Apium graveolens and Eucalyptus globulus Decrease Stress and Protect Folliculogenesis Marker on Woman Reproductive Health during COVID-19 Pandemic
Keywords:
Apium graveolens, Eucalyptus globulus, immunomodulator, folliculogenesis, woman reproductive health
Abstract
Stress during the COVID-19 pandemic affects the physiological and immunological response to women's reproductive health. Eucalyptus globulus and Apium graveolens are immunomodulators related to women's reproductive health. This study aimed to investigate E. globulus and A. graveolens towards the expression of Heat Shock Protein-70 (HSP70) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as stress markers, luteinizing hormone (LH), and Growth Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF-9) as folliculogenesis markers. This study was an experimental randomized controlled trial using a pre-posttest control group design. Sixty women of reproductive health age who had stress based on the DASS-21 questionnaire were divided into two groups at area of Nusukan Health Center, Indonesia. The intervention group was given 300 mg A. graveolens capsules orally and E. globulus essential oil for 14 days. The control group was given a placebo. Blood samples and stress levels were evaluated before and after the intervention to determine the effect of the intervention. There was no difference in stress levels in the control and treatment groups at pre-test. The intervention group decreased HSP70, TNF-α, and stress levels (p<0.001). A significantly decreased TNF-α increased LH level (p<0.001). Moreover, LH and GDF-9 levels increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.001). In summary, A. graveolens supplementation and E. globulus essential oil decreased stress and protected folliculogenesis markers on women's reproductive health due to stressful conditions during pandemic COVID-19.
References
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Jun, S. Y., Kang, P., Min, S. S., Lee, M. J., Kim, K. H., & Seol, H. G. (2013) Effect of Eucalyptus oil inhalation on pain and inflammatory responses after total knee replacement: Randomized clinical trial. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 13(7). http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/502727
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Kooti, W., Aliakbari, S., Asadi-Samani, M., Ghadery, H., & Ashtary-Larky, D. (2015). A review on medicinal plant of Apium graveolens. Advanced Herbal Medicine, 1(1), 48-59.
Kooti, W., Moradi, M., Peyro, K., Sharghi, M., Alamiri, F., Azami, M., Firoozbakht, M., & Ghafourian, M. (2017) The effect of celery (Apium graveolens L.) on fertility: A systematic review. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2016-0141
Landau, S., Muklada, H., Markovics, A., & Azaizeh, H. (2014). Traditional Uses of Pistacia lentiscus in Veterinary and Human Medicine. In: Yaniv, Z.; Dudai, N. editors. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the Middle-East. Med. From. Plant World. 2: Springer Netherland. 2014. p. 163-80.
Leistner, C., & Menke, A. (2020) Hypotalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and stress. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Chapter 4. 2020. Vol. 175 (3rd Series).
Li, M. Y., Hou, X. L., Wang, F., Tan, G. F., Xu, Z. S., & Xiong, A. S. (2018). Advances in the research of celery, an important Apiaceae vegetable crop. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 38(2), 172‐183. https://doi.org/10.1080/07388551.2017.1312275
Lin, W.H., Kuo, H.H., Ho, L.H., Tseng, M.L., Siao, A.C., Hung, C.T., Jeng, K.C., & Hou, C.W. (2015). Gardenia jasminoides extracts and gallic acid inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by suppression of JNK2/1 signaling pathways in BV-2 cells. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 18(6), 555-562.
