Sustainable entrepreneurial intention among livestock farmers: The role of green entrepreneurial mindset, green entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and environmental awareness

Ayu Intan Sari; Ida Nugroho Saputro; Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo; Endang Tri Rahayu; Shanti Emawati

doi:10.21059/buletinpeternak.v49i4.109453

Sustainable entrepreneurial intention among livestock farmers: The role of green entrepreneurial mindset, green entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and environmental awareness

https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v49i4.109453

Ayu Intan Sari^(1*), Ida Nugroho Saputro⁽²⁾, Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo⁽³⁾, Endang Tri Rahayu⁽⁴⁾, Shanti Emawati⁽⁵⁾

(1) Universitas Sebelas Maret
(2) Universitas Sebelas Maret
(3) Universitas Sebelas Maret
(4) Universitas Sebelas Maret
(5) Universitas Sebelas Maret
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Sustainable entrepreneurship plays an important role in driving economic growth while addressing environmental and social challenges as part of efforts to realize sustainable development. Sustainable entrepreneurs are motivated by their intention to solve sustainability issues through an entrepreneurial approach. In this context, this study aims to explore the role of green entrepreneurial mindset, green entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and environmental awareness on the cultivation of sustainable entrepreneurial intention among livestock farmers. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method of 280 young entrepreneurial respondents in the livestock sector who are interested in sustainable entrepreneurship. Data were collected using a closed questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of SmartPLS software. The study findings reveal that a green entrepreneurial mindset has a positive and significant direct and indirect effect on sustainable entrepreneurial intention through green entrepreneurial self-efficacy and environmental awareness. In addition, green entrepreneurial self-efficacy and environmental awareness have a positive and significant effect on sustainable entrepreneurial intention. This study makes an important contribution to understanding how green entrepreneurial mindset, green entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and environmental awareness can drive sustainable entrepreneurial intention in the livestock sector. In addition, the results of this study emphasize the need for an environmentally conscious entrepreneurial approach in managing livestock businesses.

Keywords

Green entrepreneurial mindset; Green self-efficacy; Environmental awareness; Sustainable entrepreneurial intentions

Full Text:

Ayu Intan Sari 268-281

References

Ajzen, I. (1985). From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior BT - Action Control: From Cognition to Behavior (J. Kuhl & J. Beckmann (eds.); pp. 11–39). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69746-3_2

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T

Akbari, M., Irani, H. R., Zamani, Z., Valizadeh, N., & Arab, S. (2024). Self-esteem, entrepreneurial mindset, and entrepreneurial intention: A moderated mediation model. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(1), 100934. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.100934

Andriyati, R., Wardani, D. K., & Setyowibowo, F. (2024). Determinant of Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention : Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Jurnal Kependidikan Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Dan Kajian Kepustakaan Di Bidang Pendidikan Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran, 10(1), 364. https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v10i1.10953

adan Pusat Statistik. (2022). Statistik Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan 2022.

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Freeman.

Barrera-Verdugo, G., Cadena-Echeverría, J., Durán-Sandoval, D., & Villarroel-Villarroel, A. (2025). Deepening gender differences in self-efficacy and sustainable entrepreneurial intentions among Business and Engineering students of Generation Z. The International Journal of Management Education, 23(2), 101186. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2025.101186

Benchrifa, H., Asli, A., & Zerrad, J. (2017). Promoting student’s entrepreneurial mindset: Moroccan case. Transnational Corporations Review, 9(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2017.1290922

Bhardwaj, S., Agarwal, S., & Tripathi, V. (2024). Exploring Factors Influencing the Entrepreneurial Intentions of the Youth Community Towards Green ICT to Encourage Environmental Sustainability: Evidence From an Emerging Economy. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 90(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/isd2.12331

Bullough, A., Renko, M., & Myatt, T. (2014). Danger Zone Entrepreneurs: The Importance of Resilience and Self–Efficacy for Entrepreneurial Intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(3), 473–499. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12006

Chauhan, S., Chauhan, K., Singh, S., Mahlawat, S., Kumar, V., & Singh, S. (2024). Analyzing family support mediating role between motivational factors and sustainable entrepreneurial intentions: A study on university students. Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship, 3(3), 100076. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stae.2024.100076

