Production of Biodegradable Straw from Banana Peel

https://doi.org/10.22146/aij.v9i1.77148

I Putu Karang Adisurya(1*), Mohammad Affan Fajar Falah(2)

(1) Department of Bioresources Technology and Veterinary, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study aims to determine the effect of enhancement in stirring temperature (75oC, 80oC, 85oC) and type of plasticizer (glycerol and sorbitol) on the characteristics of biodegradable straw from ambon banana peel waste and to compare them with the characteristics of conventional boba’s straws. Methods used in this study were tensile strength, elongation, biodegradation, and water uptake tests. The result showed enhancement of stirring temperature and type of plasticizer did not significantly affect the characteristics of biodegradable straws from ambon banana peel waste (p > 0.05). Enhancement of stirring temperature will increase the tensile strength and water resistance value, but decreased elongation and biodegradation value because enhancement of stirring temperature will decrease the water content and increase the molecular density. In addition, plasticizer will increase elongation value and level of biodegradation, but decrease tensile strength and water resistance values. Plasticizer has the ability to increase the elasticity of polymers, as well as increase water absorption because it has hydrophilic hydroxyl groups. Biodegradable straw that have been developed has a colour of black, being rigid, with a length of 13 cm and an external diameter of 1.2 cm. The colour and external diameter of biodegradable boba’s straw looks similar with conventional boba’s straw but shorter in length. Therefore, ambon banana peel waste was promising to be used as an alternative material for biodegradable straw in the future.


Keywords


ambon banana peel waste; biodegradable straw; plasticizer; starch; stirring temperature

Full Text:

