To the Outermost Parts of the Galaxy: Imagination’s Puissance in Decolonizing International Law
(Menuju Ujung Galaksi: Daya Imajinasi dalam Dekolonisasi Hukum Internasional)
Keywords:
Coloniality of International Law, Decolonial Resistance, Legal Fiction, Legal Imagination, Third World Approaches to International Law
Abstract
Abstract
This paper examines how imagination, despite its historical instrumentalization as a colonial methodology in international law as revealed in Koskenniemi’s To the Uttermost Parts of the Earth, can be repurposed as a decolonial tool. By drawing a temporal analogy, it first introduces imagination's role in the early European international legal thought by exploring Koskenniemi’s examples of bricolage alongside Anghie’s ‘dynamic of difference’ to underscore the need for disenchantment. It then looks into present-day counter-narratives emerging from Global South imaginations encapsulated in the third world approaches to international law or the TWAIL movement that challenge the colonial ever-present. Finally, it advocates for speculative thinking drawn from various sources as a means of envisaging alternative futures for international law, with particular emphasis on scientific and other types of fictions . The paper concludes by arguing for a structured yet creative decolonial imagination agenda that can help overcome the persistence of colonial legacies in international law while maintaining sufficient space for revolutionary thinking about world order.
Abstract
Makalah ini mengkaji bagaimana imajinasi, meskipun secara historis telah diinstrumentalisasi sebagai metodologi kolonial dalam hukum internasional sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh Koskenniemi dalam To the Uttermost Parts of the Earth, dapat digunakan kembali sebagai alat dekolonial. Dengan menggunakan analogi temporal, makalah ini pertama-tama membahas peran imajinasi dalam pemikiran hukum internasional Eropa awal melalui contoh-contoh bricolage yang diuraikan oleh Koskenniemi serta konsep dynamic of difference dari Anghie untuk menegaskan pentingnya proses disenchantment (pembongkaran ilusi atau pesona kolonial). Selanjutnya, makalah ini menelaah narasi tandingan kontemporer yang lahir dari imajinasi Global Selatan, sebagaimana tercermin dalam gerakan Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), yang menantang keberlangsungan kolonialisme dalam hukum internasional masa kini. Pada akhirnya, makalah ini mengadvokasi pemikiran spekulatif yang bersumber dari berbagai tradisi sebagai sarana untuk membayangkan masa depan alternatif bagi hukum internasional, dengan penekanan khusus pada fiksi ilmiah dan bentuk-bentuk fiksi lainnya. Makalah ini menyimpulkan bahwa agenda imajinasi dekolonial yang terstruktur namun tetap kreatif dapat membantu mengatasi keberlanjutan warisan kolonial dalam hukum internasional, sembari mempertahankan ruang yang memadai bagi pemikiran revolusioner mengenai tatanan dunia.
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d’Aspremont, Jean. "Legal Imagination and the Thinking of the Impossible." Leiden Journal of International Law, vol. 35, 2022, p. 1017.
de Prada Garcia, Aurelio. "Human Rights and Rights of Nature: The Individual and Pachamama." Rechtstheorie, vol. 45, 2014, p. 355.
Enyew, Endalew. "Sailing with TWAIL: A Historical Inquiry into Third World Perspectives on the Law of the Sea." Chinese Journal of International Law, vol. 21, 2022, p. 439.
Fanon, Frantz. Black Skin, White Masks. Pluto Press, 1986.
Fidler, David P. "Revolt Against or From Within the West?: TWAIL, the Developing World, and the Future Direction of International Law." Chinese Journal of International Law, vol. 2, 2003, p. 29.
Fukurai, Hiroshi. "Fourth World Approaches to International Law (FWAIL) and Asia's Indigenous Struggles and Quests for Recognition under International Law." Asian Journal of Law and Society, vol. 5, 2018, p. 221.
Gathii, James Thuo. "The Agenda of Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL)." International Legal Theory: Foundations and Frontiers, edited by Jeffrey Dunoff and Mark Pollack, Cambridge University Press, 2022, p. 170.
---. "TWAIL: A Brief History of Its Origins, Its Decentralized Network, and a Tentative Bibliography." Trade, Law and Development, vol. 3, 2011, p. 26.
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González Hauck, Sué. "'All Nations Must Be Considered to Be Civilized': General Principles of Law between Cosmetic Adjustments and Decolonization." Verfassungsblog, 21 Jul. 2020, verfassungsblog.de/all-nations-must-be-considered-to-be-civilized. Accessed 10 Dec. 2024.
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Hurd, Ian. "Enchanted and Disenchanted International Law." Global Policy, 2015, p. 96.
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Khallaf, Abdelwahab. The Science of the Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence: The Methodology of Islamic Law. Translated by Mouhsine El Hammioui, Dar Al-Kotob Al-Ilmiyah, 2016.
Kierulff, Stephen. "Belief in 'Armageddon Theology' and Willingness to Risk Nuclear War." Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, vol. 30, 1991, p. 81.
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---. "Histories of International Law: Dealing with Eurocentrism." Rechtgeschichte, vol. 9, 2019, p. 152.
