The Evaluation of Favipiravir Utilization and Clinical Outcome of Inpatients Covid-19 in Secondary Care Hospital, Central Java
Keywords:
COVID-19, favipiravir, outcome, utilization
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The favipiravir is one of the antiviral treatments for COVID-19. There has been limited research done on favipiravir in Indonesia, and there is controversy on the drug's efficacy. This study aims to determine the utilization of favipiravir affected patients with COVID-19. This study was a retrospective data collection method and an observational study. The information was collected from the medical reports of confirmed COVID-19 patients between in March 2020 and June 2021 at the Secondary Care Hospital in Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. By comparing clinical symptoms before and after using favipiravir, the results of temperature, respiratory rate, and cough symptom parameters were used to evaluate the effects of using favipiravir on clinical symptoms. The total number of 250 patients were qualified the inclusion criteria consisted of 90 patients with severity of illness in mild level, 101 patients had moderate level, and 59 patients with severe level. Most patients reported symptoms of coughing, shortness of breath, weakness, fever, and nausea. The majority of favipiravir patients (n=200; 80%) initiated with a dose of 1600 mg/12 hours, followed by a dose of 600 mg/12 hours, with the longest length of therapy (8-14 days) (n=145; 58%). At all grades of disease severity, statistical analysis of patients showed the significant improvement in cough, fever, and respiratory rate after taking favipiravir (p=0.0001). In conclusion, favipiravir may have beneficial effects on COVID-19 patients in all grade severity of illness.
References
Achidsti, A., Sari, O. K., Ratnasari, D. P., Ningsih, N. S., Widyaningrum, A. R., Maji, J. S., Weiss, M. U. S., & Muttaqin, S. S. (2021). Women’s Resilience and Vulnerability in Facing COVID-19 in DKI Jakarta and East Java. Populasi, 28(2), 96. https://doi.org/10.22146/jp.63388
Alamer, A., Alrashed, A. A., Alfaifi, M., Alosaimi, B., AlHassar, F., Almutairi, M., Howaidi, J., Almutairi, W., Mohzari, Y., Sulaiman, T., Al-jedai, A., Alajami, H. N., Alkharji, F., Alsaeed, A., Alali, A. H., Baredhwan, A. A., Abraham, I., & Almulhim, A. S. (2021). Effectiveness and safety of favipiravir compared to supportive care in moderately to critically ill COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study with propensity score matching sensitivity analysis. Current Medical Research and Opinion, 37(7), 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2021.1920900
Anonim. (2022). Peta Sebaran | Covid19.go.id.
Biswas, M., Rahaman, S., Biswas, T. K., Haque, Z., & Ibrahim, B. (2021). Association of Sex , Age , and Comorbidities with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 6205, 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1159/000512592
Bosaeed, M., Alharbi, A., Mahmoud, E., Alrehily, S., Bahlaq, M., Gaifer, Z., Alturkistani, H., Alhagan, K., Alshahrani, S., Tolbah, A., Musattat, A., Alanazi, M., Jaha, R., Sultana, K., Alqahtani, H., Al Aamer, K., Jaser, S., Alsaedy, A., Ahmad, A., … Alaskar, A. (2021). Saudi Arabia 7) King Abdullah Medical CitydMakkah, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia 8) Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 9) Infection Prevention and Control Program, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs. King Abdulaziz Medical City, 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.12.026
BPOM RI. (2020). Fact Sheet For Health Care Providers Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Of Favipiravir For Treatment Of COVID-19 Patients. Badan Pengawas Obat Dan Makanan, 1–17.
Buonaguro, L., Tagliamonte, M., Tornesello, M. L., & Buonaguro, F. M. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase as target for antiviral therapy. Journal of Translational Medicine, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/S12967-020-02355-3
Cai, H. (2020). Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8(4), e20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30117-X
Cai, Q., Yang, M., Liu, D., Chen, J., Shu, D., Xia, J., Liao, X., Gu, Y., Cai, Q., Yang, Y., Shen, C., Li, X., Peng, L., Huang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Wang, F., Liu, J., Chen, L., … Liu, L. (2020). Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for COVID-19: An Open-Label Control Study. Engineering, 6(10), 1192–1198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.007
Furuta, Y., Komeno, T., & Nakamura, T. (2017). Favipiravir (T-705), a broad spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase. Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences, 93(7), 449. https://doi.org/10.2183/PJAB.93.027
Goyal, A., Fabian, E., & Schiffer, J. T. (2020). Potency and timing of antiviral therapy as determinants of duration of SARS CoV-2 shedding and intensity of inflammatory response.
