Physical Properties, Stability, and Activity of Octyl Methoxycinnamate and Hexagamavunon-5 Combination Sunscreen Emulgel Formulation: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation

Purbandari Ajeng Sarweningtyas  Sarweningtyas; Abdul Karim Zulkarnain; Ritmaleni

doi:10.22146/ijp.18921

Purbandari Ajeng Sarweningtyas Sarweningtyas Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Abdul Karim Zulkarnain Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Ritmaleni Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Keywords: Stability, OMC, Hexagamavunon-5, Sunscreen, Emulgel

Abstract

Excessive and prolonged exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet (UV) rays can cause various skin problems. Sunscreens protect the skin by absorbing UV rays. One of the sunscreen agents is Octyl Methoxycinnamate (OMC). OMC can undergo a photoisomerization process when exposed to light, leading to a decrease in its effectiveness in protecting the skin. Therefore, there is a need to develop sunscreen formulations to stabilize the OMC UV filter. The aim of this study is to formulate an OMC sunscreen emulgel with a combination of Hexagamavunone-5 (HGV-5) as an antioxidant that functions as a UV filter stabilizer and to evaluate the activity and physical stability of the emulgel formulation, as well as conduct an irritation test on rabbits.

The research method was conducted experimentally to obtain an optimal combination formula using Design Expert software with the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method. The selected optimal emulsion base formula consisted of 3.15% Tween 80, 3.75% Span 80, and 3.1% Liquid Paraffin. The results showed that the OMC 6% and HGV-5 0.2% emulgel combination had the highest and most stable SPF, %TE, and %TP values, with SPF 34.3913, %TE 0.0346, and %TP 32.1396. The pH, viscosity, and spreadability of the emulgel formulation were 5.66, 20.320 mPas, and 5.7 cm, respectively. Based on the primary irritation test, the OMC and HGV-5 emulgel formulation did not cause irritation in animal testing. Therefore, the emulgel containing OMC and HGV-5 has potential as a product based on in vitro tests and is safe for use on animal skin.

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