Preparation of Iron-Doped SiO2/TiO2 Using Silica from Sugarcane Bagasse Ash for Visible Light Degradation of Congo Red

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.69501

Nawwal Hikmah(1), Dewi Agustiningsih(2), Nuryono Nuryono(3), Eko Sri Kunarti(4*)

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, PO BOX BLS 21, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, PO BOX BLS 21, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, PO BOX BLS 21, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(4) Department of Chemistry, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, PO BOX BLS 21, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Iron(III)-doped SiO2/TiO2 composite (SiO2/TiO2-Fe) has been prepared from sugarcane bagasse ash for photocatalytic degradation of Congo Red. This research was initiated by preparing SiO2 from sugarcane bagasse ash through a sol-gel method. The SiO2/TiO2-Fe was obtained by mixing SiO2 gel with TiO2-Fe sol which was produced with titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as precursor and FeCl3·H2O as the dopant source. Dopant concentration was varied by 0, 1, 3, 5, 7% (w/w). The prepared materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SR-UV, XRF, SAA, and SEM-EDX. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated for Congo Red degradation in a closed reactor under visible light illumination. The degradation yield was determined by the UV-Visible spectrophotometry method. Results showed that SiO2 was successfully extracted from bagasse ash with a silica content of 90.87%. The SiO2/TiO2-Fe composite was successfully prepared with the bandgap energy value (Eg) decreasing as the dopant concentration increased. The optimum Eg of 2.63 eV was obtained at the concentration of Fe was 5%. Under that condition, the SiO2/TiO2-Fe photocatalyst degraded Congo Red solution by 98.18 % under visible light at pH 3 with a mass of 30 mg for 90 min. The SiO2/TiO2-Fe composite is expected to be a photocatalyst material candidate for dye wastewater treatment.


Keywords


sugarcane bagasse ash; SiO2/TiO2-Fe; photocatalyst; Congo Red; degradation

Full Text:

Full Text PDF


References

[1] Hernández-Zamora, M., and Martínez-Jerónimo, F., 2019, Congo red dye diversely affects organisms of different trophic levels: A comparative study with microalgae, cladocerans, and zebrafish embryos, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 26 (12), 11743–11755.

[2] Batool, M., Qureshi, M.Z., Hashmi, F., Mehboob, N., and Shah, A.S., 2019, Congo red azo dye removal and study of its kinetics by aloe vera mediated copper oxide nanoparticles, Indones. J. Chem., 19 (3), 626–637.

[3] Lindu, M., 2008, The effects of gradient velocity and detention time to coagulation– flocculation of dyes and organic compound in deep well water, Indones. J. Chem., 8 (2), 146–150.

[4] Karamah, E.F., and Nurcahyani, P.A., 2019, Degradation of blue KN-R dye in batik effluent by an advanced oxidation process using a combination of ozonation and hydrodynamic cavitation, Indones. J. Chem., 19 (1), 41–47.

[5] Zargoosh, K., Rostami, M., and Aliabadi, H.M., 2020, Eu2+- and Nd3+-doped CaAl2O4/WO3/polyester nanocomposite as a sunlight-activated photocatalyst for fast removal of dyes from industrial wastes, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron., 31 (14), 11482–11495.

[6] Liu, L., and Li, Y., 2014, Understanding the reaction mechanism of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O on TiO2-based photocatalysts: A review, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 14 (2), 453–469.

[7] Tangale, N.P., Niphadkar, P.S., Samuel, V., Deshpande, S.S., Joshi, P.N., and Awate, S.V., 2016, Synthesis of Sn-containing anatase (TiO2) by sol-gel method and their performance in catalytic water splitting under visible light as a function of tin content, Mater. Lett., 171, 50–54.

[8] Chen, J., Qiu, F., Xu, W., Cao, S., and Zhu, H., 2015, Recent progress in enhancing photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2-based materials, Appl. Catal., A, 495, 131–140.

