Evaluation of Anticancer Bioactive Compounds and Cytotoxicity of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix Dc.) Callus Extract Post  Preservation

Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung; Sudewi  Fajarina; Beni Hendro  Prabowo; Frisca  Damayanti; Asti  Widyasari; Aries Bagus Sasongko; Ari  Indrianto; Endang Semiarti; Lisna Hidayati

doi:10.22146/ijp.1062

Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung Lab. of Biochemistry Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada
Sudewi Fajarina De Britto College Senior High School Yogyakarta
Beni Hendro Prabowo Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tidar University
Frisca Damayanti Research Center for Plant Conservation and Botanic Gardens, Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Asti Widyasari Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Aries Bagus Sasongko Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Ari Indrianto Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Endang Semiarti Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Lisna Hidayati Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Keywords: Kaffir lime callus, Preservation, Cytotoxicity, Bioactive compounds

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that kaffir lime extract is toxic to breast cancer T47D cells. To increase the bioactive compound's production for traditional cancer medicine raw material, we induce kaffir lime callus in vitro. One strategy to continuously produce kaffir lime callus is by using callus preservation. Our preliminary study used two preservation methods of callus, which are stored in 4 ⁰C with or without alginate encapsulation. However, low temperatures and alginate encapsulation can be stress factors for plants, affecting the production of bioactive compounds and their anticancer ability. This study's objective was to determine the bioactive compounds of callus with and without preservation and their effect on the cytotoxicity against cancer cells. GC-MS detected the bioactive compounds in the extract, and cytotoxicity of callus against breast cancer (T47D), and non-cancer cell (Vero) is tested using MTT method. The results showed that preservation in 4 ⁰C with and without encapsulation caused a change in bioactive compounds' profile. The change mainly precursor compound in callus, after being preserved and recultured, then changes into intermediates or final compounds, indicating the difference in growth phases. The terpenoid compounds detected after preservation are squalene and geranyl linalool. However, Kaffir lime callus extract pre and post preservation are not cytotoxic to both cancer and non-cancer cells. Therefore, the preservation method did not act as an elicitor to callus.

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