Impact of Using Hermetic Packaging and Preservative on Physical Properties of Rice Bran During Storage

Muhammad Ridla; Maria Rosalia Bengang Sabaleku; Nahwori Nahwori

doi:10.21059/buletinpeternak.v47i1.76880

Impact of Using Hermetic Packaging and Preservative on Physical Properties of Rice Bran During Storage

https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v47i1.76880

Muhammad Ridla^(1*), Maria Rosalia Bengang Sabaleku⁽²⁾, Nahwori Nahwori⁽³⁾

(1) Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Center for Tropical Animal Studies (CENTRAS), IPB University, Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, 16153, Indonesia
(2) Study Program Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
(3) Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Center for Tropical Animal Studies (CENTRAS), IPB University, Kampus IPB Baranangsiang, 16153, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Rice bran is one of the feed ingredients used in various types of animal rations in Indonesia. In addition to containing anti-nutrients, rice bran has also a low storability. This research was conducted to study the impact of using hermetic packaging and a preservative containing calcium propionate (ProsidTM MI 208) application on the physical properties of rice bran during storage. The factorial completely randomized design (CRD), 3 x 4 with 4 replications was applied. The first factor was storage time 0 (W0), 30 (W30), and 60 (W60) days; the second factor was burlap sack + 0 ppm calcium propionate (P1), burlap sack + 160 ppm calcium propionate (P2), hermetic sack + 0 ppm calcium propionate (P3), and hermetic sack + 160 ppm calcium propionate (P4). The variables measured were moisture content (MC), bulk density (BD), tapped density (TD) dan true density (TDS). The obtained data were analyzed using if there was a significant difference, followed by Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that storage time significantly (P<0.05) increased the MC and decreased the BD, TD, and TDS values. The increasing MC and the decreasing BD, TD, and TDS values of the rice bran during storage were higher (P<0.05) in the burlap sakcs than in the hermetic sacks packaging both with and without the addition of calcium propionate. The combination of using hermetic sacks with the application of calcium propionate could further increase to maintain of the physical properties of rice bran from the damage. The use of a hermetic sack and the application of calcium propionate could maintain the quality of rice bran and increase the resistance of rice bran to damage during 60 days of storage.

Keywords

Calcium propionate; Hermetic sack; Physical properties; Rice bran

Full Text:

PDF

References

Adisti, R. A. Z., I. Wijayanti and Y. Retnaini. 2021. Perbandingan umur simpan bahan pakan ternak yang ditambahkan pengawet asam propionat dengan model persamaan Arrhenius. Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara 7: 89-95. https://doi:10.30997/jpn.v7i2.4571

Akbar, M. R. L., D. M. Suci and I. Wijayanti. 2017. Evaluasi kualitas pellet pakan itik yang disuplementasi tepung daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) dan disimpan selama 6 minggu. Buletin Ilmu Makanan Ternak 104: 31-48.

Akbarillah, T., Hidayat and K. Tuti. 2007. Kualitas dedak dari berbagai varietas padi di Bengkulu Utara. J. Sain Peternakan Indonesia 2: 36-41. https://doi:10.31186/jspi.id.2.1.36-41.

AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 2005. Official Methods of Analyses (17 th ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC.

Amidon, G. E., P. J. Meyer, and D. M. Mudie. 2017. Particle, powder, and compact characterization. Yihong et al. (eds). In: Developing Solid Oral Dosage Forms (Second Edition). Academic Press. Pp: 271 293. https://doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-802447-8.00010-8.

Ardiansyah, M. 2012. Kajian Masa Simpan dan Kualitas Dedak Sebagai Bagian dalam Prosedur Penanganan Bahan Baku Pakan. Balai Besar Pengembangan Teknologi Tepat Guna. LIPI, Subang.

Astawan, M. and A. E. Febrinda. 2010. Potensi dedak dan bekatul beras sebagai Ingredient pangan dan produk pangan fungsional. J. Pangan 19: 14-21. https://doi: 10.33964/jp. v19i1.104.

