Synthesis and Certification of Lanthanum Oxide Extracted from Monazite Sand

Samin Samin; Suyanti Suyanti; Susanna Tuning Sunanti; Wisnu Ari Adi

doi:10.22146/ijc.44327

Synthesis and Certification of Lanthanum Oxide Extracted from Monazite Sand

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.44327

Samin Samin^(1*), Suyanti Suyanti⁽²⁾, Susanna Tuning Sunanti⁽³⁾, Wisnu Ari Adi⁽⁴⁾

(1) Department of Process Technology, Center for Science and Accelerator Technology BATAN, Jl. Babarsari, Kotak Pos 6101 ykbb, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(2) Department of Process Technology, Center for Science and Accelerator Technology BATAN, Jl. Babarsari, Kotak Pos 6101 ykbb, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(3) Department of Process Technology, Center for Science and Accelerator Technology BATAN, Jl. Babarsari, Kotak Pos 6101 ykbb, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(4) Department of Science and Advanced Materials, Center for Science and Technology of Advanced Materials BATAN, Kawasan PUSPITEK, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, 15310, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Synthesis and certification of lanthanum oxide extracted from monazite sand have been carried out. This research aimed to increase the added value of monazite sand and obtain the lanthanum oxide in-house certified reference material (CRM). Synthesis of lanthanum oxide consists of several stages, namely: monazite sand digestion, rare-earth elements hydroxide [REE(OH)₃] precipitation, Ce separation, Nd separation, lanthanum oxalate precipitation, and calcination. Certification of lanthanum oxide was carried out by determining the average concentration of the oxides and its uncertainty from the seven accredited laboratories by the ISO 35-2006 statistical method. Two other minerals in the lanthanum oxide analyzed by the XRD method were cerium hydroxide [Ce(OH)₃] and neodymium yttrium oxide fluoride (Nd₂Y₂O₃F₁₆). Lanthanum oxide certified contains ten oxides, with the two highest concentrations of La₂O₃ (91.662 ± 0.007)% and Nd₂O₃ (3.949 ± 0.002)%. Lanthanum oxide has met the qualification in-house CRM since it contained water less than 1%, was homogeneous, stable, and certified. La₂O₃ concentration in the lanthanum oxide in-house CRM from CSAT-BATAN, Indonesia was not significantly different in comparison to that from the Department of Chemical Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand. Lanthanum oxide extracted from monazite sand can be used as reference material in determining the lanthanum oxide quality from the pilot plant process.

Keywords

synthesis; certification; lanthanum oxide; monazite sand

Full Text:

Full Text PDF Full Text PDF-Suppl. Data

References

[1] Guimarães, E.F., do Rego, E.C.P., Cunha, H.C.M., Rodrigues, J.M., and Figueroa-Villar, J.D., 2014, Certified reference material for traceability in environmental analysis: PAHs in toluene, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 25 (2), 351–360.

[2] Quan, C., Yao, H., and Hou, C., 2013, Certification and uncertainty evaluation of flavonoids certified reference materials, Agric. Sci., 4 (9B), 89–96.

[3] Samin, and Sunanti, S.T., 2018, Analysis methods for development of certified reference materials (CRM) zircon minerals synthesis, Indones. J. Chem., 18 (3), 448–456.

[4] Satusinprasert, P., Suwanmance, U., and Rattanaphra, D., 2015, Separation of light and middle-heavy rare earth from nitrate medium by liquid-liquid extraction, Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.), 49 (1), 155–163.

[5] Karthikeyan, S., and Selvapandiyan, M., 2017, Synthesis of nanocrystalline lanthanum oxide La₂O₃ powder at reflux routes, Int. J. Comput. Sci. Commun. Netw., 7 (3), 70–78.

[6] Lim, S.R., Lee, S.D., Kim, H.S., Simanjuntak, F.S.H., and Lee, H., 2014, Lanthanum oxide–catalyzed transesterification of dimethyl carbonate with glycerol: Effect of surfactant, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 35 (11), 3163–3168.

