Quality of life in patients with chronic kidney failure: self-efficacy as a determinant factor

Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni; Marni; Helga Jillvera Nathalia Ndun; Eka Wilda Faida; Mariana Ikun Ratna Dwi Mulyani Pareira; Rambu Kezia Tamu Ina Palandima

doi:10.22146/bkm.v42i08.28494

Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni Department of Public Health, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Marni Department of Public Health, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Helga Jillvera Nathalia Ndun Department of Public Health, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Eka Wilda Faida STIKES Yayasan RS Dr Soetomo, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Mariana Ikun Ratna Dwi Mulyani Pareira Psikolog Community Education Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Social Sciences, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Rambu Kezia Tamu Ina Palandima Department of Public Health, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v42i08.28494

Keywords: chronic kidney failure, hemodialysis, quality of life, self-efficacy, social support

Abstract

Purpose: Self-efficacy is a key determinant of self-care ability and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis. This study aimed to analyze self-efficacy among hemodialysis patients at Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Hospital in Kupang to improve their quality of life.

Methods: This was an observational, quantitative, cross-sectional study. We included 80 CKD patients undergoing routine hemodialysis using total sampling. Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires and medical records from January to September 2025. We analyzed the data using PLS-SEM in SmartPLS version 3.2.9 to examine relationships among variables.

Results: Self-efficacy had a significant direct effect on the quality of life (T-value = 11.077) and significantly influenced self-care agency and self-care demand. The generality and strength dimensions were the most dominant indicators forming self-efficacy. Social support indirectly improved quality of life by increasing self-efficacy. Most participants demonstrated low self-efficacy and poor quality of life across the physical, psychological, social, environmental, and spiritual domains.

Conclusion: Self-efficacy plays a central role in improving self-care capabilities and the quality of life among hemodialysis patients. Strengthening self-efficacy through social support and biopsychosocial interventions is essential for developing effective self-care models that enhance patients' quality of life.

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