Maduka I C., Neboh, I. E., & Ufelle, S. A. (2015). The relationship between serum cortisol, adrenaline, blood glucose and lipid profile of undergraduate students under examination stress. African Health Sciences, 15(1), 131-136. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v15i1.18
Mayor, E. (2015). Gender roles and traits in stress and health. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 779. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2015.00779
McEwen, B. S., Bowles, N. P., Gray, J. D., Hill, M. N., Hunter, R. G., Karatsoreos, I. N., & Nasca, C. (2015). Mechanisms of stress in the brain. Nature Neurosciences, 18(10), 1353-63. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4086
Nagella, P., Ahmad, A., Kim, S. J., & Chung, I. M. (2012). Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and larvicidal effects of essential oil from leaves of Apium graveolens. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 34(2), 205-209. https://doi.org/10.3109/08923973.2011.592534
Nakamura, T., Yoshida, N., Yamanoi, Y., Horyo, A., Tomita, H., Kuwabara, H., & Kojima, Y. (2020). Eucalyptus oil reduces allergic reactions and suppresses mast cell degranulation by downregulating IgE-FcERI signalling. Scientific Report, 10, 20940. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77039-5
Naki, Z. J., Kadium, D. A. H., & Al-Shammari, Z. M. J. (2018). Effect of alcoholic extract of celery seeds Apium graveolens on the histological characteristic ovaries of swiss rat ratus. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 11, 193-198. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00036.7
Novika, R. G. H., Santoso, B., & Widjiati, W. (2019). The effect of psychological stress on Mfp intrafollicular. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 11(5), 127-130. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s5.T0102
Pandey, A. K., Gupta, A., Tiwari, M., Prasad, S., Pandey, A. N., Yadav, P. K., Sharma, A., Sahu, K., Asrafuzzaman, S., Vengayil, D. T., Shrivastav, T. G., & Chaube, S. K. (2018). Impact of stress on female reproductive health disorders: Possible beneficial effects of shatavari (Asparagus racemosus). Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 103, 46-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.003
Pedersen, J. M., Mortensen, E. L., Christensen, D. S., Rozing, M., Brunsgaard, H., Meincke, R. H., Petersen, G. L., & Lund, R. (2018). Prenatal and early postnatal stress and later life inflammation. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 88, 158-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.12.014
Prasad, S., Tiwari, M., Pandey, A. N., Shrivastav, T. G., & Chaube, S. K. (2016). Impact of stress on oocyte quality and reproductive outcome. Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 23, 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-016-0253-4
Qabaha, K., Ras, S. A., Abbadi, J., & Al-Rimawi, F. (2016). Anti-inflammatory activity of Eucalyptus spp and Pistascia lentiscus leaf extract. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 13(5), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v13i5.1
Rafique, N., & Al-Sheikh, M. H. (2018). Prevalence of menstrual problems and their association with psychological stress in young female students studying health sciences. Saudi Medical Journal, 39(1), 67-73. https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2018.1.21438
Rastogi, S., & Haldar, C. (2020). Role of melatonin and HSF-1\HSP-70 in modulating cold stress-induced immunosuppression in a tropical rodent - Funambulus pennanti. Journal of Thermal Biology, 87, 102456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.102456
Richards, J. S., Ren, Y. A., Candelaria, N., Adams, J. E., & Rajkovic, A. (2018). Ovarian follicular theca cell recruitment, differentiation, and impact on fertility: 2017 update. Endocrine Reviews, 39, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2017-00164
Rondanelli, M., Miccono, A., Lamburghini, S., Avanzato, I., Riva, A., Allegrini, P., Faliva, M. A., Peroni, G., Nichetti, M., & Perna, S. (2018). Self-care for common colds: The pivotal role of vitamin D, vitamin C, zinc, and echinacea in three main immune interactive clusters (physical barriers, innate and adaptive immunity) involved during an episode of common colds-practical advice on dosages and on the time to take these nutrients/botanicals in order to prevent or treat common colds. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018, 5813095. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5813095
Sanfins, A., Rodrigues, P., & Albertini, D. F. (2018) GDF-9 and BMP-15 direct the follicle symphony. Journal of Assisted Reproductive and Genetics, 35, 1741-1750. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-018-1268-4
Shigemura, J., Ursano, R. J., Morganstein, J. C., Kurosawa, M., & Benedek, D. M. (2020). Public responses to the novel 2019 coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Japan: Mental health consequences and target populations. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 74(4), 281-282. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12988
Uchimura, T., Hara, S., Yazawa, T., Kamei, Y., & Kitano, T. (2019). Involvement of heat shock proteins on the transcriptional regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone in medaka. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10, 529. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389%2Ffendo.2019.00529
Valsamakis, G., Chrousos, G., & Mastorakos, G. (2019) Stress, female reproduction and pregnancy. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 100, 48-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.031
Wahidah, N. J., I’tishom, R., & Khaerunnisa, S. (2020). Efektivitas pemberian ekstrak terong belanda (Solanum betaceum) terhadap peningkatan berat testis mencit (Mus musculus) yang dipapar timbal asetat. Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes, 11, 96-99.
Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), E1729. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph17051729
Xu, M., Sun, J., Wang, Q., Zhang, Q., Wei, C., & Lai, D. (2018). Chronic restraint stress induces excessive activation of primordial follicles in mice ovaries. PLoS One, 13, e0194894. https://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0194894
Zhu, H., Qian, Z., Liu, H., & Bao, E. (2016). ACTH-induced stress in weaned sows impairs LH receptor expression and steroidogenesis capacity in the ovary. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 14, 80. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-016-0214-5
Boonruamkaew, P., Sukketsiri, W., Panichayupakaranant, P., Kaewnam, W., Tanasawet, S., Tipmanee, V., Hutamekalin, P., & Chonpathompikunlert, P. (2017). Apium graveolens extract influences mood and cognition in healthy mice. Journal of Natural Medicines, 71(3), 492-505. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-017-1077-6
Cho, B. O., Che, D. N., Shin, J. Y., Kang, H. J., Kim, J. H., & Jang, S. I. (2020). Anti-obesity effects of enzyme-treated celery extract in mice fed with high-fat diet. Journal of Food and Biochemistry, 44, e13105. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.13105
Dean, M., Austin, J., Jinhong, R., Johnson, M. E., Lantvit, D. D., & Burdette, J. E. (2018) The flavonoid apigenin is a progesterone receptor modulator with in vivo activity in the uterus. Hormones and Cancer, 9, 265-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-018-0333-x
Dhama, K., Latheef, S. K., Dadar, M., Samad, H. A., Munjal, A., Khandia, R., Karthik, K., Tiwari, R., Yatoo, M. I., Bhatt, P., Chakraborty, S., Singh, K. P., Iqbal, H. M. N., Chaicumpa, W., & Joshi, S. K. (2018). Biomarkers in stress related diseases/disorders: Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic values. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 6, 91. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389%2Ffmolb.2019.00091
Dong, E., Du, H., & Gardner, L. (2020). An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time. Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5), 533-534. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS1473-3099(20)30120-1
Hayat, U., Jilani, I. M., Rehman, R., & Nadeem, F. (2015). A review on Eucalyptus globulus: A new perspective in therapeutics. International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, 8, 85-91.
Heck, A. L., & Handa, R. J. (2019). Sex differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis' response to stress: an important role for gonadal hormones. Neuropsychopharmacology, 44, 45-58. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-018-0167-9
Her, L., Kanjanasilp, J., Chaiyakunapruk, N., & Sawangjit, R. (2022). Efficacy and safety of Eucalyptus for relieving cough: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 28(3), 218-226. http://doi.org/10.1089/jicm.2021.0226
Jun, S. Y., Kang, P., Min, S. S., Lee, M. J., Kim, K. H., & Seol, H. G. (2013) Effect of Eucalyptus oil inhalation on pain and inflammatory responses after total knee replacement: Randomized clinical trial. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 13(7). http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/502727
Khairullah, A. R., Solikhah, T. I., Ansori, A. N. M., Hidayatullah, A. R., Hartadi, E. B., Ramandinianto, S. C., & Fadholly, A. (2021). Review on the pharmacological and health aspects of Apium graveolens or celery: An update. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 12, 606-612. http://dx.doi.org/10.31838/srp.2021.1.87
Kooti, W., Aliakbari, S., Asadi-Samani, M., Ghadery, H., & Ashtary-Larky, D. (2015). A review on medicinal plant of Apium graveolens. Advanced Herbal Medicine, 1(1), 48-59.
