Antiinflammatory and Antimelanogenic Effects of Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig Leaf Extract Cream on UVB Radiation-Induced Sunburn in Guinea Pigs
Keywords:
antiinflammatory, antimelanogenic, antioxidant, cream, Xylocarpus granatum leaf
Abstract
Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig is a medical mangrove plant predominantly found in tropical and subtropical coastal regions, including Indonesia. The plant contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins and steroids, which exhibit antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antimelanogenic effects. This study was aims to determine the antiinflammatory and antimelanogenesis effect of Xylocarpus granatum leaf ethanol extract cream. The compounds of Xylocarpus granatum leaf ethanol extract was identified by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The potential of the extract as a sunscreen was evaluated through the analysis of sun protection factor (SPF) value. The antioxidant activity of the extract was assessed using the DPPH method. The antiinflammatory and antimelanogenic effects of cream were evaluated through histopathological analysis of epidermal thickness and melanin levels in ultraviolet B (UVB)-exposed ginea pig skin. The Xylocarpus granatum leaf extract was found to contain 16 compounds, of which 11 compounds were identified as antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and/or antimelanogenic. The Xylocarpus granatum leaf extract exhibited a high level of sun protection with an SPF value of 35.56. Additionally, the extract displayed strong antioxidant activity, as indicated by an IC50 value of 64,57 ppm. Treatment with 10% Xylocarpus granatum leaf extract cream significantly reduced epidermal thickness (p-value = 0.165), while 15% Xylocarpus granatum leaf extract cream showed a significant decrease in melanin levels (p-value = 0.828) compared to the hydroquinone treatment. This study concluded that Xylocarpus granatum leaf extract exhibit as a potential source for the development of health-related products, particularly those involving antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antimelanogenic properties.
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Published
2024-09-18
How to Cite
Kusuma Wardani, I. G. A. A., Senapathi, T. G. A., Satriyasa, B. K., Indrayani, A. W., & Arijana, I. G. K. N. (2024). Antiinflammatory and Antimelanogenic Effects of Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig Leaf Extract Cream on UVB Radiation-Induced Sunburn in Guinea Pigs. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy, 35(4), 613–628. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijp.9427
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Research Article
