Wheeling Cost Calculation Review
Abstract
Wheeling is a solution to the complexity of transmission network constructing problem. With the wheeling concept, a power plant owner can deliver electricity to its load without having to construct a transmission network. The owner of the power plant can utilize the transmission network belonging to other entities. The wheeling concept is an interesting thing in terms of increasing current renewable energy penetration. This is due to the construction of the transmission network, which is one of the obstacles in increasing renewable energy penetration. Fairness of wheeling costs is still one important topic. The discussion regarding wheeling costs emphasizes that the costs charged to each party involved can meet the fairness principle, which is in accordance with their respective contributions to the implementation of wheeling. Broadly speaking, research related to wheeling can be grouped into research for developing wheeling cost calculation methods and research for developing wheeling cost allocation methods. The development of the wheeling cost calculation method also includes the development of cost components that can be included in the cost calculation. This study summarizes the discussion of wheeling costs on three aspects, namely calculation methods, cost components, and cost allocation mechanisms.
References
B. Dudley, “BP Statistical Review of World Energy,” BP, London, UK, 2019.
L. Hirth, F. Ueckerdt, dan O. Edenhofer, “Integration Costs Revisited - An Economic Framework for Wind and Solar Variability,” Renew. Energy, Vol. 74, hal. 925–939, 2015.
R. Sims, P. Mercado, W. Krewitt, G. Bhuyan, D. Flynn, H. Holttinen, G. Jannuzzi, S. Khennas, Y. Liu, M. O’Malley, L.J. Nilsson, J. Ogden, K. Ogimoto, H. Outhred, Ø. Ulleberg, F. van Hulle, "Integration of Renewable Energy into Present and Future Energy Systems," dalam IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation, O. Edenhofer, R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, K. Seyboth, P. Matschoss, S. Kadner, T. Zwickel, P. Eickemeier, G. Hansen, S. Schlömer, C. von Stechow, Eds., Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2011, hal. 609–706.
T.S. Kishore dan S.K. Singal, “Analysis of Investment Issues and Transmission Schemes for Grid Integration of Remote Renewable Energy Sources,” Int. J. Renew. Energy Res., Vol. 5, No. 2, hal. 483–490, 2015.
J. Heeter, R. Vora, S. Mathur, P. Madrigal, S.K. Chatterjee, dan R. Shah, “Wheeling and Banking Strategies for Optimal Renewable Energy Deployment: International Experiences,” National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, USA, Tech. Report, hal. 1-49, 2016.
Y.R. Sood, N.P. Padhy, dan H.O. Gupta, “Wheeling of Power under Deregulated Environment of Power System: A Bibilographical Survey,” IEEE Power Eng. Rev., Vol. 22, No. 7, hal. 58, 2002.
H.M. Merril dan B.W. Erickson, “Wheeling Rates Based on Marginal Cost Theory,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 4, No. 4, hal. 1445–1451, 1989.
A. Bashian, M. Hojat, M.H. Javidi, dan H. Golmohamadi, “SecurityBased Tariff for Wheeling Contracts Considering Fair Congestion Cost Allocation,” J. Control. Autom. Electr. Syst., Vol. 25, No. 3, hal. 368–380, 2014.
K.H. Lalitha dan I.K. Kiran, “Comparison of Wheeling Cost using Power Flow Tracing Methods in Deregulated Electric Power Industry,” Int. J. Eng. Technol. Manag. Appl. Sci., Vol. 5, No. 6, hal. 861–870, 2017.
M.Y. Hassan, N.H. Radzi, M.P. Abdullah, F. Hussin, dan M.S. Majid, “Wheeling Charges Methodology for Deregulated Electricity Markets using Tracing-based Postage Stamp Methods,” Int. J. Integr. Eng., Vol. 3, No. 3, hal. 39–46, 2011.
B. Li, D.A. Robinson, dan A. Agalgaonkar, “Identifying The Wheeling Costs Associated with Solar Sharing in LV Distribution Networks in Australia using Power Flow Tracing and MW-Mile Methodology,” 2017 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2017, 2017, hal. 1–6.
A. Saxena, S.N. Pandey, dan L. Srivastava, “DC-OPF Based Allocation of Wheeling Prices for Varying Contribution of Producers and Customers,” 1st IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems, ICPEICES 2016, 2016, hal. 3–7.
M. Murali, M.S. Kumari, dan M. Sydulu, “A Comparison of Fixed Cost Based Transmission Pricing Methods,” Electr. Electron. Eng., Vol. 1, No. 1, hal. 33–41, 2012.
H. Hamada, H. Tanaka, dan R. Yokoyama, “Wheeling Charge Based on Identification of Transaction Paths in Deregulated Power Markets,” Proc. Int. Univ. Power Eng. Conf., 2009, hal. 1–5.