PDF


References

Adisurya, I. P. K. 2022. Development of Biodegradable Straws from Ambon Banana Peel Waste Based on Stirring Temperature and Plasticizer Type (in Bahasa: Pengembangan Sedotan Biodegradable dari Limbah Kulit Pisang Ambon Berdasarkan Suhu Pengadukan dan Jenis Pemlastis. Thesis. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Azizaturrohmah. 2019. Comparison of Glycerol and Sorbitol Plasticizers in Sago Starch (Metroxylon Sp.) Bioplastics with the Addition of Sweet Orange Peel Oil (Citrus sinensis L.) (in Bahasa: Perbandingan Plasticizer Gliserol dan Sorbitol Pada Bioplastik Pati Sagu (Metroxylon Sp.) dengan Penambahan Minyak Kulit Jeruk Manis (Citrus sinensis L.) sebagai Antioksidan. Surabaya: Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel.
Azzahra, M. 2020. Synthesis of Starch-based Green Packaging Films from Pisang Raja Peels (in Bahasa: Sintesis Film Green Packaging Berbasis Pati dari Kulit Pisang Raja (Musa paradisiaca Var. Raja)). Thesis. Jakarta: Universitas Pertamina.
Badan Litbang Pertanian (The Agency for Agricultural Research and Development). 2007. Prospects and Directions of Banana Agribusiness Development: Second Edition (in Bahasa: Prospek dan Arah Pengembangan Agribisnis Pisang: Edisi Kedua). Jakarta: Badan Litbang Pertanian.
Badan Pusat Statistik (Central Agency on Statistics). 2020. Production of Fruit Crops (in Bahasa: Produksi Tanaman Buah-buahan). (https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/55/62/1/produksi-tanaman-buah-buahan.html). Accessed on 13 September 2021.
Cheng, L. H., Karim, A. A., Norziah, M. A., Fazilah, A., Zeow, C. C. 2006. Interactive Effects of Water-Glycerol and Water-Sorbitol on Physical Properties of Konjac Glucomannan Films. Food Research International. Volume: 71(2). pp. 1-26. Doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2005.02.004.
Epriyanti, N. M. H., Jarsojuwono, B. A., Arnata, I. W. 2016. Effect of Temperature and Drying Time on the Characteristics of Biodegradable Plastic Composites of Cassava Peel Starch and Chitosan (in Bahasa: Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Pengeringan Terhadap Karakteristik Komposit Plastik Biodegradable dari Pati Kulit Singkong dan Kitosan). Jurnal Rekayasa dan Manajemen Agroindustri, Volume: 4(1), pp. 21–30.
Fatia, D., Sugandi, Y. S. 2019. No Straws Movement: Avoid Environmental Damage (in Bahasa: Gerakan Tanpa Sedotan: Hindari Kerusakan Lingkungan). Sosioglobal: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Sosiologi, Volume: 3(2), pp. 66–75. Doi: 10.2473/shigentosozai1953.81.922_235.
Faust, S., Foerster, J., Lindner, M., Schmid, M. 2021. Effect of Glycerol and Sorbitol on The Mechanical and Barrier Properties of Films Based on Pea Protein Isolate Produced by High-Moisture Extrusion Processing. Polymer Engineering and Science, pp. 1–8. Doi:10.1002/pen.25836.
Ginting, M. H. S., Sinaga, R. F., Hasibuan, R., Ginting, G. 2014. Effect of Starch Gelatinization Temperature Variation on Tensile Strength and Elongation at Break Properties of Taro Tuber Starch Bioplastics (in Bahasa: Pengaruh Variasi Temperatur Gelatinisasi Pati Terhadap Sifat Kekuatan Tarik dan Pemanjangan pada Saat Putus Bioplastik Pati Umbi Talas). Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi. pp. 1–3. Doi:10.20431/2349-0403.0505003.
Hartatik, Y. D. 2014. Effect of Chitosan Composition on Mechanical and Biodegradable Properties of Bioplastics (in Bahasa: Pengaruh Komposisi Kitosan Terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Biodegradable Bioplastik). Thesis. Malang: Universitas Brawijaya.
Hassan, H. F., Hassan, U. F., Usher, O. A., Ibrahim, A. B., Tabe, N. N. 2018. Exploring The Potentials of Banana (Musa sapietum) Peels in Feed Formulation. International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science (IJARCS), Volume: 5(5), pp. 10–14.
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia). 2020. Capaian Kinerja Pengelolaan Sampah. (SIPSN.Menlhk.Go.Id. sipsn.menlhk.go.ig/sipsn/). Accessed on 21 Oktober 2021.
Lee, S. H., Shin, S. R., Lee, D. S. 2018. Sorbitol as a Chain Extender of Polyurethane Prepolymers to Prepare Self-healable and Robust Polyhydroxyurethane Elastomers. Molecules, Volume: 23(10), pp. 1–13. Doi:10.3390/molecules23102515.
