Utilization of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) Dreg in Biodegradable Plastic Processing

https://doi.org/10.22146/ifnp.63026

Yudi Pranoto(1*), Budi Ariyani Hermawati(2), Wahyu Supartono(3), Agung Putra Pamungkas(4)

(1) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Bioplastics are made from biomass sources that can be decomposed naturally in a relatively short time compared to plastics produced from synthetic polymers plastic. Sugar palm dregs are a promising source for bioplastics due to their abundance and renewability, and they do not compete with human needs. Sugar palm dregs contain enough crude fiber (41.66%) to produce strong bioplastics. Chitosan and glycerol are added to improve the performance of bioplastics. The responses observed included tensile strength, elongation at break, young modulus, thickness, biodegradability, and water vapor permeability. This study aims to determine the factors’ effect on the response parameters and find the optimal multiresponse combination to fabricate sugar palm dreg-based bioplastics. The experimental design was determined using Taguchi method, and multiresponse analysis was carried out using the Grey Relational Analysis approach. The results show that adding sugar palm dreg increased the tensile strength, Young modulus, and thickness of bioplastics but decreased the elongation at break. Adding chitosan affected the water vapor permeability, and glycerol increased the biodegradation percentage of bioplastics. The optimal combination of sugar palm dreg bioplastic was 3 grams of sugar palm dreg, 2 grams of chitosan, and 3 grams of glycerol. The combination resulted in a tensile strength of 1.46 MPa, 24.49 of elongation at break, 6.08 MPa of young modulus, 0.28 mm of thickness, 100% of biodegradation, and 0.61 g.mm/kPa.hour.m2. The results show that sugar palm dreg bioplastic is potential as future food packaging.


Keywords


bioplastic; sugar palm dregs; Taguchi method, Grey Relational Analysis

Full Text:

PDF


References

Anita, Z., Akbar, F., Harahap, H. (2013). Pengaruh Penambahan Gliserol terhadap Sifat Mekanik Film Plastik Biodegradasi dari Pati Kulit Singkong. Teknik Kimia Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2(2).

ASTM D882. (2002). Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting. Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials.

Edhirej, A., Sapuan, S. M., Jawaid, M., Zahari, N. I. (2017). Cassava/Sugar Palm Fiber Reinforced Cassava Starch Hybrid Composites: Physical, Thermal and Structural Properties. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 101, 75-83. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.045

Hardjono, Suharti, P. H., Permatasari, D. A., Sari, V. A. (2016). Pengaruh Penambahan Asam Sitrat Terhadap Karakteristik Film Plastik Biodegradable dari Pati Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa Acuminata Balbisiana Colla). Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan, 5(1). 22-28. Doi: 10.15294/jbat.v4i2.5965

Harsojuwono, B. A., Arnata, I. W. (2015). Karakteristik Fisik Dan Mekanik Bioplastik (Studi Konsentrasi Tapioka Dan Perbandingan Campuran Pemlastis). Media Ilmiah Teknologi Pangan, 3(1), 1-7.

Herawati, D. A., Kusumawardhani, E., Puspawati, N. (2016). Pemanfaatan Limbah Ampas Pati Aren Menjadi Bioetanol Secara Enzimatis Metode Konvensional dan SSF (Simultaneous of Saccarification and Fermentation). Simposium Nasional Rekayasa Aplikasi Perancangan dan Industri (RAPI) XV. http://hdl.handle.net/11617/8175

Ibrahim, M. I. J., Sapuan, S. M., Zainudin, E. S., Zuhri, M. Y. M. (2020). Preparation and Characterization of Cornhusk/Sugar Palm Fiber Reinforced Cornstarch-baseb Hybrid Composite. Material Research and Technology, 9(1), 200-211. Doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.10.045

Jambeck, J. R., Geyer, R., Wilcox, C., Siegler, T. R., Perryman, M., Andrady, A., Narayan, R., Law, K. L. (2015). Plastic Waste Inputs From Land Into The Ocean. Science, 347(768). Doi: 10.1126/science.1260352 Martina, S. P., Masturi, Yulianti, I. (2016). Analisis Plastik Biodegradable Berbahan Dasar Nasi Aking. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Fisika, 1(1), 9-12. Doi:10.26737/jipf.v1i1.53

Mustapa, R., Restuhadi, F., Efendi, R. (2017). Pemanfaatan Kitosan Sebagai Bahan Dasar Pembuatan Edible Film Dari Pati Ubi Jalar Kuning. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau, 4(2).

Nurlita, D., Wikanastri H., Yusuf, M. (2017). Karakteristik Plastik Biodegradable Berbasis Onggok dan Kitosan Dengan Plastisizer Gliserol. Jurnal Pangan dan Gizi, 7(2), 131-139. Doi:10.26714/jpg.7.2.2017.131-139

Pratiwi, R., Rahayu, D., Barliana, M. I. (2016). Pemanfaatan Selulosa dari Limbah Jerami Padi (Oryza sativa) sebagai Bahan Bioplastik. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 3(3), 83. Doi:10.15416/ijpst.v3i1.9406

Rosida, D. F., Hapsari, N., Dewati, R. (2018). Edible Coating dan Film dari Biopolimer Bahan Alami Terbarukan. Ponorogo: Uwais Inspirasi Indonesia. http://books.google.co.id/books/about/Edible_Coating_dan_Film_dari_Biopolimer.html?id=51BwDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y

Sari, P. D., Puri, W. A., Hanum, D. (2018). Delignifikasi Bahan Lignoselulosa: Pemanfaatan Limbah Pertanian. Pasuruan: Qiara Media. http://books.google.co.id/books/about/DELIGNIFIKASI_BAHAN_LIGNOSELULOSA.html?id=0YOFDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y

Siah, W. M., Aminah, A., Ishak, A. (2015). Edible Films from Seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii). International Food Research Journal, 22(6), 2230-2236. Styana, U. I. F., Hindarti, F. (2017). Studi Pengaruh Kecepatan Udara Terhadap Suhu Reaktor Dan Efisiensi Proses Gasifikasi Limbah Padat Aren. Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan, 1(1).

Tamiogy, W. R., Kardisa, A., Hisbullah, Aprilia, S. (2018). Pemanfaatan Selulosa dari Limbah Kulit Buah Pinang sebagai Filler pada Pembuatan Bioplastik. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Respiratory. Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan, 14(1), 63-71. Doi:10.23955/rkl.v14i1.11517

Wiradipta, I. D. G. A. (2017). Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable Berbahan Dasar Selulosa dari Tongkol Jagung (Undergraduate Theses). Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember. http://respiratory.its.ac.id/id/eprint/46898



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ifnp.63026

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 313 | views : 295

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress (print ISSN 0854-6177, online ISSN 2597-9388) is published by the Indonesian Association of Food Technologist in collaboration with Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Journal of Indonesian Food and Nutrition Progress have been indexed by: 

   

 

This works is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.