[9] Manurung, P., Situmeang, R., Ginting, E., and Pardede, I., 2015, Synthesis and characterization of titania-rice husk silica composites as photocatalyst, Indones. J. Chem., 15 (1), 36–42.

[10] Rovani, S., Santos, J.J., Corio, P., and Fungaro, D.A., 2018, Highly pure silica nanoparticles with high adsorption capacity obtained from sugarcane waste ash, ACS Omega, 3 (3), 2618–2627.

[11] Fonseca-Cervantes, O.R., Pérez-Larios, A., Romero Arellano, V.H., Sulbaran-Rangel, B., and Guzmán González, C.A., 2020, Effects in band gap for photocatalysis in TiO2 support by adding gold and ruthenium, Processes, 8 (9), 1032.

[12] Wan, H., Yao, W., Zhu, W., Tang, Y., Ge, H., Shi, X., and Duan, T., 2018, Fe-N co-doped SiO2@TiO2 yolk-shell hollow nanospheres with enhanced visible light photocatalytic degradation, Appl. Surf. Sci., 444, 355–363.

[13] D’Amato, C.A., Giovannetti, R., Zannotti, M., Rommozzi, E., Minicucci, M., Gunnella, R., and Di Cicco, A., 2018, Band gap implications on nano-TiO2 surface modification with ascorbic acid for visible light-active polypropylene coated photocatalyst, Nanomaterials, 8 (8), 599.

[14] Liu, J., Li, Y., Ke, J., Wang, S., Wang, L., and Xiao, H., 2018, Black NiO-TiO2 nanorods for solar photocatalysis: Recognition of electronic structure and reaction mechanism, Appl. Catal., B, 224, 705–714.

[15] Niu, X., Yan, W., Shao, C., Zhao, H., and Yang, J., 2019, Hydrothermal synthesis of Mo-C co-doped TiO2 and coupled with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) for high-efficiency photodegradation of methylene blue and tetracycline: Effect of donor-acceptor passivated co-doping, Appl. Surf. Sci., 466, 882–892.

[16] El Mragui, A., Logvina, Y., da Silva, L.P., Zegaoui, O., and da Silva, J.C.G.E., 2019, Synthesis of Fe– and co-doped TiO2 with improved photocatalytic activity under visible irradiation toward carbamazepine degradation, Materials, 12 (23), 3874.

[17] Raza, W., Haque, M.M., Muneer, M., Fleisch, M., Hakki, A., and Bahnemann, D., 2015, Photocatalytic degradation of different chromophoric dyes in aqueous phase using La and Mo doped TiO2 hybrid carbon spheres, J. Alloys Compd., 632, 837–844.

[18] Wu, J.C.S., and Chen, C.H., 2004, A visible-light response vanadium-doped titania nanocatalyst by sol-gel method, J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 163 (3), 509–515.

[19] Li, Z., Shen, W., He, W., and Zu, X., 2008, Effect of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticle derived from modified hydrothermal process on the photocatalytic degradation performance on methylene blue, J. Hazard. Mater., 155 (3), 590–594.

[20] Norsuraya, S., Fazlena, H., and Norhasyimi, R., 2016, Sugarcane bagasse as a renewable source of silica to synthesize Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15), Procedia Eng., 148, 839–846.

[21] Anwar, D.I., and Mulyadi, D., 2015, Synthesis of Fe-TiO2 composite as a photocatalyst for degradation of methylene blue, Procedia Chem., 17, 49–54.

[22] Kumar, A., Negi, Y.S, Choudhary, V., and Bhardwaj, N.K., 2014, Characterization of cellulose nanocrystals produced by acid-hydrolysis from sugarcane bagasse as agro-waste, J. Mater. Phys. Chem., 2 (1), 1–8.