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---. "The Pull of the Mainstream." Michigan Law Review, vol. 88, 1990, p. 1946.
---. To the Uttermost Parts of the Earth: Legal Imagination and International Power 1300–1870. Cambridge University Press, 2021.
Krisch, Nico. "International Law in Times of Hegemony: Unequal Power and the Shaping of the International Legal Order." European Journal of International Law, vol. 16, 2005, p. 369.
Lévi-Strauss, Claude. The Savage Mind. The University of Chicago Press, 1966.
Lombardi, Clark. "Islamic Law in the Jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice: An Analysis." Chinese Journal of International Law, vol. 8, 2007, p. 85.
Longfellow, Henry. "A Psalm of Life." 1838.
Loureiro, Roberto V. Politics and Eschatology: Christian, Muslim and Liberal Traditions and Their Visions of Humankind’s Future. 2010. Texas A&M University, PhD dissertation.
Maldonado-Torres, Nelson. "On the Coloniality of Human Rights." The Pluriverse of Human Rights: The Diversity of Struggles for Dignity, edited by Boaventura De Sousa Santos and Bruno Martins, Routledge, 2021.
Manchester International Law Centre. "Melland Schill Lecture 2022 - Legal Imagination and the History of International Power." YouTube, 21 Apr. 2022, youtu.be/7kOq91xQP1s?si=MiwoX57l9V7Pts92. Accessed 7 Dec. 2024.
Mignolo, Walter D. "Who Speaks for the 'Human' in Human Rights?" Cadernos de Estudos Culturais, vol. 3, no. 5, 2011, p. 157.
Modirzadeh, Naz Khatoon. "'Let Us All Agree to Die a Little': TWAIL’s Unfulfilled Promise." Harvard International Law Journal, vol. 65, 2023, p. 79.
Mutua, Makau W. "Savages, Victims, and Saviors: The Metaphor of Human Rights." Harvard International Law Journal, vol. 42, 2001, p. 201.
---. "What Is TWAIL?" Proceedings of the American Society of International Law, vol. 94, 2000, p. 31.
Nesiah, Vasuki. "Decolonial CIL: TWAIL, Feminism, and an Insurgent Jurisprudence." AJIL Unbound, vol. 112, 2018, p. 313.
Ngoenha, Severino. "Ubuntu: New Model of Global Justice?" Indilinga African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems, vol. 5, 2006, p. 125.
Puchala, Donald J. "World Hegemony and the United Nations." International Studies Review, vol. 7, 2005, p. 571.
Rambachan, Anantanand. A Hindu Theology of Liberation: Not-Two Is Not One. SUNY Press, 2015.
Rosenfeld, Gavriel. "Why Do We Ask 'What If?' Reflections on the Function of Alternate History." History and Theory, vol. 41, 2002, p. 90.
Savransky, Martin. "A Decolonial Imagination: Sociology, Anthropology and the Politics of Reality." Sociology, vol. 51, 2017, p. 11.
Shackelford, Scott J. "The Tragedy of the Common Heritage of Mankind." Stanford Environmental Law Journal, vol. 28, 2009, p. 109.
Steer, Cassandra. "Who Has the Power? A Critical Perspective on Space Governance and New Entrants to the Space Sector." Georgia Journal of International Law, vol. 48, 2020, p. 751.
Thomas, Jeffrey E., and Franklin G. Snyder, editors. The Law and Harry Potter. Carolina Academic Press, 2010.
Tombs, David. Latin American Liberation Theology. Brill, 2002.
Travis, Mitchell. "Making Space: Law and Science Fiction." Law & Literature, vol. 23, 2011, p. 241.
Venzke, Ingo. "What if? Counterfactual (Hi)Stories of International Law." Asian Journal of International Law, vol. 8, 2018, p. 403.
Viswanathan, Gauri. Masks of Conquest: Literary Study and British Rule in India. 25th Anniversary ed., Columbia University Press, 2014.
Weiss, Gunther. "The Enchantment of Codification in the Common-Law World." Yale Journal of International Law, vol. 25, 2000, p. 435.
White, James Boyd. Legal Imagination: Studies in the Nature of Legal Thought and Expression. Little, Brown & Co., 1973.
Wood, Sally. "Retrieving the Bandung Conference ... Moment by Moment." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, vol. 43, 2012, p. 523.
Wynter, Sylvia. "On Disenchanting Discourse: 'Minority' Literary Criticism and Beyond." Cultural Critique, vol. 7, 1987, p. 207.
Ye, Jingzhong, et al. "The Incursions of Extractivism: Moving from Dispersed Places to Global Capitalism." The Journal of Peasant Studies, vol. 47, 2019, p. 155.
Published
2026-05-31
How to Cite
Albar, R. A. H. (2026). To the Outermost Parts of the Galaxy: Imagination’s Puissance in Decolonizing International Law. imbar ukum, 38(1), 58-77. https://doi.org/10.22146/mh.v38i1.29333
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rafsi Azzam Hibatullah Albar
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