Hubungan antara Fungsi Keluarga dengan Manajemen Diri Penderita Hipertensi

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.101667

Aulia Intan Ramadhani(1), Uki Noviana(2*), Heru Subekti(3)

(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Keperawatan Jiwa dan Komunitas, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departemen Keperawatan Jiwa dan Komunitas, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Hypertension is often referred to as the 'silent killer' because its special character that does not show clear symptoms, hence requires good self-management. Self-management of hypertension is a very important action taken by patient with hypertension. The aim are to reduce and control blood pressure which is influenced by many factors, one of which is family function. Unfortunately, there is very limited published research on the influence of family function in implementing self-management of patient with hypertension. 
Objective: To determine the correlation between family function and self-management of patient with hypertension in the working area of the Mlati II Public Health Center, Sleman, Yogyakarta.
Method: This was a quantitative study with a cross sectional design. The research subjects were 121 people with hypertension aged 18-64 years-old who dwelt in the working area of the Mlati II Health Center. The sample was determined based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Hypertension self-management was measured using the Hypertension Self-Management Behavior Questionnaire (HSMBQ) and family function was measured using the Family Assessment Device (FAD). Chi Square test was used to analyze the correlation between family function and self-management of patient with hypertension.
Results: There were 50% of respondents which had high self-management and 52% of them that had healthy family function. In addition, 33,9% of respondents with high self-management had healthy family function. There was a significant correlation between family function and self-management of hypertension (p = 0,001). 
Conclusion: Family function had a significant correlation with self-management of hypertension.

INTISARI

Latar belakang: Hipertensi sering disebut ‘silent killer’ karena karakter penyakit ini tidak menampakkan gejala yang jelas sehingga memerlukan manajemen diri yang baik. Manajemen diri hipertensi merupakan tindakan yang sangat penting dilakukan oleh penderita hipertensi untuk menurunkan dan mengontrol tekanan darah, yang dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, salah satunya yaitu fungsi keluarga. Namun, publikasi mengenai pengaruh fungsi keluarga dalam penerapan manajemen diri pasien hipertensi masih sangat terbatas. 
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara fungsi keluarga dengan manajemen diri penderita hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mlati 2, Sleman, Yogyakarta.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif analitik korelasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah 121 orang penderita hipertensi, berusia 18-64 tahun, di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mlati II. Sampel ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dengan teknik proportionate stratified random sampling untuk menentukan jumlah sampel representatif dari ketiga desa. Kemudian teknik convenience sampling digunakan untuk menentukan sampel pada setiap desa. Manajemen diri hipertensi diukur menggunakan Hypertension Self-Management Behavior Questionnaire (HSMBQ) dan pengukuran fungsi keluarga menggunakan Family Assessment Device (FAD). Uji Chi Square digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan fungsi keluarga dengan manajemen diri pada pasien hipertensi. 
Hasil: Sebanyak 50% responden penelitian telah memiliki manajemen diri yang tinggi dan 52% responden penelitian juga telah memiliki fungsi keluarga yang sehat. Selain itu, sebanyak 33,9% responden penelitian dengan manajemen diri yang tinggi, telah memiliki fungsi keluarga yang sehat. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara fungsi keluarga dengan manajemen diri pada pasien hipertensi (p = 0,001).
Simpulan: Fungsi keluarga memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan manajemen diri pada pasien hipertensi.

Kata kunci: 
 


Keywords


fungsi keluarga; hipertensi; manajemen diri

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. World Health Organization. Hypertension [Internet]. c.2021. [updated dec 2021; cited 2022 Jun 27]. Available from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension.

  2. World Health Organization. Hypertension Fact Sheet. c2019. [updated 2019;cited 2022] Available from https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/bhs_en.pdf.

  3. Badan Litbang Kesehatan Kader Kesehatan Remaja. Laporan Nasional RISKESDAS 2018 [Internet]. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. c.2018. [updated 2019;cited 2022]. Available from http://labdata.litbang.kemkes.go.id/images/download/laporan/RKD/2018/Laporan_Nasional_RKD2018_FINAL.pdf.

  4. Isnaini N, Lestari IG. Pengaruh Self-Management terhadap Tekanan Darah Lansia yang Mengalami Hipertensi. Indonesian Journal for Health Sciences. 2018; 2(1): 7-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/ijhs.v2i1.725.

  5. American Heart Association. Consequences of High Blood Pressure. c.2020. [updated 2020; cited 2022]. Available from https://www.heart.org/-/media/files/health-topics/high-blood-pressure/consequences-of-high-blood-pressure-infographic.pdf.

  6. Mills KT, Stefanescu A, He J. The Global Epidemiology of Hypertension Katherine. Physiol Behav. 2016; 176(1): 139–48. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-019-0244-2.

  7. Zeru AB, Muluneh MA. Admission and Inpatient Mortality of Hypertension Complications in Addis Ababa. Integr Blood Press Control. 2020; 13: 103–110. https://doi.org/10.2147/ibpc.s268184.

  8. Wahyuni S, Bafadhal RN, Mahudeh M. Efektivitas Self-Management Program terhadap Manajemen Diri Klien Hipertensi. JI-KES (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan). 2021; 5(1): 57–63. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0628-8848.