Lusiana, S. W., Putri, D., Nurazizah, I. Z., Bahruddin. 2019. Bioplastic Properties of Sago-PVA Starch with Glycerol and Sorbitol Plasticizers. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. Doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1351/1/012102.
Melani, A., Putri, D., Robiah. 2019. Bioplastics from Plantain Peel Starch with Various Adhesives (in Bahasa: Bioplastik dari Pati Kulit Pisang Raja dengan Berbagai Bahan Perekat). Distilasi, Volume: 4(2), pp. 1–7. Doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1351/1/012102.
Muhammad, Ridara, R., Masrullita. 2020. Synthesis of Bioplastics from Avocado Seed Starch with Chitosan Filler (in Bahasa: Sintesis Bioplastik dari Biji Pati Alpukat dengan Bahan Pengisi Kitosan). Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal, Volume: 9(2), pp. 1–11. Doi:10.29103/jtku.v9i2.3340.
Musita, N. 2012. Assessment of the Content and Characteristics of Resistant Starch from Various Banana Varieties (in Bahasa: Kajian Kandungan dan Karakteristiknya Pati Resisten dari Berbagai Varietas Pisang). Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri, Volume: 23(1), pp. 57–65. Doi:10.28959/jdpi.v23i1.557.
Nafiyanto, I. 2019. Preparation of Biodegradable Plastic from Kepok Banana Pod Waste with Glycerol Plasticizer from Used Cooking Oil and Chitosan Composite from Snail Shell Waste (Achatina fullica) (in Bahasa: Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable dari Limbah Bonggol Pisang Kepok dengan Plasticizer Gliserol dari Minyak Jelantah dan Komposit Kitosan dari Limbah Cangkang Bekicot (Achatina fullica)). Integrated Lab Journal, Volume: 07(01), pp. 75–89. Doi:10.5281/zenodo.2656812.
Nerissa, N. 2020. The Effect of Product Quality and Brand Image on KOI Thé Customer Loyalty at Neo Soho Mall Jakarta (in Bahasa: Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Citra Merek Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan KOI Thé di Neo Soho Mall Jakarta). Thesis. Jakarta: Universitas Agung Podomoro.
Nur, R. A., Nazir, N., Taib, G. 2020. Characteristics of Bioplastics from Durian Seed Starch and Cassava Starch Using MCC (Microcrystalline Cellulose) Filler from Cocoa Peel (in Bahasa: Karakteristik Bioplastik dari Pati Biji Durian dan Pati Singkong yang Menggunakan Bahan Pengisi MCC (Microcrystalline Cellulose) dari Kulit Kakao). Jurnal Gema Agro, Volume: 25(01), pp. 1–10. Doi:10.22225/ga.25.1.1713.01-10
Nurfauzy, R. A., Farhah, U. 2017. Preparation of Thermoplastic Starch Composites from Sorghum Flour and Waste Newsprint (in Bahasa: Pembuatan Komposit Thermoplastic Starch dari Tepung Sorghum dan Kertas Koran Bekas). Thesis. Bandung: Politeknik Negeri Bandung.
Nuriyah, L., Saroja, G., Ghufron, M., Razanata, A., Rosid, N. F. 2018. Tensile Strength and Elongation Characteristics of Bioplastics Made from Cilembu Sweet Potato Starch with Variaous Types of Plasticizer (in Bahasa: Karakteristik Kuat Tarik dan Elongasi Bioplastik Berbahan Pati Ubi Jalar Cilembu dengan Variasi Jenis Pemlastis. Natural B, Volume: 4(4), pp. 177–182.
Plastics Europe - Association of Plastic Manufacturers. (2020). Plastics – The Facts 2020. In PlasticEurope.
Pradipta, I. M. D., Mawarani, L. J. 2012. Preparation and Characterization of Environmentally Friendly Polymer Based on Porang Tuber Glucomannan (in Bahasa: Pembuatan Dan Karakterisasi Polimer Ramah Lingkungan Berbahan Dasar Glukomanan Umbi Porang). Prosiding Pertemuan Ilmiah Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Bahan 2012. pp. 83-89.
Prasetyo, A. E., Widhi, A., Widayat. 2012. Potential of Glycerol in the Preparation of Glycerol Derivatives through Esterification Process (in Bahasa: Potensi Gliserol dalam Pembuatan Turunan Gliserol Melalui Proses Esterifikasi). Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, Volume: 10(1), pp. 26–31. Doi:10.14710/jil.10.1.26-31.
Putra, A. D., Johan, V. S., Efendi, R. 2017. Addition of Sorbitol as Plasticizer in the Preparation of Sukun Starch Edible Film (in Bahasa: Penambahan Sorbitol sebagai Plasticizer dalam Pembuatan Edible Film Pati Sukun). Jom Fakultas Pertanian, Volume: 4(2), pp. 1–15.
Putri, H. V., & Falah, M. A. F. 2020. Development of Biodegradable Straw using Combination of Unused Rice and Rice Bran. Agroindustrial journal, Volume 8(2), pp. 550-559. Doi:10.22146/aij.v8i2.76725.