Kooti, W., Moradi, M., Peyro, K., Sharghi, M., Alamiri, F., Azami, M., Firoozbakht, M., & Ghafourian, M. (2017) The effect of celery (Apium graveolens L.) on fertility: A systematic review. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2016-0141
Landau, S., Muklada, H., Markovics, A., & Azaizeh, H. (2014). Traditional Uses of Pistacia lentiscus in Veterinary and Human Medicine. In: Yaniv, Z.; Dudai, N. editors. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the Middle-East. Med. From. Plant World. 2: Springer Netherland. 2014. p. 163-80.
Leistner, C., & Menke, A. (2020) Hypotalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and stress. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Chapter 4. 2020. Vol. 175 (3rd Series).
Li, M. Y., Hou, X. L., Wang, F., Tan, G. F., Xu, Z. S., & Xiong, A. S. (2018). Advances in the research of celery, an important Apiaceae vegetable crop. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 38(2), 172‐183. https://doi.org/10.1080/07388551.2017.1312275
Lin, W.H., Kuo, H.H., Ho, L.H., Tseng, M.L., Siao, A.C., Hung, C.T., Jeng, K.C., & Hou, C.W. (2015). Gardenia jasminoides extracts and gallic acid inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by suppression of JNK2/1 signaling pathways in BV-2 cells. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 18(6), 555-562.
Maduka I C., Neboh, I. E., & Ufelle, S. A. (2015). The relationship between serum cortisol, adrenaline, blood glucose and lipid profile of undergraduate students under examination stress. African Health Sciences, 15(1), 131-136. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v15i1.18
Mayor, E. (2015). Gender roles and traits in stress and health. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 779. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2015.00779
McEwen, B. S., Bowles, N. P., Gray, J. D., Hill, M. N., Hunter, R. G., Karatsoreos, I. N., & Nasca, C. (2015). Mechanisms of stress in the brain. Nature Neurosciences, 18(10), 1353-63. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4086
Nagella, P., Ahmad, A., Kim, S. J., & Chung, I. M. (2012). Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and larvicidal effects of essential oil from leaves of Apium graveolens. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 34(2), 205-209. https://doi.org/10.3109/08923973.2011.592534
Nakamura, T., Yoshida, N., Yamanoi, Y., Horyo, A., Tomita, H., Kuwabara, H., & Kojima, Y. (2020). Eucalyptus oil reduces allergic reactions and suppresses mast cell degranulation by downregulating IgE-FcERI signalling. Scientific Report, 10, 20940. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77039-5
Naki, Z. J., Kadium, D. A. H., & Al-Shammari, Z. M. J. (2018). Effect of alcoholic extract of celery seeds Apium graveolens on the histological characteristic ovaries of swiss rat ratus. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 11, 193-198. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00036.7
Novika, R. G. H., Santoso, B., & Widjiati, W. (2019). The effect of psychological stress on Mfp intrafollicular. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 11(5), 127-130. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s5.T0102
Pandey, A. K., Gupta, A., Tiwari, M., Prasad, S., Pandey, A. N., Yadav, P. K., Sharma, A., Sahu, K., Asrafuzzaman, S., Vengayil, D. T., Shrivastav, T. G., & Chaube, S. K. (2018). Impact of stress on female reproductive health disorders: Possible beneficial effects of shatavari (Asparagus racemosus). Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 103, 46-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.003
Pedersen, J. M., Mortensen, E. L., Christensen, D. S., Rozing, M., Brunsgaard, H., Meincke, R. H., Petersen, G. L., & Lund, R. (2018). Prenatal and early postnatal stress and later life inflammation. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 88, 158-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.12.014
Prasad, S., Tiwari, M., Pandey, A. N., Shrivastav, T. G., & Chaube, S. K. (2016). Impact of stress on oocyte quality and reproductive outcome. Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 23, 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-016-0253-4
