Calcium Phosphate Cement Composed of Hydroxyapatite Modified Silica and Polyeugenol as a Bone Filler Material

Tri Windarti; Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya; Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana; Limpat Nulandaya

doi:10.22146/ijc.80298

Calcium Phosphate Cement Composed of Hydroxyapatite Modified Silica and Polyeugenol as a Bone Filler Material

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.80298

Tri Windarti^(1*), Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya⁽²⁾, Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana⁽³⁾, Limpat Nulandaya⁽⁴⁾

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
(4) Center for Progressive Materials-Technology and Innovation Park, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik, 04001 Košice, Slovakia; Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

A composite of hydroxyapatite modified silica (HASiO₂) and 10% (w/w) polyeugenol (PE) was synthesized to produce a calcium phosphate cement with antibacterial activity. The compatibility of the composite (HASiO₂_PE) with bone filler requirements was determined due to its crystal, surface, antibacterial, and cytocompatibility properties. The results showed that compositing HASiO₂ and PE did not affect HA's chemical dan crystal properties. The presence of PE changed HASiO₂ morphology to be coarser and denser than before composited. PE tends to agglomerate but does not affect the hydrophilicity of HASiO₂. The presence of PE increased the surface area and total pore volume but lowered the average pore size. Different from pure PE, the composite of HASiO₂_PE that contains of 10% PE has higher antibacterial activity toward Escherichia coli than Staphylococcus aureus. The composite is biocompatible because the cytotoxicity test toward pre-osteoblast cells resulted in an IC₅₀ of 2092 μg/mL. Thus, due to its chemical, surface, antibacterial, and cytocompatibility properties, the HASiO₂_PE composite can be recommended as a bone filler material.

Keywords

antibacterial; bone; calcium phosphate cement; hydroxyapatite; polyeugenol

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.80298