Preparation of Ammonia Dealuminated Metakaolinite and Its Adsorption against Bixin

Winda Rahmalia; Jean-Francois Fabre; Thamrin Usman; Zéphirin Mouloungui

doi:10.22146/ijc.44706

Preparation of Ammonia Dealuminated Metakaolinite and Its Adsorption against Bixin

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.44706

Winda Rahmalia⁽¹⁾, Jean-Francois Fabre⁽²⁾, Thamrin Usman^(3*), Zéphirin Mouloungui⁽⁴⁾

(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78124, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
(2) Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSIACET, Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France
(3) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University, Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Pontianak 78124, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
(4) Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSIACET, Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle (LCA), 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR 1010 CAI, F-31030 Toulouse, France
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

This study aims to prepare dealuminated metakaolinite which has a high surface area by using NH₄OH as an activator. The natural kaolinite sample was treated at 600 °C for 6 h in order to obtain metakaolinite. A dealuminated metakaolinite was then prepared by the repeated activation method using concentrated ammonia (5 M NH₄OH) at room temperature. Depending on the nature of each type of material, natural kaolinite, NH₄OH treated kaolinite, metakaolinite and NH₄OH treated metakaolinite were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET-N₂) measurements. XRD and FTIR results confirmed that structural transformation from kaolinite to metakaolinite had occurred. According to SEM-EDS data, the activation of metakaolinite by NH₄OH allowed the dealumination of metakaolinite. The increase in the Si/Al ratio was almost twice as high as in kaolinite. BET-N₂ analysis showed that the specific surface area and the total pore volume increased significantly after activation. Its adsorption properties were tested against bixin. Bixin adsorption on dealuminated metakaolinite followed pseudo-second order kinetic where k₂ = 0.20 g/mg min. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model where qm = 0.72 mg/g.

Keywords

ammonia; adsorption; bixin; metakaolinite

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.44706