Independensi Kekuasaan Kehakiman Dalam Menjatuhkan Putusan Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Undang-Undang Sebagai Perjanjian
(The Independence of the Judiciary in Making Rulings from the Perspective of the Law as an Agreement)
Abstract
Abstract
Laws (UU) are understood as the manifestation of an agreement between the people, represented by the legislative body (House of Representatives), and the government, represented by the executive body. In a democratic system, the process of forming laws reflects the principles of deliberation and consensus, which aim to create a social, national, and state order. However, the role of the judicial branch in upholding justice is often reduced to merely enforcing laws. Regardless, judges are directly accountable to God under the principle of ‘Justice Based on the Almighty God’ in carrying their duties. This places the judicial power in a unique position, not only as an enforcer of laws but also as an interpreter of justice that must be independent from the influence of the executive and legislative branches. In this context, a fundamental challenge arises: how can judges uphold true justice when laws, as products of agreements between the executive and legislative branches, do not always reflect the substantive values of justice expected by society? Therefore, judicial independence is essential to ensure that decisions are not merely an implementation of the text of the law, but also reflect the justice that exists in society. The principle of checks and balances is not merely about the division of power, but also about how the judicial branch can fulfil its role as an independent guardian of justice in a legal context that is often biased towards political and economic interests.
Abstrak
Undang-Undang (UU) dipahami sebagai manifestasi perjanjian antara rakyat yang diwakili oleh lembaga legislatif (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat) dan pemerintah yang diwakili oleh lembaga eksekutif. Dalam sistem demokrasi, proses pembentukan UU mencerminkan prinsip musyawarah dan kesepakatan yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan tata kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara. Namun, peran kekuasaan kehakiman (Yudisial) dalam menegakkan keadilan sering kali tereduksi menjadi sekadar penerap undang-undang, padahal dalam menjalankan tugasnya, hakim bertanggung jawab langsung kepada Tuhan dengan prinsip "Demi Keadilan Berdasarkan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa." Ini menempatkan kekuasaan Yudisial dalam posisi yang unik, tidak hanya sebagai pelaksana undang-undang, tetapi juga sebagai penafsir keadilan yang harus bebas dari pengaruh eksekutif dan legislatif. Dalam konteks ini, muncul tantangan mendasar: bagaimana hakim dapat menegakkan keadilan sejati ketika undang-undang sebagai produk perjanjian antara kekuasaan eksekutif dan legislatif tidak selalu mencerminkan nilai-nilai keadilan substantif yang diharapkan oleh masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, independensi hakim menjadi esensial dalam memastikan bahwa putusan yang dihasilkan tidak sekadar mengimplementasikan teks undang-undang, tetapi juga mencerminkan keadilan yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Prinsip check and balance bukan hanya soal pembagian kekuasaan, tetapi juga soal bagaimana kekuasaan kehakiman mampu menjalankan perannya sebagai penjaga keadilan yang independen dalam konteks hukum yang sering kali bias terhadap kepentingan politik dan ekonomi.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dharma Setiawan Negara, Erwin Susilo

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