Rahmawati, A. D. 2018. Effect of Glycerol and Chitosan Composition Variation on the Quality of Biodegradable Plastic from Bran (in Bahasa: Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi Gliserol dan Kitosan Terhadap Kualitas Plastik Biodegradable dari Bekatul). Thesis. Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Rifaldi, A., Hs, I., Bahruddin. 2017. Properties and Morphology of Sago Starch Based Bioplastics with Addition of Clay Filler and Glycerol Plasticizer (in Bahasa: Sifat dan Morfologi Bioplastik Berbasis Pati Sagu dengan Penambahan Filler Clay dan Plasticizer Gliserol). Jom FTEKNIK, Volume: 4(1), pp. 1–7.
Rosid, I. A., Putra, I. R., Tontowi, A. E. 2019. Mechanical Properties of Tensile and Bending Strength Analysis in Biocomposite [SAGOO/PMMA] Material. Conference SENATIK STT Adisutjipto Yogyakarta Volume: 5. pp. 507–513. Doi:10.28989/senatik.v5i0.371
Safitri, I., Riza, M., & Syaubari, S. 2016. Mechanical Testing of Biodegradable Plastic from Sago Starch and Poly(Nipam)-Kitosan Grafting with the Addition of Cinnamon Oil (Cinnamomum burmannii) as Antioxidant (in Bahasa: Uji Mekanik Plastik Biodegradable dari Pati Sagu dan Grafting Poly(Nipam)-Kitosan dengan Penambahan Minyak Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) sebagai Antioksidan). Jurnal Litbang Industri, Volume: 6(2), pp. 107–116. Doi:10.24960/jli.v6i2.1914.107-116.
Sari, L. 2016. Effect of Stirring Temperature on the Characteristics of Biodegradable Plastic from Suweg Tuber (Amorphophallus campanulatus) with the Addition of Glycerol and CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose) (in Bahasa: Pengaruh Temperatur Pengadukan Terhadap Karakteristik Plastik Biodegradable dari Umbi Suweg (Amorphophallus campanulatus) dengan Penambahan Gliserol dan CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose)). Thesis. Yogyakarta: Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga.
Sinaga, R. F., Ginting, G. M., M. Hendra S Ginting, Hasibuan, R. 2014. Effect of Glycerol Addition on Tensile Strength and Elongation at Break Properties of Bioplastics from Taro Tuber Starch (in Bahasa: Pengaruh Penambahan Gliserol Terhadap Sifat Kekuatan Tarik dan Pemanjangan Saat Putus Bioplastik dari Pati Umbi Talas). Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU, Volume: 3(2), pp. 19–24. Doi:10.32734/jtk.v3i2.1608.
Suparno, O., Kartika, I. A., Muslich. 2013. Science and Technology of Oil/Fat and Samoan Leather (Chamois leather) Production Process (in Bahasa: Sains dan Teknologi Proses Produksi Minyak/Lemak dan Kulit Samoa (Chamois leather)). Bogor: IPB Press.
Tamiogy, W. R., Kardisa, A., Aprilia, S. 2019. Utilization of Cellulose from Areca Peel Waste as Filler in Bioplastic Manufacturing (in Bahasa: Pemanfaatan Selulosa dari Limbah Kulit Buah Pinang Sebagai Filler pada Pembuatan Bioplastik). Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia Dan Lingkungan, Volume: 14(1), pp. 63–71. Doi:10.23955/rkl.v14i1.11517.
Veronica, M. T., Ilmi, I. M. B. 2020. A Popular Drink Among Students in Depok and Jakarta (in Bahasa: Minuman kekinian di kalangan mahasiswa Depok dan Jakarta). Indonesian Jurnal of Health Development, Volume: 2(2), pp. 83–91. Doi:10.52021/ijhd.v2i2.48.
Wahyuni, S. 2018. Adisurya, I. P. K. 2022. Development of Biodegradable Straws from Ambon Banana Peel Waste Based on Stirring Temperature and Plasticizer Type (in Bahasa: Pengembangan Sedotan Biodegradable dari Limbah Kulit Pisang Ambon Berdasarkan Suhu Pengadukan dan Jenis Pemlastis. Thesis. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Wahyuningrum, M. R., & Probosari, E. 2012. Effect of Papaya Fruit (Carica Papaya L.) Administration on Triglyceride Levels in Sprague Dawley Rats With Hypercholesterolemia (In Bahasa: Pengaruh Pemberian Buah Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Terhadap Kadar Trigliserida Pada Tikus Sprague Dawley Dengan Hiperkolesterolemia). Journal of Nutrition College, Volume: 1(1), pp. 192–198.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/aij.v9i1.77148

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3328 | views : 5235

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 I Putu Karang Adisurya, Mohammad Affan Fajar Falah

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.