Pemilihan Turbin Angin Skala Kecil Berdasarkan Analisis Potensi Energi Angin Menggunakan Windographer
Abstrak
Energi angin merupakan sumber energi terbarukan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pembangkit energi listrik di pulau-pulau kecil yang tidak terkoneksi jaringan PLN. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan estimasi energi listrik yang dihasilkan oleh turbin angin skala kecil menggunakan Windographer berdasarkan analisis potensi energi angin menggunakan distribusi Weibull. Penelitian ini menganalisis pemilihan turbin angin skala kecil berdasarkan potensi energi angin dan kebutuhan energi listrik di Pulau Miangas, Sulawesi Utara. Estimasi produksi energi listrik dilakukan berdasarkan distribusi frekuensi kecepatan angin selama periode 2011-2020 dengan data kecepatan angin per jam pada ketinggian 50 m. Analisis potensi energi angin ini meliputi analisis kecepatan angin rata-rata, distribusi arah angin, distribusi Weibull, densitas daya angin rata-rata, dan estimasi produksi energi listrik per tahun. Hasil analisis dan simulasi menunjukkan bahwa Pulau Miangas memiliki kecepatan angin rata-rata tahunan 5,5 m/s dengan distribusi fekuensi kecepatan angin rata-rata 15% dan densitas daya angin rata-rata 160,9 W/m2. Potensi angin dari hasil analisis tersebut disimulasikan menggunakan turbin angin skala kecil berkapasitas 50 kW, 35 kW, dan 10 kW secara berurutan dapat menghasilkan energi listrik sebesar 98.434,49 kWh/tahun, 75.738,78 kWh/tahun, dan 15.875,48 kWh/tahun. Ditinjau dari segi keseimbangan supply-demand energi, turbin angin kapasitas 35 kW menjadi pilihan yang optimal untuk mensuplai kebutuhan energi listrik di pulau Miangas, yaitu sebesar 25.550 kWh/tahun.
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