Nano-Enabled Phytotherapeutics for Obesity Management: Translating Preclinical Discoveries into Clinical Opportunities
Keywords:
Obesity, Nanomedicine, Phytoconstituents, Toxicity, Clinical Evidences
Abstract
Obesity represents a major global public health challenge associated with long-term complications such as type 2 diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory disorders, largely driven by modern lifestyles and unhealthy dietary patterns. Although conventional treatment strategies, including lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery, offer therapeutic benefits, they are often limited by adverse effects, long-term adherence, and inconsistent efficacy. In recent years, herbal medicines and phytoconstituents have emerged as attractive alternatives due to their natural origin, multitargeted mechanisms of action, and comparatively favorable safety profiles. However, their clinical translation is frequently hampered by poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, and rapid systemic clearance. Nanotechnology provides a promising approach to overcome these limitations by improving the pharmacokinetics, stability, and targeted delivery of bioactives. This review presents a comprehensive evaluation of herbal nanotherapeutics for obesity management, focusing on the design and application of diverse nanocarrier systems, including polymeric nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and micelles. Additionally, current challenges, regulatory considerations, and future perspectives are examined to guide the development of safe, effective, and patient-friendly herbal nanomedicines for obesity treatment.
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Published
2026-05-04
How to Cite
Almalki, W. H., & Mahmoud Essam Elrggal. (2026). Nano-Enabled Phytotherapeutics for Obesity Management: Translating Preclinical Discoveries into Clinical Opportunities. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy, 37(2), 212-237. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijp.29094
Issue
Section
Review Article