P. Payakkamas, A. Bangviwat, C. Menke, dan P. Trinuruk, “Price Determination of Electricity Supply in Thailand Based on Externalities, Wheeling Charges, and Losses,” Sci. Technol. Asia, Vol. 22, No. 3, hal. 49-64, 2017.
A. Bashian, T.S. Attar, M.H. Javidi, dan M. Hojat, “Determination of Tariff for Wheeling Contracts Considering Fairness Congestion Cost Allocation,” Proc. Power Energy Syst., 2011, hal. 1-6.
M.C. Caramanis, R.E. Bohn, dan F.C. Schweppe, “The Cost of Wheeling ISSN 2301 - 4156 and Optimal Wheeling Rates,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 1, No. 1, hal. 63–73, 1986.
D. Shirmohammadi, P.R. Gribik, E.T.K. Law, J.H. Malinowski, dan R.E. O’Donnell, “Evaluation of Transmission Network Capacity Use for Wheeling Transactions,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 4, No. 4, hal. 1405–1413, 1989.
Y. Xiao, X. Wang, X. Wang, dan C. Du, “Transmission Cost Allocation by Power Tracing Based Equivalent Bilateral Exchanges,” CSEE J. Power Energy Syst., Vol. 2, No. 2, hal. 1–10, 2016.
M.S.G. Smitha, P.V. Satyaramesh, dan P. Sujatha, “Usage Based Transmission Cost Allocation to Wheeling Transactions in Bilateral Markets,” J. Inst. Eng. Ser. B, Vol. 100, No. 1, hal. 23-31, 2018.
A. Enshaee, G.R. Yousefi, dan A. Ebrahimi, “Allocation of Transmission Active Losses Through a Novel Power Tracing-Based Technique,” IET Gener. Transm. Distrib., Vol. 12, No. 13, hal. 3201–3211, 2018.
J. Hörsch, M. Schäfer, S. Becker, S. Schramm, dan M. Greiner, “Flow Tracing as a Tool Set for the Analysis of Networked Large-scale Renewable Electricity Systems,” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., Vol. 96, hal. 390–397, 2018.
S.P. Zhu, “Practice and Theory for Pricing Wheeled Power,” IET Metering Appar. Tarif. Electr. Supply, Vol. 7, hal. 67–71, 1992.
H.H. Happ, “Cost of Wheeling Methodologies,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 9, No. 1, hal. 147–156, 1994.
W.J. Lee, C.H. Lin, dan L.D. Swift, “Wheeling Charge Under a Deregulated Environment,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., Vol. 37, No. 1, hal. 178–183, 2001.
Hermawan dan T. Andromeda, “Comparison of Cost Estimation Methods in Power Wheeling for Java-Bali Interconnection System,” Proc. - 2017 4th International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering, ICITACEE 2017, 2017, hal. 127–130.
C.W. Yu dan A.K. David, “Pricing Transmission Services in The Context of Industry Deregulation,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 12, No. 1, hal. 503–510, 1997.
E. Saranya dan P.L. Somasundaram, “Short Run Marginal Cost Calculation in Restructured Power System,” ICACCS 2015 - Proc. of the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems, 2015, hal. 1–5.
Y.R. Sood, N.P. Padhy, dan H.O. Gupta, “Assessment for Feasibility and Pricing of Wheeling Transactions Under Deregulated Environment of Power Industry,” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., Vol. 26, No. 3, hal. 163–171, 2004.
J. Wang dan F. Li, “LRMC Pricing Based on MW + MVAR Miles Methodology in Open Access Distribution Network,” C I R E D 19th International Conference on Electricity Distribution, 2007, Paper 0790, hal. 21–24.
C.W. Yu, “Long Run Marginal Cost Based Pricing of Interconnected System Wheeling,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., Vol. 50, No. 3, hal. 205–212, 1999.
F. Li dan D.L. Tolley, “Long-Run Incremental Cost Pricing Based on Unused Capacity,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 22, No. 4, hal. 1683–1689, 2007.
B. Kharbas, M. Fozdar, dan H. Tiwari, “Transmission Tariff Allocation sing Combined MW-Mile & Postage Stamp Methods,” 2011 IEEE PES International Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies-India, ISGT India 2011, 2011, hal. 6–11.
A. Scarfone, “Short-Circuit Simulations Help Quantify Wheeling Flow,” IEEE Comput. Appl. Power, Vol. 8, No. 2, hal. 44–47, 1995.
C.M. Kishore dan C. Venkaiah, “Implementation of Modified MW-Mile Method for Transmission Cost Allocation by Incorporation of Transmission Losses Considering Power Factor,” 2016 Natl. Power Syst. Conf., 2016, hal. 1–4.