Qabaha, K., Ras, S. A., Abbadi, J., & Al-Rimawi, F. (2016). Anti-inflammatory activity of Eucalyptus spp and Pistascia lentiscus leaf extract. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 13(5), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v13i5.1
Rafique, N., & Al-Sheikh, M. H. (2018). Prevalence of menstrual problems and their association with psychological stress in young female students studying health sciences. Saudi Medical Journal, 39(1), 67-73. https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2018.1.21438
Rastogi, S., & Haldar, C. (2020). Role of melatonin and HSF-1\HSP-70 in modulating cold stress-induced immunosuppression in a tropical rodent - Funambulus pennanti. Journal of Thermal Biology, 87, 102456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.102456
Richards, J. S., Ren, Y. A., Candelaria, N., Adams, J. E., & Rajkovic, A. (2018). Ovarian follicular theca cell recruitment, differentiation, and impact on fertility: 2017 update. Endocrine Reviews, 39, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2017-00164
Rondanelli, M., Miccono, A., Lamburghini, S., Avanzato, I., Riva, A., Allegrini, P., Faliva, M. A., Peroni, G., Nichetti, M., & Perna, S. (2018). Self-care for common colds: The pivotal role of vitamin D, vitamin C, zinc, and echinacea in three main immune interactive clusters (physical barriers, innate and adaptive immunity) involved during an episode of common colds-practical advice on dosages and on the time to take these nutrients/botanicals in order to prevent or treat common colds. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018, 5813095. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5813095
Sanfins, A., Rodrigues, P., & Albertini, D. F. (2018) GDF-9 and BMP-15 direct the follicle symphony. Journal of Assisted Reproductive and Genetics, 35, 1741-1750. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-018-1268-4
Shigemura, J., Ursano, R. J., Morganstein, J. C., Kurosawa, M., & Benedek, D. M. (2020). Public responses to the novel 2019 coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Japan: Mental health consequences and target populations. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 74(4), 281-282. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12988
Uchimura, T., Hara, S., Yazawa, T., Kamei, Y., & Kitano, T. (2019). Involvement of heat shock proteins on the transcriptional regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone in medaka. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10, 529. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389%2Ffendo.2019.00529
Valsamakis, G., Chrousos, G., & Mastorakos, G. (2019) Stress, female reproduction and pregnancy. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 100, 48-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.031
Wahidah, N. J., I’tishom, R., & Khaerunnisa, S. (2020). Efektivitas pemberian ekstrak terong belanda (Solanum betaceum) terhadap peningkatan berat testis mencit (Mus musculus) yang dipapar timbal asetat. Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes, 11, 96-99.
Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), E1729. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph17051729
Xu, M., Sun, J., Wang, Q., Zhang, Q., Wei, C., & Lai, D. (2018). Chronic restraint stress induces excessive activation of primordial follicles in mice ovaries. PLoS One, 13, e0194894. https://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0194894
Zhu, H., Qian, Z., Liu, H., & Bao, E. (2016). ACTH-induced stress in weaned sows impairs LH receptor expression and steroidogenesis capacity in the ovary. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 14, 80. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-016-0214-5
Published
2022-12-20
How to Cite
Novika, R. G. H., Wahidah, N. J., Rahmawati, N. Y., & Ansori, A. N. M. (2022). Apium graveolens and Eucalyptus globulus Decrease Stress and Protect Folliculogenesis Marker on Woman Reproductive Health during COVID-19 Pandemic. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy, 33(4), 592–601. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijp.4511
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Research Article
