Patologi Ruang Publik dalam Gerakan Perjuangan Hak Atas Lingkungan oleh Masyarakat
(The Public Sphere Pathology in the Environmental Rights Movement by the People)
Abstract
Abstract
This article aims to uncover the pathology in public participation practices using Habermas's concept of deliberative democracy as well as examine the rationality of the actors involved in public participation activities in environmental affairs. Next, an answer will be given on how decisions should be made in a sketch of a healthy public sphere and procedural environmental justice. This research blends juridical and philosophical approaches. The results of this research show that there is still a pathology in the public sphere in the form of the dominance of instrumental ratios that lead to strategic action, the closure of space for practical discourse, and the stuttering in sorting out the idea of the good and the idea of the right. To overcome these problems, decision-making must take place in an open public sphere and guarantee freedom of expression, access to participation, and the right to examine each other's claims so that the resulting consensus is truly legitimate and intersubjectively acceptable.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap patologi dalam praktik-praktik partisipasi publik menggunakan konsep demokrasi deliberatif dari Habermas sekaligus menguji rasionalitas dari para aktor yang terlibat dalam aktivitas partisipasi publik dalam urusan lingkungan hidup. Selanjutnya, akan diberikan jawaban tentang bagaimana seharusnya keputusan dibuat dalam sketsa ruang publik yang sehat dan berkeadilan lingkungan prosedural. Penelitian ini memadukan pendekatan yuridis dan filosofis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat patologi dalam ruang publik berupa dominasi rasio instrumental yang mengarah kepada tindakan strategis, tertutupnya ruang untuk melakukan diskursus praktis, dan adanya kegagapan dalam memilah the idea of the good dan the idea of the right. Untuk mengatasi problem yang terjadi, keputusan harus dibuat di ruang publik yang terbuka dan terdapat jaminan terhadap kebebasan mengeluarkan pendapat, akses partisipasi, dan hak untuk saling menguji klaim-klaim yang ada agar konsensus yang dihasilkan benar-benar legitim dan dapat diterima secara intersubjektif.
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