Volatile Organic Compounds and Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts from the Leaves of  Grewia bulot

Ty Viet Pham; Duc Viet Ho; Anh Tuan Le; Y Duy Ngo; Nhan Thi Thanh Dang; Thang Quoc Le; Bao Chi Nguyen

doi:10.22146/ijc.84619

Volatile Organic Compounds and Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts from the Leaves of Grewia bulot

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.84619

Ty Viet Pham⁽¹⁾, Duc Viet Ho⁽²⁾, Anh Tuan Le⁽³⁾, Y Duy Ngo⁽⁴⁾, Nhan Thi Thanh Dang⁽⁵⁾, Thang Quoc Le⁽⁶⁾, Bao Chi Nguyen^(7*)

(1) Faculty of Chemistry, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
(2) Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
(3) Mien Trung Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam National Museum of Nature, VAST, 321 Huynh Thuc Khang Street, Thua Thien Hue 530000, Vietnam
(4) Faculty of Chemistry, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
(5) Faculty of Chemistry, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
(6) Faculty of Chemistry, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
(7) Department of Science, Technology and International Relations, Hue University, 04 Le Loi, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

This research aims to determine the volatile compounds present in Grewia bulot leaf extracts and evaluate their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. The volatile constituents of the n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts were identified by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The main compounds identified in the former were neophytadiene (18.2%), methyl palmitate (14.4%), methyl linoleate (9.7%), β-sitosterol (4.5%), and methyl stearate (3.4%), while those in the latter were palmitic acid (9.8%), hexadecane (7.4%), octadecane (6.0%), neophytadiene (5.3%), and 2-tert-butoxyethanol (5.3%). The cytotoxicities of the extracts were examined against four human cancer cell lines (SK-LU-1, Hep-G2, MCF-7, and KB), while their antioxidant activities were assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts displayed weak activity against these cancer cell lines, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 90.60 ± 3.49 to 98.27 ± 2.77 µg/mL. All extracts showed antioxidant activities, and the methanol extract exhibited the strongest at an SC₅₀ value of 9.39 ± 0.90 µg/mL. This is the first report on the volatile constituents and bioactivities of G. bulot leaf extracts, suggesting their potential application as antioxidants.

Keywords

Grewia bulot; cytotoxic; antioxidant; GC-MS; volatile compound

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.84619