan Pendidikan Indonesia (JP3I), 5(1), 1-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.29818
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 13770
| 
views : 19853
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Jurnal Psikologi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Recent Issues
 | | | | ||||
| Vol 51 Issue 1 (2024) Page 1-119 | Vol 50 Issue 3 (2023) Page 219-332 | Vol 50 Issue 2 (2023) Page 125-218 | Vol 50 Issue 1 (2023) Page 1-124 |
| Published by Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia Building D-6th, Floor No. D-606. Jl. Sosio Humaniora No. 1, Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, 55281 Email: jurnalpsikologi@ugm.ac.id Phone/whatsApp: +6281125210175 |