Guan, W., Liang, W., Zhao, Y., Liang, H., Chen, Z., Li, Y., Liu, X., Chen, R., Tang, C., Wang, T., Ou, C., Li, L., Chen, P., Sang, L., Wang, W., Li, J., Li, C., Ou, L., Cheng, B., … He, J. (2020). Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with COVID-19 in China: a nationwide analysis. The European Respiratory Journal, 55(5), 640. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00547-2020
Her, A. Y., Bhak, Y., Jun, E. J., Yuan, S. L., Garg, S., Lee, S., Bhak, J., & Shin, E. S. (2022). Sex-specific difference of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in South Korea. PLoS ONE, 17(1 1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262861
Hosseinzadeh, R., Sheikh, M. A., Goharrizi, B., Bahardoust, M., Alvanegh, A. G., Ataee, M. R., Bagheri, M., Navidiyan, S., Zijoud, R. H., & Heiat, M. (2021). Should all patients with hypertension be worried about developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Clinical Hypertension 2021 27:1, 27(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/S40885-021-00161-7
Hu, C., Li, J., Xing, X., Gao, J., Zhao, S., & Id, L. X. (2021). The effect of age on the clinical and immune characteristics of critically ill patients with COVID-19 : A preliminary report. 65, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248675
Jordan, P. C., Stevens, S. K., & Deval, J. (2018). Nucleosides for the treatment of respiratory RNA virus infections. Antiviral Chemistry & Chemotherapy, 26. https://doi.org/10.1177/2040206618764483
Kramer, D. G., Silva, M. J. L. Da, Silva, G. S. E. Da, Moura, A. M. M. A. De, Junior, G. B. C., Sousa, A. M. De, & Silva, A. E. A. Da. (2020). Favipiravir As a Potential Drug in the Treatment of Covid-19. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 8(4), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i4.2020.2
Lim, S., Bae, J. H., Kwon, H. S., & Nauck, M. A. (2020). COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management. Nature Reviews Endocrinology 2020 17:1, 17(1), 11–30. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-020-00435-4
Lippi, G., Wong, J., & Henry, B. M. (2020). Hypertension in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A pooled analysis. Polish Archives of Internal Medicine, 130(4), 304–309. https://doi.org/10.20452/PAMW.15272
Mikkelsen, M. E., & Abramoff, B. (2022). COVID-19: Evaluation and management of adults following acute viral illness - UpToDate.
Muhamad, S. A., Ugusman, A., Kumar, J., Skiba, D., Hamid, A. A., & Aminuddin, A. (2021). COVID-19 and Hypertension: The What, the Why, and the How. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 589. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPHYS.2021.665064/BIBTEX
Susilo, A., Rumende, C. M., Pitoyo, C. W., Santoso, W. D., Yulianti, M., Herikurniawan, H., Sinto, R., Singh, G., Nainggolan, L., Nelwan, E. J., Chen, L. K., Widhani, A., Wijaya, E., Wicaksana, B., Maksum, M., Annisa, F., Jasirwan, C. O. M., & Yunihastuti, E. (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 7(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v7i1.415
Udwadia, Z. F., Singh, P., Barkate, H., Patil, S., Rangwala, S., Pendse, A., Kadam, J., Wu, W., Caracta, C. F., & Tandon, M. (2020). Efficacy and safety of favipiravir, an oral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, in mild-to-moderate COVID-19: A randomized, comparative, open-label, multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.142
Alamer, A., Alrashed, A. A., Alfaifi, M., Alosaimi, B., AlHassar, F., Almutairi, M., Howaidi, J., Almutairi, W., Mohzari, Y., Sulaiman, T., Al-jedai, A., Alajami, H. N., Alkharji, F., Alsaeed, A., Alali, A. H., Baredhwan, A. A., Abraham, I., & Almulhim, A. S. (2021). Effectiveness and safety of favipiravir compared to supportive care in moderately to critically ill COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study with propensity score matching sensitivity analysis. Current Medical Research and Opinion, 37(7), 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2021.1920900
Anonim. (2022). Peta Sebaran | Covid19.go.id.
Biswas, M., Rahaman, S., Biswas, T. K., Haque, Z., & Ibrahim, B. (2021). Association of Sex , Age , and Comorbidities with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 6205, 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1159/000512592
Bosaeed, M., Alharbi, A., Mahmoud, E., Alrehily, S., Bahlaq, M., Gaifer, Z., Alturkistani, H., Alhagan, K., Alshahrani, S., Tolbah, A., Musattat, A., Alanazi, M., Jaha, R., Sultana, K., Alqahtani, H., Al Aamer, K., Jaser, S., Alsaedy, A., Ahmad, A., … Alaskar, A. (2021). Saudi Arabia 7) King Abdullah Medical CitydMakkah, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia 8) Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 9) Infection Prevention and Control Program, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs. King Abdulaziz Medical City, 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.12.026
BPOM RI. (2020). Fact Sheet For Health Care Providers Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Of Favipiravir For Treatment Of COVID-19 Patients. Badan Pengawas Obat Dan Makanan, 1–17.
