Factors Associated with the Symptom of Depression among Elderly in Indonesian Urban Areas

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.72406

haerawati Idris(1*), Shania Nursiah Hasri(2)

(1) Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University
(2) Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Depression is the most common mental disorder among the elderly, affecting approximately 7% of the global elderly population (WHO, 2017). This study aims to analyze factors influencing symptoms of depression among the elderly in urban areas of Indonesia. Adopting a quantitative cross-sectional design, the researchers scrutinized secondary data available publicly from Indonesian Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018. The data were analyzed using logistic regression statistics. We found that there are 11.2% (n=3200) of respondents who experienced symptoms of depression from 28.570 elderly in Indonesia urban areas. The bivariate results showed that gender (95% CI 1.257-1.536), history of chronic diseases (95% CI 1.834-2.242), educational status (95% CI 3.033-5.141), employment status (95% CI 1.434-1.770), marriage status (95% CI 1.134-1.391), and physical activity (95% CI 1.255-1.565) significantly correlated with the symptoms of depression among elderly. Low educational status is the most dominant variable influencing symptoms of depression in urban areas of Indonesia. Education influences individual behavior, the higher the individual's education, the higher the level of knowledge through the ability to receive and rationalize information more easily. Our result might be used in developing the educational programs as a preventive and promotive effort by the government.

Keywords


depression; elderly; mental health; symptom

Full Text:

PDF


References

Abadini, D., & Wuryaningsih, C. E. (2018). Determinan Aktivitas Fisik Orang Dewasa Pekerja Kantoran di Jakarta Tahun 2018. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 14(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.14710/jpki.14.1.15-28

Abe, Y., Fujise, N., Fukunaga, R., Nakagawa, Y., & Ikeda, M. (2012). Comparisons of the prevalence of and risk factors for elderly depression between urban and rural populations in Japan. International Psychogeriatrics, 24(8), 1235–1241. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610212000099

Aryawangsa, A. A. N., & Putu Ariastuti, N. L. (2016). Prevalensi Dan Distribusi Faktor Risiko Depresi Pada Lansia Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tampaksiring I Kabupaten Gianyar Bali 2015. Intisari Sains Medis, 7(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v7i1.7

Azevedo Da Silva, M., Singh-Manoux, A., Brunner, E. J., Kaffashian, S., Shipley, M. J., Kivimäki, M., & Nabi, H. (2012). Bidirectional association between physical activity and symptoms of anxiety and depression: the Whitehall II study. European Journal of Epidemiology, 27(7), 537–546.

Bauldry, S. (2015). Variation in the Protective Effect of Higher Education Against Depression. Society and Mental Health, 5(2), 145–161. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156869314564399

Byeon, H. (2019). Relationship between physical activity level and depression of elderly people living alone. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16204051

Cao, J., & Rammohan, A. (2016). Social capital and healthy ageing in Indonesia. (BMC Public Health), 1–14. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3257-9

Dos Santos, A. P. C., Lazzari, T. K., & Silva, D. R. (2017). Health-Related Quality of Life, Depression and Anxiety in Hospitalized Patients with Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, 80(1), 69–76. https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2017.80.1.69

Febriani, R. D. ., & Ismahmudi, R. (2020). Hubungan Penghasilan dan Status Perkawinan dengan Tingkat Depresi pada Lansia di Posyandu Lansia Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wonorejo Samarinda. Borneo Student Research, 1(2), 767–771.

Indrias, hesty destia, Malia, A., & Ambarwati, R. (2015). Hubungan antara Perubahan Fisik dan Psikologis Wanita pada Masa Menopause di Kelurahan Pucang Sawit, Kecamatan Jebres.

Jahnavi, R., Lakshmi, P., Jayanthi, S., Gangaboraiah, B., & Sanjay, T. (2014). Prevalence and factors influencing depression among elderly living in the urban poor locality of Bengaluru city. International Journal of Health & Allied Sciences, 3(2), 105. https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-344x.132695

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Laporan Nasional Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Kementerian Kesehatan RI.

Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2019). Situasi Kesehatan Jiwa di Indonesia. Infodatin. Retrieved from https://pusdatin.kemkes.go.id/resources/download/pusdatin/infodatin/InfoDatin-Kesehatan-Jiwa.pdf

Papalia, D. E., Olds, S. W., & Feldman, R. D. (2008). Human development (9th ed.). New York: Mc Graw Hill.

Popy dan Giri Widagdo. (2018). Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pada Lansia di Panti Tresna Wredha Budi Mulia 02 Cengkareng Jakarta Barat Tahun 2018.

Prabhaswari, L., & Putu Ariastuti, N. L. (2016). Gambaran Kejadian Depresi Pada Lanjut Usia Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Petang I Kabupaten Badung Bali 2015. Intisari Sains Medis, 7(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v7i1.100

Prince, M. J., Harwood, R. H., Blizard, R. A., Thomas, A., & Mann, A. H. (1997). Social support deficits, loneliness and life events as risk factors for depression in old age. The Gospel Oak Project VI. Psychological Medicine, 27(2), 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291796004485

Priyoto. (2016). Hubungan Depresi dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Lansia di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Kecamatan Selosari Kabupaten Magetan. STIKES Bhakti Husada Mulia Madiun.

Putri, Adisty Wismani, et al. (2015). Kesehatan Mental Masyarakat Indonesia (Pengetahuan, Dan Keterbukaan Masyarakat Terhadap Gangguan Kesehatan Mental). Prosiding Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(2), 252–258. https://doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v2i2.13535

Reddy, V. M., & Chandrashekar, C. R. (1998). Prevalence of mental and behavioural disorders in India: A meta-analysis. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 40(2), 149.

Ruano, P., Delgado, L. L., Picco, S., Villegas, L., Tonelli, F., Merlo, M., … Masuelli, M. (2016). Ageing Process and Physiological Changes. Intech, (tourism), 13. Retrieved from https://www.intechopen.com/books/advanced-biometric-technologies/liveness-detection-in-biometrics

Sisi, N., & Ismahudin, R. (2020). Hubungan Usia dan Jenis Kelamin dengan Tingkat Depresi pada Lansia di Posyandu Lansia Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wonorejo Samarinda. Borneo Student Research, 1(2), 895–900.

Srivastava, K. (2009). Urbanization and mental health. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 18(2), 75–76. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-6748.64028

Suardana, I. . (2011). Hubungan Faktor Sosiodemografi , Dukungan Depresi Pada Agregat Lanjut di Kecematan Karangasem Kabupaten Karangasem Bali. Tesis, 178. Retrieved from file:///D:/SKRIPSI/referensi/file.pdf diakses tanggal 16 Agustus pukul 18.59 wib

Sutinah, S., & Maulani, M. (2017). Hubungan Pendidikan, Jenis Kelamin Dan Status Perkawinan Dengan Depresi Pada Lansia. Jurnal Endurance, 2(2), 209. https://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v2i2.1931

WHO. (2017). Mental health of older adults. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-of-older-adults

Yan, X. Y., Huang, S. M., Huang, C. Q., Wu, W. H., & Qin, Y. (2011). Marital status and risk for late life depression: A meta-analysis of the published literature. Journal of International Medical Research, 39(4), 1142–1154. https://doi.org/10.1177/147323001103900402



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.72406

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 4705 | views : 6604

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Psikologi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Published by Faculty of Psychology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia Building D 6th Floor No. D-606. Jl. Sosio Humaniora No. 1, Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, 55281
Email: jurnalpsikologi@ugm.ac.id
Phone/whatsApp: +6289527548628

Web Analytics Made Easy - StatCounter View My Stats