[7] Ammary, E., and Kangarlou, H., 2016, Investigation of the optical properties of lanthanum oxide, using density functional theory and LSDA and WC approximations, Int. J. Pharm. Res. Allied Sci., 5 (2), 436–441.

[8] Saravani, H., and Khajehali, M., 2016, Synthesis and characterization of lanthanum oxide and lanthanum oxide carbonate nanoparticles from thermalizes of La(acacen)(NO₃) (H₂O) complex, Orient. J. Chem., 31 (4), 2351–2357.

[9] Shah, M.S., and Jan, G.M., 2016, Lanthanum oxide nanoparticles synthesis and their luminescent property, Indo Am. J. Pharm. Sci., 3 (1), 81–85.

[10] Hastiawan, I., Firmansyah, F., Juliandri, Rakhmawaty, D., and Noviyanti, A.R., 2016, Pemisahan lanthanum dari limbah hasil pengolahan timah dengan menggunakan metode pengendapan bertingkat, Chimica et Natura Acta, 4 (2), 93–96.

[11] Xue, S., Wu, W., Bian, X., Wang, Z., and Yang, Z., 2014, Synthesis of lanthanum oxide using lanthanum chloride by hydrogen-oxygen flame pyrolysis route, Appl. Mech. Mater., 633-634, 499–503.

[12] Bahri, C.N.A.C.Z., Al-Areqi, W.M., Ab Majid, A., and Mohd Ruf, M.I.F., 2016, Production of rare earth elements from Malaysian monazite by selective precipitation, Malays. J. Anal. Sci., 20 (1), 44–50.

[13] Purwani, M.V., and Suyanti, 2005, Pengaruh HNO₃ dan KBrO₃ pada pembuatan konsentrat Ce, La dan Nd dari pasir monasit, Prosiding PPI-PDIPTN 2005, 194–202.

[14] Rodliyah, I., Rochani, S., and Wahyudi, T., 2015, Extraction of rare earth metals from monazite mineral using the acid method, Indones. Min. J., 18 (1), 39–45.

[15] Gong, N., Guo, Y., Yang, N., Gao, Z., Du, G., and Lu, Y., 2012, Preparation and characterization of new certified reference material of puerarin (GBW09511), Anal. Methods, 4 (10), 3443–3447.

[16] Samin, Sunanti, S.T., and Setiawan, K., 2018, The synthesis and certification of in-house monazite sand certified reference materials, AIP Conf. Proc., 2014, 020148.

[17] Tar, A.T., Myo, T.Z., Hlaing, T.M., and Win, B.B.M., 2017, Study on the processing of rare earth oxide from monazite, Mongmit Myitsone region, ASRJETS, 27 (1), 43–51.

[18] Samin, Suyanti, and Sunanti, S.T., 2018, The synthesis and certification of cerium oxide certified reference materials (CRM) as a processed result of monazite sand, AIP Conf. Proc., 2014, 020049.

[19] Purwani, M.V., Trinopiawan, K., Poernomo, H., Suyanti, Pusporini, N.D., and Amiliana, R.A., 2019, Separation of Ce, La and Nd rare-earth hydroxide (REOH) by oxidation with potassium permanganate and precipitation, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 1198 (3), 032003.

[20] Purwani, M.V., Triyono, Suprihati, Sudibyo, R., and Suyanti, 2018, Pemisahan lantanum, cerium dan neodimium melalui dekomposisi termal dan leaching memakai HNO₃ encer, Prosiding PPI–PDIPTN 2018, 171–1778.

[21] Pusporini, N.D., Suyanti, Amiliana, R.A., and Poernomo, H., 2020, Processing, and refining of tin tailing mining, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 1436, 012136.

[22] Lerdtrakulwong, O., Prucksawan, E., Suwanmanee, U., and Rattanaphra, D., 2013, Synthesis of lanthanum oxide powder by precipitation method, Burapha University International Conference, Pattaya, Thailand, 4-6 July 2013.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.44327