The Adaptation of Small Intestine Nitregic Myenteric Neurons on Rats (Rattus norvegicus) to High Fat Diet
Amelia Hana(1*), Sarmin Sarmin(2), Claude Mona Airin(3), Christin Marganingsih Santosa(4), Pudji Astuti(5)
(1) Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
(3) Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
(4) Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
(5) Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
High fat diet can result in the loss of nitrergic neurons in the myenteric plexus. The study aimed at finding out the effect of high fat diet on the adaptation of nitrergic nerve of rat intestine. It used 15 male rats (Rattus norvegicus) of a month of age with mean body weight of 53.73 gr. The rats were adapted for 7 days to individual cages with ad libitum feeding. After random adaptation, all of the rats were assigned to 3 groups of five rats, namely K-7, K-10, and K-13 groups. Feed and drinking water were given ad libitum. The treatment of the high fat diet lasted for 7 weeks. After the treatment, all of the rats were fasted for 12 hours and then killed. Subsequently, small intestine segments (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) were taken. The intestinal segments were prepared by using NADPH-d histopathological technique to determine the morphometric changes of nitrergic myenteric neurons. During the treatment the rats were weighed every week and at the end of the study orbitalis vein blood measurement was carried out to see its glucose, cholesterol and cholecystokinin (CCK) plasma levels. The data of body weight, glucose, cholesterol, CCK levels, the total number of the nippergenic myenteric segments of the small intestine were statistically analyzed using Anova. The results of the study showed that the treatment of 7% to 13% fat diets for 7 weeks did not indicate any weight gain and any increase in cholescystokinin level, and any decrease in glucose level. However, it indicated significant increase in cholesterol level. The treatment of 10% and13% fat diets increased the total number of neurons in the jejunum and the ileum. Thus, it was concluded that the treatments of the high-fat diet of the rats (K-7, K-10, and K-13) for 7 weeks had significant effect on the adaptation of the neurons of the jejunum and the ileum.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aube, A. C., J. Cabarrocas, J. Bauer, D. Philippe, P. Aubert, F. Doulay, R. Liblau, J. P. Galmiche, dan M. Neunlist. 2006. Changes in enteric neurone phenotype and intestinal functions in a transgenic mouse model of enteric glia discruption. J. Neurogastroenterol. 55: 630-637.
Bartho, L. and R. A. Lefebvre. 1995. Nitric oxide-mediated contraction in enteric smooth muscle. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn Ther. 329: 53-66.
Brookes, S. J. 1993. Neuronal nitric oxide in the GUT. J. Gastroenterol Hepatol. 8: 590-603.
Cheung, G. W., A. Kokorovic, C. K. Lam, M. Chari, and T. K. Lam. 2009. Intestinal cholecyctokinin controls glucose production through a neuronal network. J. Cell Metab. 10: 99-109.
Cunningham, J. G. 2002. Textbook of veterinary physiology. 3rd edn. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, London, Toronto.
Grider, J. R. 2003. Neurotransmitters mediating the intestinal peristaltic reflex in the mouse. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 307: 460-467.
Herdt, T. 2002. Gastrointestinal physiology and metabolism In textbook of veterinary physiology. 3rd edn. W.B. Saunders Company. Philadelphia, London, New York, Toronto.
Lee, H. S., Y. S. Nam. 2006. Immunohistochemical localization of calcium binding proteins and some neurotransmitters in myenteric plexus of goat stomach. J. Vet. Sci. 7: 315-319.
Lefebvre, A. 1995. Nitric oxide in the peripheral nervous system. Ann Med. 27: 379-88.
Moraes, J. C., A. Coope, J. Morari, D. E. Cintra, E. A. Roman, J. R. Pauli, T. Romanatto, J. B. Carvalheira, A. L. R. Oliveira, M. J. Saad, A. Licio, and L. A. Velloso. 2009. High-fat diet induces apoptosis of hypothalamic neurons. PLoS ONE 4e5045. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005045.
Natali, M. R. M. M. H. Miranda-Neto, and A. Marcos. 2003. Morphometry and quantification of the myenteric neurons of the duodenum of adult rats fed with hypoproteic chow, J. Morphol. 21: 273-277.
Natali, M. R. M., S.L. Molinari, L. C. Valentini, dan M. H. D. M. Neto. 2005. Morphoquantitative evaluation of the duodenal myenteric neuronal population inrats fed with hypoproteic ration. J. Biocell 29: 39-46.
Neunlist, M., P. Aubert, C. Toquet, C. T. Oreshkova, J. Barouk, P. A. Lehur, M. Schemann, and J. P. Galmiche. 2003. Changes in chemical coding of myenteric neurones in ulcerative colitis. J. Gut. 52: 84-90.
Oliveira, J. M. A. and J. Gonçalves. 2010. Guanylate cyclase regulates ileal longitudinal muscle contractions induced by neurogenic nitrergic activity in the rat. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 37: 375-377. http://doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05271.x; PMID 19671068.
Ramos-Vara, J. A. 2005. Technical apects of immunohistochemistry. J. Vet. Pathol. 42: 405-426.
Soares, A., E. J. Beraldi, P. E. B. Ferreira, R. B. Bazotte, and N. C. Buttow. 2015. Intestinal and neuronal myenteric adaptations in the small intestine induced by a high-fat diet in mice. BMC Gastroenterology. 15:3. http://doi: 10.1186/s12876-015-0228-z.
Thomas, A. 2003. Gut motility, sphincters and reflex control, J. Anes. Intens Care Med. 7: 57-58.
Williams, S. J. and M. E. Parsons. 1995. Nitric oxide, an enteric non adrenergic-non cholinergic relaxant transmitter: Evidence using phosphodiesterase vand nitric oxde synthase inhibition. Br. J. Pharmacol. 116: 1789-96.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v43i2.38810
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 2673 | views : 1909Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Buletin Peternakan (Bulletin of Animal Science) Indexed by:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.