Azis, F. A., Liman and Y. Widodo. 2014. Potensi limbah padi sebagai pakan sapi bali di Desa SukoharjoII Kecamatan Sukoharjo Kabupaten Pringsewu. J. Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu 2: 1-5. https://doi:10.23960/jipt. v2i1.p%25p.

Booroto, L. A., G. Nureny, and H. N. Saartje. 2017. Populasi Imago S. Oryzae (coleopteran: Curculionidae) pada beberapa jenis beras asal desa Waimital Kecamatan Kairatu. J. Budidaya Pertan 13: 36-41. https://doi:10.30598/jbdp.2017.13.1.36

De Groote, H., S. C. Kimenju, P. Likhayo, F. Kanampiu, T. Tefera, and J. Hellin. 2013. Effectiveness of hermetic systems in controlling maize storage pests in Kenya, J. Stored Prod. Res. 53: 27-36. https://doi: 10.1016/j.jspr.01.001.

Destiana, I. D. 2016. pengaruh beberapa kemasan plastik terhadap kualitas benih kedelai selama penyimpanan. J. Keteknikan Pertanian 4: 45-52.https://doi:10.19028/ jtep.04.1.%25p

Dewayani, W., Arafah, N. Razak and A. Darmawidah. 2013. Efek jenis kemasan terhadap kualitas gabah dan beras varietas Cigeulis. J. Pengkaj. Pengemb. Teknol. Pertan. 16: 8-19.

Dharmaputra, O. S., H. Halid, and S. Sunjaya. 2014. Serangan Tribolium castaneum pada beras di penyimpanan dan pengaruhnya terhadap serangan cendawan dan susut bobot. J. Fitopatologi Indonesia 10: 126-132. https://doi: 10.14692/jfi.10.4.126.

Dijkink, B., J. Browze, and M. Vollebregt. 2022. Hermetic bags for the storage of maize: perspectives on economics, food security and greenhouse gas emissions in different sub-saharan African Countries. Front. Sustain. Food Syst. 6: 767089. https://doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.767089

Dwinarto, B., D. Haryanti and S. Utomo. 2018. Pengaruh jenis kemasan dan waktu penyimpanan pada pakan broiler starter terhadap kadar air dan proten kasar. J. Konversi. 7: 9-16. https://doi:10.24853/ konversi.7.2.8

Ferdian, F., W. El Kiyat, and L. V. Putri. 2019. Perubahan kadar air dan mikrobiologi bubur instan selama penyimpanan dengan variasi kondisi pre-packing. J. Konversi. 8: 17-32. https://doi:10.24853/konversi.8.1.16

Haines, C. P. 1991. Beetles and Arachnids of Tropical Stored Products: Their Biology and Identification (A training manual). Second Ed. Natural Resources Institute, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom.

Imdad, H. P. and A. A. Nawangsih. 1999. Menyimpan Bahan Pangan. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.

Harris, R. S. and E. Karnas. 1989. Evaluasi Nilai Gizi pada Pengolahan Bahan Pangan. ITB Pres, Bandung.

Jaelani, A., S. Dharmawati, and Wacahyono. 2016. Tumpukan dan lama masa simpan pakan pelet terhadap kualitas fisik. Ziraa’ah. 41: 261-268. https://doi:10.31602/zmip.v41i2. 429.

Jonfia-Essien, W. A., S. Navarro, and J. V. Dator. 2008: Effectiveness of hermetic storage in insect control and quality preservation of cocoa beans in Ghana. Proceedings of the 8 th International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Stored Products. pp. 305-310. Sichuan Publishing Group, Sichuan, China.

Joris, L., S. Fredriksz and F. I. Siyono. 2021. Pengaruh ekstrak daun cengkeh (Syzygum Aromatic) terhadap kualitas dedak padi selama penyimpanan. J. Hutan Pulau-Pulau 5: 225–232. https://doi:10.30598/jhppk.2021.5.2.225.

Julianti, E. and M. Nurminah. 2006. Buku Ajar Teknologi Pengemasan. Universitas Sumatera Utara Press, Medan.