Buonaguro, L., Tagliamonte, M., Tornesello, M. L., & Buonaguro, F. M. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase as target for antiviral therapy. Journal of Translational Medicine, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/S12967-020-02355-3
Cai, H. (2020). Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8(4), e20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30117-X
Cai, Q., Yang, M., Liu, D., Chen, J., Shu, D., Xia, J., Liao, X., Gu, Y., Cai, Q., Yang, Y., Shen, C., Li, X., Peng, L., Huang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Wang, F., Liu, J., Chen, L., … Liu, L. (2020). Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for COVID-19: An Open-Label Control Study. Engineering, 6(10), 1192–1198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.007
Furuta, Y., Komeno, T., & Nakamura, T. (2017). Favipiravir (T-705), a broad spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase. Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences, 93(7), 449. https://doi.org/10.2183/PJAB.93.027
Goyal, A., Fabian, E., & Schiffer, J. T. (2020). Potency and timing of antiviral therapy as determinants of duration of SARS CoV-2 shedding and intensity of inflammatory response.
Guan, W., Liang, W., Zhao, Y., Liang, H., Chen, Z., Li, Y., Liu, X., Chen, R., Tang, C., Wang, T., Ou, C., Li, L., Chen, P., Sang, L., Wang, W., Li, J., Li, C., Ou, L., Cheng, B., … He, J. (2020). Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with COVID-19 in China: a nationwide analysis. The European Respiratory Journal, 55(5), 640. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00547-2020
Her, A. Y., Bhak, Y., Jun, E. J., Yuan, S. L., Garg, S., Lee, S., Bhak, J., & Shin, E. S. (2022). Sex-specific difference of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in South Korea. PLoS ONE, 17(1 1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262861
Hosseinzadeh, R., Sheikh, M. A., Goharrizi, B., Bahardoust, M., Alvanegh, A. G., Ataee, M. R., Bagheri, M., Navidiyan, S., Zijoud, R. H., & Heiat, M. (2021). Should all patients with hypertension be worried about developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Clinical Hypertension 2021 27:1, 27(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/S40885-021-00161-7
Hu, C., Li, J., Xing, X., Gao, J., Zhao, S., & Id, L. X. (2021). The effect of age on the clinical and immune characteristics of critically ill patients with COVID-19 : A preliminary report. 65, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248675
Jordan, P. C., Stevens, S. K., & Deval, J. (2018). Nucleosides for the treatment of respiratory RNA virus infections. Antiviral Chemistry & Chemotherapy, 26. https://doi.org/10.1177/2040206618764483
Kramer, D. G., Silva, M. J. L. Da, Silva, G. S. E. Da, Moura, A. M. M. A. De, Junior, G. B. C., Sousa, A. M. De, & Silva, A. E. A. Da. (2020). Favipiravir As a Potential Drug in the Treatment of Covid-19. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 8(4), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i4.2020.2
Lim, S., Bae, J. H., Kwon, H. S., & Nauck, M. A. (2020). COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management. Nature Reviews Endocrinology 2020 17:1, 17(1), 11–30. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-020-00435-4
Lippi, G., Wong, J., & Henry, B. M. (2020). Hypertension in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A pooled analysis. Polish Archives of Internal Medicine, 130(4), 304–309. https://doi.org/10.20452/PAMW.15272
Mikkelsen, M. E., & Abramoff, B. (2022). COVID-19: Evaluation and management of adults following acute viral illness - UpToDate.
Muhamad, S. A., Ugusman, A., Kumar, J., Skiba, D., Hamid, A. A., & Aminuddin, A. (2021). COVID-19 and Hypertension: The What, the Why, and the How. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 589. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPHYS.2021.665064/BIBTEX
Susilo, A., Rumende, C. M., Pitoyo, C. W., Santoso, W. D., Yulianti, M., Herikurniawan, H., Sinto, R., Singh, G., Nainggolan, L., Nelwan, E. J., Chen, L. K., Widhani, A., Wijaya, E., Wicaksana, B., Maksum, M., Annisa, F., Jasirwan, C. O. M., & Yunihastuti, E. (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 7(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v7i1.415
Udwadia, Z. F., Singh, P., Barkate, H., Patil, S., Rangwala, S., Pendse, A., Kadam, J., Wu, W., Caracta, C. F., & Tandon, M. (2020). Efficacy and safety of favipiravir, an oral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor, in mild-to-moderate COVID-19: A randomized, comparative, open-label, multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.142
Published
2023-09-04
How to Cite
Endah Endriastuti, N., Ekowati, H., & Suryoputri, M. W. (2023). The Evaluation of Favipiravir Utilization and Clinical Outcome of Inpatients Covid-19 in Secondary Care Hospital, Central Java. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy, 34(3), 510–518. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijp.5274
Issue
Section
Research Article