  9. Utami A, Hudiyawati D. Gambaran Dukungan Keluarga terhadap Self-Management Penderita Hipertensi. 12th Univ Res Colloqium 2020. 2020; 9–15. https://doi.org/10.37048/kesehatan.v11i2.

  10. Igarashi R. Status of Understanding of The Disease and Self-Management Behavior among Patients with Hypertension. Health (Irvine Calif). 2019; 11(07): 905–23. https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2019.117073.

  11. Grey M, Knafl K, McCorkle R. A Framework for The Study of Self and Family Management of Chronic Conditions. Nurs Outlook. 2006; 54(5): 278–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2006.06.004.

  12. Akhter N. Self-Management among Patients with Hypertension in Bangladesh. Songkla University; 2010.

  13. Lin CC, Anderson RM, Chang CS, Hagerty BM, Loveland-Cherry CJ. Development and Testing of The Diabetes Self-Management Instrument: A Confirmatory Analysis. Res Nurs Heal. 2008; 31(4): 370–380. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20258.

  14. Mansfield AK, Keitner GI, Dealy J. The Family Assessment Device: An Update. Fam Process. 2015; 54(1): 82–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12080.

  15. Mutiah D, Mayasari R, Deviana T. Validating an Indonesian version of The Family Assessment Device among Indonesian Muslim University Students during The COVID-19 Pandemic. Ment Health Relig Cult. 2021; 26(4): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2021.1976124.

  16. Putri EC, Wibowo TA. Skrining Hipertensi pada Usia Pra-Lansia di Dukuh Kaliurang Barat, Desa Hargobinangun, Kecamatan Pakem, Kabupaten Sleman [Skripsi]. Yogyakarta: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Ahmad Dahlan; 2021.

  17. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta. Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dalam Angka. c.2023. [updated 2023; cited 2024]. https://id.scribd.com/document/703527449/Statistik-Daerah-Daerah-Istimewa-Yogyakarta-2023.

  18. Khomsatun U, Sari IWW. Hubungan Dukungan Sosial dengan Perilaku Manajemen Diri pada Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Pandak I Bantul DI. Yogyakarta. J Keperawatan Klinik dan Komunitas. 2022; 5(3): 179-190. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.49826.

  19. Aprilatutini, S.Kep.,M.Pd T, Sihotang R, Utama TA, Yustisia N. Self Care Management Evaluation in Hypertension Patients. J Vokasi Keperawatan. 2021; 3(2): 184–202. https://doi.org/10.33369/jvk.v3i2.13935.

  20. Salami S, Dewi IP, Sajodin S. Implementasi Fungsi Keluarga dan Self Care Behavior Lanjut Usia Penderita Hipertensi. J Keperawatan Aisyah. 2017;4(2). https://journal.unisa-bandung.ac.id/index.php/jka/article/view/45.

  21. Pires T, de Assis SG, Avanci JQ, Pesce RP. Cross-Cultural Adaptation of The General Functioning Scale of The Family. Rev Saude Publica. 2016; 50: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050005832.

  22. Aznika Dwi A, Ismail HK, Dimas Syahputra, Amalia Pitri. Peran Komunikasi dalam Keluarga. c.2021. [updated 2021; cited 2022]. Available from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348558606.

  23. Rusdianingseh, Hatmanti NM. Pengalaman Keluarga dalam Memberikan Dukungan terhadap Penderita Hipertensi. J Kebidanan. 2021; 10(1): 25–31. https://akbid-dharmahusada-kediri.e-journal.id/JKDH/index.

  24. Putri RS. Hubungan Keberfungsian Keluarga dengan Kesejahteraan Subjektif pada Remaja yang Kedua Orang Tuanya Bekerja [Skripsi]. Malang: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang; 2018.

  25. Zhang Y. Family Functioning in The Context of An Adult Family Member with Illness: A Concept Analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2018; 27(15–16): 3205–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14500.

  26. Friedman. Keperawatan Keluarga Teori dan Praktik. 3rd ed. Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC; 2013.

  27. Kordshooli KR, Rakhshan M, Ghanbari A. The Effect of Family-Centered Empowerment Model on The Illness Perception in Heart Failure Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Caring Sci. 2018; 7(4): 189–95. https://doi.org/10.15171/jcs.2018.029.

  28. Ayodapo A, Monsudi K, Toyin O, Olayide E. Family Functioning and Adherence to Medication: A Study of Hypertensive in A Tertiary Hospital, South Western Nigeria. CHRISMED J Heal Res. 2018;5(3). https://10.4103/cjhr.cjhr_28_18.

  29. Samulung N, Pertiwi MR, Ifansyah MN, Riskika S, Maurida N, Suhariyati, et al. Family Keluarga (Family Nursing). c.2021. [updated 2021; cited 2022]. Available from http://repository.uki.ac.id/7874/1/KeperawatanKeluarga.pdf.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.101667

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 724 | views : 363

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Aulia Intan Ramadhani, Uki Noviana, Heru Subekti



Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis dan Komunitas (Clinical and Community Nursing Journal) 
collaborates with DPW PPNI DIY

Lisensi Creative Commons  

Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis dan Komunitas (Clinical and Community Nursing Journal) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.