Kamsiati, E. D. Emmy, and H. Yadi. 2013. Screening varietas lokal Kalimantan Tengah terhadap serangan S. Oryzae selama penyimpanan. J. Pangan 22: 345- 356. https://doi:10.33964/jp.v22i2.82

Khalil. 1999. Pengaruh kandungan air dan ukuran partikel terhadap perubahan perilaku sifat fisik bahan pakan lokal. Media Peternakan 22: 33-42.

Kusumegi, K., H. Yoshida, and S. Tomiyama. 1998. Inhibitory effects of acetic acid on respiration and growth of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. J. Fermen. Bioeng. 85: 213-217. https://doi:10.1016/ S0922-338X(97)86770-0.

Laylah, N. and Samsuadi. 2014. Studi lama pemyimpanan gabah organik terhadap mutu beras organik di PPLH Seloliman Mojokerto. J. Galung Tropika. 3: 89-96. https://doi: 10.31850/jgt.v3i2.81.

Mahanani, A. U. and Inrianti. 2021. Perbandingan tumpukan beras Bulog terhadap populasi kutu beras (Sitophilus oryzae L.) dan mutu beras selama masa simpan di Kabupaten Jayawijaya. J. Ilm. Pertan. 17: 86-92. https://doi:10.31849/jip.v17i2.5191.

Manueke, J., M. Tulung, and J. Mamahit. 2015. Biologi Sitophilus Oryzae dan Sitophilus Zeamais (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) pada beras dan jagung Pipilan. Eugenia. 21: 20-31. https://doi:10.35791/Eug.21.1.2015.11802.

Mila, J. R. and I. M. A. Sudarma. 2021. Analisis kandungan nutrisi dedak padi sebagai pakan ternak dan pendapatan usaha penggilingan padi di Umalulu, Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Bul. Pet. Trop. 2: 90-97. https://doi: 10.31186/bpt.2.2.90-97.

Mulyawan, I. B., B. R. Handayani, B. Dipokusumo, W. Werdiningsih, and S. AI. 2019. The effect of packaging technique and types of packaging on the quality and shelf life of yellow seasoned pindang fish. J. Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia. 22:464-475. https://doi:10.17844/jphpi.v22i3.28926.

NCBI. 2022. National center for biotechnology information. Pubchem Compound Summary for CID 19999, Calcium propionate. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Calcium-propionate. Accessed 26 December 2022.

Nurrahman. 2005. Susut bobot beras selama penyimpanan karena respirasi. J. Litbang UMS. 2: 54-63. https://jurnal.unimus.ac. id/index.php/LITBANG/article/view/279

Permana, A. D., R. Wiradimadja, and Hernaman. 2012. Pengaruh penggunaan ekstrak daun nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) terhadap pengendalian kumbang (Tribolium castaneum). ISTEK. 6: 144-150. https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/istek/ article/view/297

Pires, E. M., R. M. Nogueira, L. R. D. A. Faroni, M. A. Soares, and M. A. Oliveira. 2019. Biological and Reproductive Parameters of Tribolium castaneum in Brazil Nut. Florida Entomol. 102: 76-78. https://doi:10.1653/ 024.102.0111.

Pongsavee, M. 2019. Effects of 3300 del A-1061 Ter BRCA1 frameshift mutation and calcium propionate on oxidative stress and breast carcinogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Epidemiol. Genet. 10: 47–52.

Pratiwi, N. P. E and K. D. Ananda. 2021. Pengaruh suhu terhadap mortalitas serangga hama gudang Cryptolestes ferrugineusStephens pada incubator. J. Agroekotek. 14: 66-71. https://doi: 10.21107/agrovigor.v14i1.9087

Rachmat, R. 2008. Teknologi penyimpanan gabah secara hermetik untuk menekan susut kualitas dan kuantitas. J. Pangan. 17: 81-89. https://doi: 10.33964/jp.v17i2.256.

Ralahalu, T. N., S. Fredriksz, and S. Tipka. 2020. Kualitas fisik dan kimia dedak padi yang disimpan menggunakan tepung kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana linn) pada level berbeda. Agrinimal. 8: 81-87. https://doi: 10.30598/ajitt.2020.8.2.81-87.