[23] Worathanakul, P., Payubnop, W., and Muangpet, A., 2009, Characterization for post-treatment effect of bagasse ash for silica extraction, World Acad. Sci. Eng. Technol., 3 (8), 398–400.

[24] Dapiaggi, M., Pagliari, L., Pavese, A., Sciascia, L., Merli, M., and Francescon, F., 2015, The formation of silica high temperature polymorphs from quartz: Influence of grain size and mineralising agents, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 35 (16), 4547–4555.

[25] Rahman, N.A., Widhiana, I., Juliastuti, S.R., and Setyawan, H., 2015, Synthesis of mesoporous silica with controlled pore structure from bagasse ash as a silica source, Colloids Surf., A, 476, 1–7.

[26] Luu, C.L., Nguyen, Q.T., and Ho, ST, 2010, Synthesis and characterization of Fe-doped TiO2 photocatalyst by the sol-gel method, Adv. Nat. Sci.: Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 1, 015008.

[27] Yang, Y., Yu, Y., Wang, J., Zheng, W., and Cao, Y., 2017, Doping and transformation mechanisms of Fe3+ ions in Fe-doped TiO2, CrystEngComm, 19 (7), 1100–1105.

[28] Huynh, N.D.T., Vo, K.D., Nguyen, T.V., and Le, M.V., 2019, Enhancing the photoactivity of TiO2/SiO2 monolithic catalyst and it’s reusability for wastewater treatment, MATEC Web Conf., 268, 07005.

[29] Safari, M., Talebi, R., Rostami, M.H., Nikazar, M., and Dadvar, M., 2014, Synthesis of iron-doped TiO2 for degradation of reactive orange 16, J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng., 12 (1), 19.

[30] Othman, S.H., Rashid, S.A., Mohd Ghazi, T.I., and Abdullah, N., 2011, Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles produced via MOCVD: Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity, J. Nanomater., 2011, 571601.

[31] Aguado, J., van Grieken, R., López-Muñoz, M.J., and Marugán, J., 2006, A comprehensive study of the synthesis, characterization and activity of TiO2 and mixed TiO2/SiO2 photocatalysts, Appl. Catal., A, 312, 202–212.

[32] Munir, S., Shah, S.M., Hussain, H., and Ali khan, R., 2016, Effect of carrier concentration on the optical band gap of TiO2 nanoparticles, Mater. Des., 92, 64–72.

[33] Harun, N.S., Rahman, M.N.A., Kamarudin, W.F.W., Irwan, Z., Muhammud, A., Akhir, N.E.F.M., and Yaafar, M.R., 2018, Photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye based on titanium dioxide using solar and UV lamp, J. Fundam. Appl. Sci., 10 (1S), 832–846.

[34] Seyedi-Chokanlou, T., Aghabeygi, S., Molahasani, N., and Abrinaei, F., 2021, Applying Taguchi method to optimize the synthesis conditions of ZrO2/TiO2/ZnO nanocomposite for high-performance photodegradation of Congo red, Iran. J. Catal., 11 (1), 49–58.

[35] Kaya, D., and Türkten, N., 2020, Preparation of doped TiO2 photocatalysts and their decolorization efficiencies under solar light, J. Eng. Sci. Des., 8 (3), 655–663.

[36] Jo, W.K., and Tayade, R.J., 2014, New generation energy-efficient light source for photocatalysis: LEDs for environmental applications, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 53 (6), 2073–2084.

[37] Nurdin, M., Maulidiyah, M., Syahputra, R.A., Salim, L.O.A., Wati, I., Irwan, I., and Mustapa, F., 2021, Degradation test of organic congo red compounds using Mn-TiO2/Ti electrode by photocatalytic under the UV-visible irradiation, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 1899, 012047.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.69501

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3625 | views : 2541


Copyright (c) 2021 Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

 

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry (ISSN 1411-9420 /e-ISSN 2460-1578) - Chemistry Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

Web Analytics View The Statistics of Indones. J. Chem.