Preparation and Antibacterial Properties of Composite Films Based on PVA and Chitosan Combined with Melanin Nanoparticles

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.107680

Zainal Mustakim(1), Agus Prasetya(2), Joko Wintoko(3), Fanny Sakinah(4), Abdul Rahman Siregar(5), Zahrul Mufrodi(6), Pandji Prawisudha(7), Kun Sri Budiasih(8), Chandra Wahyu Purnomo(9*)

(1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik, Jl. Sumatera No. 101, Gresik 61121, Indonesia
(2) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(4) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(5) Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(6) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Jl. Jend. Ahmad Yani, Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta 55191, Indonesia
(7) Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
(8) Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jl. Colombo No. 1, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(9) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Developing biodegradable films with antimicrobial properties is essential for advancing sustainable packaging and biomedical applications. In this study, PVA/chitosan composite films were successfully fabricated and reinforced with melanin nanoparticles (MNPs) derived from black soldier fly (BSF) pupae waste to enhance their functional performance. The films were prepared using solution casting with varying concentrations of MNPs (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% w/w). FTIR analysis confirmed molecular interactions between the polymer matrix and melanin, while degradation tests showed enhanced stability due to melanin’s hydrophobicity and antioxidant properties. Incorporating melanin significantly improved the films' structural integrity, surface morphology, and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings highlight the potential of PVA–chitosan–melanin composite films as promising candidates for active food packaging and biomedical applications, combining biodegradability with enhanced functional performance derived from sustainable BSF-based materials.


Keywords


antibacterial activity; BSF; chitosan; melanin nanoparticles; polyvinyl alcohol

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.107680

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