ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FORMULATION OF BAWANG TIWAI (Eleutherine americana) IN ANTIACNE CREAM

Abstract

Bawang tiwai (Eleutherine americana) have antibacterial effect to Sthapylococus epidermis. This study was conducted to formulate an ethanolic extract of bawang tiwai into antiacne cream preparations, thus Dayak community empirically considered use this as an antiacne and boils. Formula (F) was made by varying the concentration of the ethanolic extract namely: F1 (1%), F2 (2%) and F3 (4%). Anti acne cream formulation tested with phytochemical screening, organoleptic (smell, color, homogenity), type of cream, cream dispersive test, and antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Phytochemical screening result shows that its contains alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins, organoleptic test showed stability in F3, antiacne cream has a pH value = 6. Dispersive cream generated meets the requirements with a range of 5-7 cm. Cream type is type O / W (oil in water). Test result by using  agar diffusion method with Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) medium,  inhibition zone obtained in the negative control (0), F1 (0), F2 (5.17 ± 0,19mm) and F3 (6 ± 0,17mm), LSD oneway ANOVA showed 95% (p <0.05) compared F3 all treatments. This study antiacne cream of F3 (concentration of the ethanolic extract of bawang tiwai 4%) is the best formula with the greatest potential in the medium category against Staphylococcus epidermidis.