Chen, C. C., Greene, P. G., & Crick, A. (1998). Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers? Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 295–316. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00029-3

Cui, J., & Bell, R. (2022). Behavioural entrepreneurial mindset: How entrepreneurial education activity impacts entrepreneurial intention and behaviour. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(2), 100639. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100639

Daspit, J. J., Corey J., F., & and Findley, S. K. (2023). Entrepreneurial mindset: An integrated definition, a review of current insights, and directions for future research. Journal of Small Business Management, 61(1), 12–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2021.1907583

del Brío González, J. Á., Mitre Aranda, M., & Barba-Sánchez, V. (2022). Environmental awareness and the entrepreneurial intention in university students: Direct and mediating effects. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(3), 100719. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100719

Diepolder, C. S., Huwer, J., & Weitzel, H. (2025). Effects of competence-based sustainable entrepreneurship education on secondary school students’ sustainable entrepreneurial intention. Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship, 4(2), 100103. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stae.2025.100103

Donaldson, C., Signes, Á. P., & Villagrasa, J. (2025). Is the road to high growth paved with intrapreneurial intention? The role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and digital skills on entrepreneurship intention types. The International Journal of Management Education, 23(2), 101174. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2025.101174

Drakpa, D., Penjor, K., Choden, S., Om, T., Zangmo, D., & Wangmo, C. (2024). Influence of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention among final year students of business colleges in Bhutan. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 53(2), 258–278. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2024.140930

Elnadi, M., & Gheith, M. H. (2021). Entrepreneurial ecosystem, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention in higher education: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100458. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100458

Engle, R. L., Dimitriadi, N., Gavidia, J. V, Schlaegel, C., Delanoe, S., Alvarado, I., He, X., Buame, S., & Wolff, B. (2010). Entrepreneurial intent: A twelve‐country evaluation of Ajzen’s model of planned behavior. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 16(1), 35–57. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552551011020063

Fayolle, A., & Liñán, F. (2014). The future of research on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Research, 67(5), 663–666. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.11.024

Freitas, A. L., Gollwitzer, P., & Trope, Y. (2004). The influence of abstract and concrete mindsets on anticipating and guiding others’ self-regulatory efforts. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40(6), 739–752. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2004.04.003

Gerlach, A. (2003). Sustainable entrepreneurship and innovation.

Giudici, G., Guerini, M., & Rossi‐Lamastra, C. (2017). The Creation of Cleantech Startups at the Local Level: The Role of Knowledge Availability and Environmental Awareness. Small Business Economics, 52(4), 815–830. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9936-9

Guo, J. (2022). The significance of green entrepreneurial self-efficacy: Mediating and moderating role of green innovation and green knowledge sharing culture. Frontiers in Psychology, Volume 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1001867

Hair, J., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (7th.). Pearson Prentice Hall.

Hair, J., Hult, G. T., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications.

Humphrey, G. (1951). Thinking: an introduction to its experimental psychology. Methuen.

Ishak, A. B. L., Takdir, M., & Wardi, W. (2019). Estimates of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions from the Livestock Sector in 2016 in Central Sulawesi Province (Indonesian Version). Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia, 21(1), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.25077/jpi.21.1.51-58.2019

Jiatong, W., Murad, M., Bajun, F., Tufail, M. S., Mirza, F., & Rafiq, M. (2021). Impact of Entrepreneurial Education, Mindset, and Creativity on Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.724440

Kirkwood, J., & Walton, S. (2010). What motivates ecopreneurs to start businesses? International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 16(3), 204–228. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552551011042799

Krueger, N. F., & Brazeal, D. V. (1994). Entrepreneurial Potential and Potential Entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(3), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879401800307

Kuckertz, A., & Wagner, M. (2010). The Influence of Sustainability Orientation on Entrepreneurial Intentions — Investigating the Role of Business Experience. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(5), 524–539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.09.001

Mambali, E. R., Kapipi, M. S., & Changalima, I. A. (2024). Entrepreneurship education and business and science students’ green entrepreneurial intentions: The role of green entrepreneurial self-efficacy and environmental awareness. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(2), 100987. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.100987

