Horizontal Biofilter System in Tapioca Starch Wastewater Treatment: The Influence of Filter Media on the Effluent Quality

https://doi.org/10.22146/aij.v1i1.23243

Nur Hidayat(1*), Sri Suhartini(2), Dian Indriana(3)

(1) Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Brawijaya, Indonesia
(2) Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Brawijaya, Indonesia
(3) Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Brawijaya, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The aim of this research was to analyse the use of different filter media at laboratory scale under a horizontal biofilter system treating tapioca starch wastewater (TSW) to improve the effluent quality that met the national standard. The completely randomized design was used in this study. A horizontal biofilter system was designed and filled with filter media, include sand, gravel, soil (entisol type), coconut fibre and bamboo plait, in each unit. Prior feeding to the biofilter unit, TSW was inoculated with Bacillus sp. N-09. The TSW flow rate was maintained at 6 l d-1 and operated for 1-month period. The results showed that the use of sand as filter media gave a better performance in improving the TSW effluent quality followed by gravel, coconut fibre, soil and bamboo plait. The horizontal biofilter system packed with sand filter media removed 98.53 % BOD, 98.71 % COD, 88.96 % TSS, and increased pH to 8.0.

Keywords


Bacillus sp. N-09; Horizontal biofilter; Natural filter media; Tapioca starch wastewater; Wastewater treatment

Full Text:

PDF


References

An, J., J. Kwon., D. Ahn., H. Shin., S. Won, B. Kim. 2008. Performance of a full-scale biofilm system retrofitted with an upflow multilayer bioreactor as a preanoxic reactor for advanced wastewater treatment. Water Environ. Res., Volume 80: 757 – 765.

Arimoro F. O., Ch. M. A. Iwegbue, B. O. Enemudo. (2008). Effects of cassava effluent on benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in a tropical stream in Southern Nigeria. Acta Zoologica Lituanica, Volume 18: 147 – 156.

El-Masry, M.H., E. El-Bestawy, N.I. El-Adl. (2004). Bioremediation of vegetable oil and grease from polluted wastewater using a sand biofilm system. World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology, Volume 20: 551 – 557.

Fukunaga, I. (1995). Recent advances of the treatment and disposal of wastewater and solid waste in food industry. Foods and Food Ingredients Journal, Volume 165: 21– 30.

Ginting. 2007. Sistem Pengelolaan Lingkungan dan Limbah Industri (Environmental and Industrial Waste Management System). Bandung: Yrma Widya.

Healy, M.G., M. Rodger, J. Mulqueen. (2004).Recirculating sand filter for treatment of synthetic dairy parlor washings. J. Environ Quality, Volume 33: 713 – 718.

Hidayat, N., S. Kumalaningsih., Noorhamdani, and S. Wijana. (2010). Pengaruh Laju Aliran Limbah pada Saringan Kerikil dengan Inokulum Bacillus coagulans UB-9 terhadap Kualitas Limbah Cair yang Dihasilkan. Makalah Seminar Nasional APTA, 16 Des 2010. Yogyakarta.

Hidayat, N., S. Suhartini., and B.R. Widiatmono. (2011). The Performance of Natural Filter in Treating Tapioca Wastewater with and without Aeration. J. Agric. Food. Tech.Volume 1: 204 – 211.

Luthfi, M. (2000). The effect of both bed filter thickeness and kind trickling filter media on various flowrates to decrease. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, Volume 1: 40 – 44.

Mai, H.N.P. (2006). Integrated Treatment of Tapioca Processing Industrial Wastewater Based on Environmental Bio-Technology. PhD-thesis. Wageningen: Wageningen University.

Mavrov, B. (2000). Reduction of water consumption and wastewater quantities in the food industry by water recycling using membrane processes. Desalination, Volume 131: 75 – 86.

Razif, M., V.E. Budiarti and S. Mangkoedihardjo. (2006). Appropriate fermentation process for tapioca’s wastewater in Indonesia. J. Applied Sci.,Volume 6: 2846 – 2848.

Ridgway, H. H. (1999). Controlling of overfilling in food processing. J. Material Processing Technol, Volume 93: 360 – 367.

Radojevic’s, M., N. V. Bashkin. 1999.Practical Environmental Analysis. London: The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Sugiharto, 1987. Dasar-Dasar Pengolahan Air Limbah (The Basics of Wastewater Treatment). Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.

Suprapti, L. 2005. Tepung Tapioka Pembuatan dan Pemanfaatannya (Tapioca Starch: Processing and Utilisation). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius.

Suyasa, I.W.B., W. Dwijani. (2008). Kemampuan Sistem Saringan Pasir- Tanaman Menurunkan Nilai BOD dan COD Air Tercemar Limbah Pencelupan (The ability of the sand-plant filter system to reduce the BOD and COD concentration of the dye polluted water). Ecotrophic, Volume 2: 1 – 7.

Wang, Y., J. Banziger., P.L. Dubin., G. Filippelli and N. Nurage. (2001). Adsorptive Partitioning of an Organic Compound Onto Polyelectrolyte Immobilized Micelles on Porous Glass and Sand. Environ. Sci. Technol. Volume 35: 2608 – 2611.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/aij.v1i1.23243

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1731 | views : 1749

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2012 Nur Hidayat, Sri Suhartini, Dian Indriana

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.