Adsorption of β-Carotene in Isopropyl Alcohol with Decolorized Activated Carbon as Model for β-Carotene Adsorption in Crude Palm Oil

Maria Ulfah; Sri Raharjo; Pudji Hastuti; Purnama Darmadji

doi:10.22146/ijc.23637

Adsorption of β-Carotene in Isopropyl Alcohol with Decolorized Activated Carbon as Model for β-Carotene Adsorption in Crude Palm Oil

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.23637

Maria Ulfah^(1*), Sri Raharjo⁽²⁾, Pudji Hastuti⁽³⁾, Purnama Darmadji⁽⁴⁾

(1) Department of Agricultural Technology, Institute of Agriculture STIPER, Jl. Nangka II, Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman 55282
(2) Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(3) Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(4) Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The objective of this research was to characterize the porosity of decolorized activated carbon (DAC) and its ability to adsorb β-carotene as a preliminary study to characterize activated carbon as an adsorbent to adsorb carotene from crude palm oil. The capability of DAC to adsorb β-carotene was studied using isopropyl alcohol as a solvent in equilibrium conditions. The adsorption time was specified for 0.5 to 60 min, while the DAC optimum concentration for adsorption of β-carotene was determined at a concentration of 0.5 to 2.5%. Adsorption isotherm study was conducted for a β-carotene concentration of 100 to 500 ppm and at temperatures of 30, 40 and 50 °C at equilibrium time and DAC optimum concentration. The results showed that the DAC had a surface area of 1068.391 m²/g, total pore volume of 0.952 cc/g, mesopore volume of 0.528 cc/g (55.4%) and mesopore radius of 15.26 Å. Based on the levels of β-carotene adsorbed onto the DAC, the equilibrium was reached after adsorption of 5 min. Decolorized activated carbon with a concentration of 1.5% was able to adsorb β-carotene optimally. Adsorption of β-carotene at 40 °C for 60 min according to Freundlich models with the intensity of adsorption of 1.002 and adsorption capacity of 63.358 L/mg. While the adsorption of β-carotene at 50 °C for 60 min in accordance with the model of Langmuir, the adsorption capacity of 33.206 mg/g and the Langmuir adsorption equilibrium constant of 1.721 L/mg.

Keywords

β-carotene; decolorized activated carbon; porosity; adsorption isotherm

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.23637