COMBINATION OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF Phaleria macrocarpa (SCHEFF.) BOERL. FRUITS AND Annona muricata LINN. LEAVES

https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.12819

Era Rahmi(1), Wulan Tri Wahyuni(2), Latifah Kosim Darusman(3), Irma Herawati Suparto(4*)

(1) Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University
(2) Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University 2Biopharmaca Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University
(3) Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University 2Biopharmaca Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University
(4) Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University Primate Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Antidiabetic activities of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits and Annona muricata leaves through α-glucosidase inhibition have been reported. Each extract of the two medicinal plants showed weak α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The effect of synergies is expected from combining the two extracts. The purpose of this research was to investigate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the combination of ethanolic extract of P. macrocarpa fruits and A. muricata leaves and to confirm the presence of different chemical constituents of the most active individual and extracts combination by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Extracts were obtained by maceration method using 96% ethanol. Various concentration of extracts combination was analyzed based on IC50 of the enzyme inhibition of each individual extract. The result showed that α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of each extracts was concentration dependent, with IC50 values of individual extracts of P. macrocarpa fruits and A. muricata leaves were 261.34 and 428.79 μg/mL, respectively. However, the extracts combination with the highest inhibition activity (84.51±0.79%) was obtained at its IC50 of P. macrocarpa fruits and two-third IC50 concentration of A. muricata leaves. The TLC profile of the most active extract combination showed a phytochemical constituent that is also detected in the profile of each individual extract. This can be assumed as a synergistic effect due to increased phytochemical contents of the combined extract.

Keywords


α-glucosidase inhibitory, medicinal plants, combination extract, phytochemical profiling

Full Text:

PDF


References

Adewole, S., and Caxton-Martins, E. 2009. Morphological changes and hypoglycemic effects of Annona muricata linn. (annonaceae) leaf aqueous extract on pancreatic β-cells of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats. Afr. J. Biomed. Res. 9:173–187.

Adeyemi, D.O., Komolafe, O.A., Adewole, O.S., Martins, E.M., and Kehinde, A.T. 2009. Anti-hyperglycemic activities of Annona muricata (Linn). Afr. J. Traditional. Complement. Altern. Med. 6:62–69.

Ali, R.B., Atangwho, I.J., Kuar, N., Mohamed, E. H., Mohamed, A.J., Asmawi, M.Z., and Mahmud, R. 2012. Hypoglycemic and anti-hypergly-cemic study of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits pericarp. J. Med. Plants. Res. 6:1982-1990.

Gavamukulya, Y., Elella, F.A., Wamunyokoli, F., and Shemy, H.A. 2014. P hytochemical screening, anti-oxidant activity and in vitro anticancer potential of ethanolic and water leaves extracts of Annona muricata (Graviola). Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. DOI. 10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60258-3.

Harborne, J.B. 1984. Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. Chapman and hall, London New York.

Kumar, R., Arora, V., Ram, V., Bhandari, A., and Vyas, P. 2011. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of Allopolyherbal formulations in streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in rats. Int. J. Diabetes Mellit. DOI. 10.1016/j.ijdm.2011.01.005.

Kumar, S., Venkatarathanamma, V., Suneeta, K., and Kumar, B.S. 2011. Comparative In vitro screening of a-Amylase and α -Glucosidase enzyme Inhibitory studies in leaves of Annona species. J. Pharm. Res. 4:4431–4434.

Lay, M.M., Karsani, S.A., Mohajer, S., and Abd Malek, S.N. 2014. Phytochemical constituents, nutritional values, phenolics, flavonols, flavonoids, antioxidant and cytotoxicity studies on Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl fruits. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. DOI. 10.1186/1472-6882-14-152.

Qi, L.-W., Liu, E.H., Chu, C., Peng, Y.-B., Cai, H.-X., and Li, P. 2010. Anti-diabetic agents from natural products - An update from 2004 to 2009. Curr. Top. Med.Chem. 10:434–457.

Rasoanaivo, P., Wright, C.W., Willcox, M.L., and Gilbert, B. 2011. Whole plant extracts versus single compounds for the treatment of malaria: synergy and positive interactions. Malar. J. DOI. 10.1186/1475-2875-10-S1-S4.

Sancheti, S., Sancheti, S., and Yum-sung, S. 2009. Chaenomeles Sinensis : A Potent α -and β -Glucosidase Inhibitor. Am. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 4:8-11.

Sugiwati, S., Kardono, B.L., and Bintang, M. 2006. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity and hypoglycemic effect of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit pericarp extract by oral administration to rats. J. Appl. Sci. 6:2312–2316.

Sugiwati, S., Setiasih, S., and Afifah, E. 2009. Antihyperglycemic activity of the Mahkota Dewa [Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.] leaf extracts as an alpha-glucosidace inhibitor. Makara Kesehat. 13:74–78.

Suparto, I.H., Arfianti, N., Septiawati, T., Triwahyuni, W., and Iskandari, D., 2008. Ethanol extract of Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa ( Scheff ,) Boerl .) fruit with in-vitro antidiabetic activities, Proceding. Int. Semin. Chem. pp. 285–288.

Vijayameena, C., Subhashini, G., Loganayagi, M., and Ramesh, B. 2013. Original Research Article Phytochemical screening and assessment of antibacterial activity for the bioactive compounds in Annona muricata. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 2:1–8.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/tradmedj.12819

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2082 | views : 2048

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2016 Majalah Obat Tradisional

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

©Majalah Obat Tradisional (Traditional Medicine Journal)
 ISSN 2406-9086
Faculty of Pharmacy
Universitas Gadjah Mada