Manafe, M. W. N., Ohara, M. R., Gadzali, S. S., Harahap, M. A. K., & Ausat, A. M. A. (2023). Exploring the Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Mindsets and Business Success: Implications for Entrepreneurship Education. Journal on Education, 5(4), 12540–12547. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i4.2238

Middermann, L. H., Kratzer, J., & Perner, S. (2020). The Impact of Environmental Risk Exposure on the Determinants of Sustainable Entrepreneurship. In Sustainability (Vol. 12, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041534

Oulhou, H., & Ibourk, A. (2023). Perceived effectiveness of entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention among Moroccan university students: A correlational study. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), 100719. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100719

Parthiban, R., Sun, R., Qureshi, I., & Bandyopadhyay, S. (2024). Empowering rural micro-entrepreneurs through technoficing: A process model for mobilizing and developing indigenous knowledge. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 33(2), 101836. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2024.101836

Putri, G. E., Sudira, P., Sofyan, H., Mutohhari, F., Saputro, I. N., & Ramadhan, M. A. (2025). Determining green technology usage behaviour in vocational education and learning. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 7(9), 1–11. https://doi.org/ttps://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025347

Runtuni, S. Y., & Dewanti, A. K. (2019). Utilization of Biogas and Its Impact on the Welfare of Dairy Farmer Families in Mojosongo, Boyolali (Indonesian Version). Jurnal Parameter, 31(2), 81–95. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.21009/parameter.312.02

Saputro, I. N., Sukatiman, S. ., Setiawan, A. H., & Sari, A. I. (2024). The Role of Social Support to Foster Creative Thinking of Vocational Students In University: Mediating Effect of Creative Self-Efficacys. Qubahan Academic Journal, 4(3), 607–618. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v4n3a619

Sari, A. I., Saputro, I. N., Purnomo, S. H., Rahayu, E. T., & Emawati, S. (2024). Study of the Mastery of Digital Self-Efficacy through the Learning Process among Students of Universities in the Livestock Sector. Qubahan Academic Journal, 4(3), 426–439. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v4n3a620

Schaltegger, S., & Wagner, M. (2011). Sustainable entrepreneurship and sustainability innovation: categories and interactions. Business Strategy and the Environment, 20(4), 222–237. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.682

Širá, E., Kravčáková Vozárová, I., Kotulič, R., & Dubravská, M. (2022). EU27 Countries’ Sustainable Agricultural Development toward the 2030 Agenda: The Circular Economy and Waste Management. In Agronomy (Vol. 12, Issue 10). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102270

Solesvik, M. Z., Westhead, P., Matlay, H., & Parsyak, V. N. (2013). Entrepreneurial Assets and Mindsets. Education + Training, 55(8/9), 748–762. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-06-2013-0075

Sumarni, S., Sasanti, V. A. D., & Saputro, I. N. (2025). Developing Creativity Assessment Instruments for Building Engineering Vocational High School Students Based on SelfAssessment in Creative and Entrepreneurial Product Subjects. Qubahan Academic Journal, 5(1), 461–475. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v5n1a1389

Sung, C. S., & Park, J. Y. (2018). Sustainability Orientation and Entrepreneurship Orientation: Is There a Tradeoff Relationship Between Them? Sustainability, 10(2), 379. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020379

Thompson, E. R. (2009). Individual Entrepreneurial Intent: Construct Clarification and Development of an Internationally Reliable Metric. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 669–694. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00321.x

Wang, Y., Wang, Q., Pan, X., & Mata, M. N. (2024). Green entrepreneurial intention, knowledge management process, and green entrepreneurial behaviour through a lens of transformative innovation. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(4), 100567. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100567

Yasir, N., Babar, M. A., Mehmood, H. S., Xie, R., & Guo, G. (2023). The Environmental Values Play a Role in the Development of Green Entrepreneurship to Achieve Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention. Sustainability, 15(8), 6451. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086451

Yusof, M., Sandhu, M. S., & Jain, K. K. (2016). Relationship between psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial inclination: A case study of students at University Tun Abdul Razak. Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, 12(2), 41–61.

Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265–1272. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1265

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v49i4.109453