Jus Cogens Derogat Customary International Law: A Conflict that Never Was?
(Jus Cogens Derogat Hukum Kebiasaan Internasional: Konflik Yang Tak Pernah Ada?)
Abstract
Abstract
Every scholar and learner of international law knows that jus cogens is the highest norm in the international legal order; therefore assume that “all other” sources of international law are supposed to become null and void if they contradict jus cogens. However, scholars and international institutions (including the International Law Commission) seem to overlook customary international law (CIL), easily assuming it to be part of the “all other” that are derogated by jus cogens. If we easily forget that there is virtually no actual case example of CIL contradicting jus cogens, we naturally do not ask why that is so. Exploring relevant scholarly literature as well as international documents, we explore the relationship between CIL and jus cogens. We find that one of the elements of both CIL and jus cogens overlaps, i.e. acceptance by the international community (albeit different wording), making conflict logically impossible and questions on the consequence of conflicts illogically fallacious.
Abstrak
Setiap cendikia dan pelajar hukum internasional mengetahui bahwa jus cogens adalah norma tertinggi dalam tatanan hukum internasional; oleh karena itu diasumsikan bahwa "semua sumber hukum internasional lainnya" seharusnya menjadi batal dan tidak berlaku jika bertentangan dengan jus cogens. Namun, para cendikia dan lembaga internasional (termasuk Komisi Hukum Internasional) tampaknya mengabaikan hukum kebiasaan internasional (CIL), dengan mudah menganggapnya sebagai bagian dari "semua sumber lainnya" yang dikesampingkan oleh jus cogens. Jika kita dengan mudah melupakan bahwa hampir tidak ada contoh kasus nyata CIL yang bertentangan dengan jus cogens, kita tentu tidak bertanya mengapa demikian. Dengan mengeksplorasi literatur ilmiah yang relevan serta dokumen internasional, kami mengeksplorasi hubungan antara CIL dan jus cogens. Kami menemukan bahwa salah satu elemen dari CIL dan jus cogens tumpang tindih, yaitu penerimaan oleh komunitas internasional (walaupun dengan kata-kata yang berbeda), membuat konflik secara logis tidak mungkin dan pertanyaan tentang konsekuensi konflik secara tidak logis keliru.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fajri Muhammadin, Anis Muhammad Afla

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