Ramahariah, M., F. Fathul, and Liman. 2013. Identifikasi kualitas dedak yang disimpam dalam berbagai jenis kemasan. J. Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu 1: 32-37. https://doi:10.23960/jipt.v1i2.p%25p.

Rimbing, S. C. 2015. Keanekaragaman jenis serangga hama pasca panen pada beberapa makanan ternak di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow. J. Zootek. 35: 164-177. https://doi:10.35792/zot.35.1.2015.7225.

Syarief, R. and H. Halid. 1993. Teknologi Penyimpanan Pangan. Arcan. Kerjasama dengan Pusat Antar Universitas Pangan dan Gizi IPB, Jakarta.

Soekarna, D. 1982. Hubungan Perkembangan Populasi Kumbang Callosobruchus Analis F (Coleoptera : Bruchidae) dengan Kerusakan dan Penyusutan Bobot Biji Kacang – Kacangan. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pangan, Bogor.

Soekartawi. 1989. Komoditi Serat Karung di Indonesia. Universitas Indonesia Press, Jakarta.

Sreeramoju, P., M. S. K. Prasad, and V. Lakshmipathi. 2016. Complete study of life cycle of Tribolium castaneum and its weight variations in the developing stages. Inter. J. Plant. Anim. Environ. Sci. 6: 95-100.

Stratford, M., C. Vallières, I. A. Geoghegan, D. B. Archer, and S. V. Avery. 2020. The Preservative Sorbic Acid Targets Respiration, Explaining the Resistance of Fermentative Spoilage Yeast Species. 5: 00273-20. https://doi:10.1128/mSphere.00273-20

Sutrisno, A. B., F. Fathul, and R. Sutrisna. 2013. Penggunaan arang kayu dan arang batok kelapa terhadap kualitas organoleptik, kadar air, ketengikan dan kadar lemak dedak padi yang disimpan selama 4 minggu. JIIP. 1: 12-18. https://doi:10.23960/jipt.v1i2.p%25p.

Sutrisno and E. G. M. Purwanto. 2011. Kajian penyimpanan buah naga (Hylocereus costaricensis) dalam kemesan atmosfer termodifikasi. J. Keteknikan Pertan. 25:127-132. https://doi.org/10.19028/jtep. 025.2.%25p

SNI (Standar Nasional Indonesia). 1996. Dedak Padi/Bahan Baku Pakan Nomor 01-3178-1996/Rev.92. Dewan Standardisasi Nasional Indonesia, Jakarta.

Tumuluru, J. S., C. T. Wright, J. R. Hess, and K. L. Kenney. 2011. A review of biomass densification systems to develop uniform feedstock commodities for bioenergy application. Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining. 5: 683-707. https://doi:10.1002/bbb.324.

Untung, K. 1993. Pengantar Pengelolaan Hama Terpadu. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.

Utama, C. S., Zupizal, C. Hanim, and Wihandoyo. 2019. Pengaruh lama pemanasan terhadap kualitas kimia wheat pollard yang berpotensi sebagai prebiotik. J. Apl. Teknol. Pangan. 8: 113-122. https://doi: 10.17728/ jatp.5262

Weinberg, Z. G, Y. Yan, Y. Chen, S. Finkelman, G. Ashbell, and S. Navarro. 2008. The effect of moisture level on high-moisture maize (Zea mays) under hermetic storage conditions – in vitro studies. J. Stored. Prod. 44: 136-144. https://doi:10.1016/j.jspr.2007.08.006

Yewle, N. R., K. C. Swain, S. Mann, and D. S. Dhakre. 2021. Evaluating of hermetic bags for long-term storage of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizomes. J. Stor. Prod. Res. 9: 101806. https://doi:10.1016/j.jspr.2021.101806.

Yoshihara, T., K. Sogawa, M. D. Pathak, B. O. Juliano, and S. Sakamura. 1980. Oxalic acid as a sucking inhibitor of the brown planthopper in rice (Delphacidae, Homoptera). Entomologia Experimentalism Et Applicata 27: 149-155. https://doi:10.1111/J.1570-7458.1980.Tb02959.X.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v47i1.76880