Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Bentonite Composite and Its Application as a Lead(II) Ion Adsorbent

Bartholomeus Lavelim; Lia Destiarti; Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman; Risya Sasri

doi:10.22146/ijc.67993

Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Bentonite Composite and Its Application as a Lead(II) Ion Adsorbent

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.67993

Bartholomeus Lavelim⁽¹⁾, Lia Destiarti^(2*), Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman⁽³⁾, Risya Sasri⁽⁴⁾

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tanjungpura, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78114, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tanjungpura, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78114, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tanjungpura, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78114, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
(4) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Tanjungpura, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78114, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The use of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as an adsorbent has challenges to overcome. Although rGO has a large surface area, its solubility in water is very low. In this study, bentonite is added to reduce the use of rGO mass and increase the dispersibility of the adsorbent. The rGO-bentonite (rGOB) was characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, and XRF. The adsorption activity was tested in a Pb ion solution, derived from AAS. The XRD pattern of GO, rGO, and rGOB of 2q were observed at 10.90°, 24.88°, and 26.66°, respectively. The FTIR spectrum showed that GO has C=C, C-O, C=O, and O-H, while in rGO, C=O disappears, and there was a significant decrease in the O-H and C-O peaks. The rGOB has identical spectra with rGO and yet has an additional peak from bentonite O-Si-O. The GO and rGO form agglomerate while rGOB looks more dispersed. The C/O ratio increases from GO to rGO because of the reduction process. The bentonite is Ca-bentonite with main components Al₂O₃, SiO₂, and CaO. The results showed that the rGOB composite could reduce the use of rGO by up to 80% and have an adsorption performance similar to rGO with an adsorption capacity of 217 mg/g.

Keywords

adsorption; bentonite; lead; reduced graphene oxide; reduced graphene oxide-bentonite

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.67993