G. Jain, K. Singh, dan D.K. Palwalia, “Transmission Wheeling Cost Evaluation Using MW-Mile Methodology,” 2012 Nirma University International Conference on Engineering (NUiCONE), 2012, hal. 1-6.
C.T. Su dan J.H. Liaw, “Power Wheeling Pricing Using Power Tracing and MVA-KM Method,” 2001 IEEE Porto Power Tech Proceedings, 2001, hal. 38–43.
Y.R. Sood, N.P. Padhy, dan H.O. Gupta, “A New Method for Allocating Embedded Cost of Transmission Under Deregulated Environment of Power System,” 2006 IEEE Power Eng. Soc. Gen. Meet., 2008, hal. 1-8.
J. Das dan S. Ashok, “Industrial Power Wheeling and Optimal Power Interchange Under Availability Based Tariff,” Proc. - 2013 3rd Int. Conf. on Advances in Computing and Communications, ICACC 2013, 2013, hal. 320–323.
M. Murali, M.S. Kumari, dan M. Sydulu, “A Comparison of Fixed Cost Based Transmission Pricing Methods,” Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2011, Vol. 1, No. 1, hal. 33–41.
S. Venkatesan dan N. Kamaraj, “Deregulated Environment IPP Selection Wheeling Transaction,” J. Electr. Eng., Vol. 13, No. 3, hal. 1–7, 2013.
A.S. Mishra, G. Agnihotri, N.P. Patidar, “Transmission and Wheeling Service Pricing: Trends in Deregulated Electricity Market,” J. Adv. Eng. Sci., Vol. 3, No. 1, hal. 1–16, 2010.
M. Fotuhi-Firuzabad, H. Gharagozloo, M.R. Haghifam, S. Member, H. Gharagozloo, dan M.R. Haghifam, “Impacts of Power Wheeling on Composite System Adequacy Enhancement,” Proc. of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Transmission and Distribution Conference, 2005, hal. 1–5.
S. Cvijic dan M. Ilic, “Area-Level Reduction of Wheeling Loop Flows in Regional Power Networks,” IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe, 2012, hal. 1–8.
Y.Z. Li dan A.K. David, “Optimal Multiarea Wheeling,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 9, No. 1, hal. 288–294, 1994.
M. Muchayi, “Wheeling Rates Evaluation Using Optimal Power Flows,” IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 1998, hal. 389–392.
T. Yong dan R. Lasseter, “Optimal Power Flow Formulation in Market of Retail Wheeling,” IEEE Power Eng. Soc. 1999 Winter Meet. (Cat. No.99CH36233), 1999, hal. 394–398.
N.P. Padhy, “Wheeling Using Evolutionary Programming Based Optimal Power Flow Algorithm,” Proc. of 5th Int. Conf. on Advances in Power System Control, Operation and Management, APSCOM-2000, 2000, hal. 144–148.
Y.R. Sood, N.P. Padhy, dan H.O. Gupta, “A New Hybrid Model for Wheeling Cost Analysis under Deregulated Environment,” IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37495), 2003, hal. 97–102.
D. Shirmohammadi, “Some Fundamental Technical Concepts about Cost Based Transmission Pricing,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 11, No. 2, hal. 1002–1008, 1996.
Z. Yang, H. Zhong, Q. Xia, C. Kang, T. Chen, dan Y. Li,, “A Structural Transmission Cost Allocation Scheme Based on Capacity Usage Identification,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 31, No. 4, hal. 2876–2884, 2016.
F. Jonard, Y. Smeers, P. Bruel, dan B. Heilbronn, “Wheeling Costs: An Economic Analysis Illustrated by Short Term and Long Term Simulation,” International Symposium on Electric Power Engineering, 1995, Vol. 27, No. 10, hal. 692-697.
J.W.J. Wang dan F.L.F. Li, “Optimal Economic Environmental Dispatch Considering Wheeling Charge,” 39th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2004, UPEC, 2004, hal. 398–401.
G.R. Yousefi, H. Seifi, “Wheeling Charges with Consideration of Consumer Load Modeling,” dalam IEEE PES, Power Systems Conference and Exposition, 2004, hal. 168–173.
D. Gang, Z.Y. Dong, W. Bai, dan X.F. Wang, “Power Flow Based Monetary Flow Method for Electricity Transmission and Wheeling Pricing,” Electr. Power Syst. Res., Vol. 74, No. 2, hal. 293–305, 2005.
Y.Z. Li dan A.K. David, “Wheeling Rates of Reactive Power Flow under Marginal Cost Pricing,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 9, No. 3, hal. 1263–1269, 1994.
R.R. Fauzi, H.R. Prima, S.P. Hadi, dan Y.S. Wijoyo, “Power Wheeling Cost Evaluation under Contingency Condition using Tracing Method,” AIP Conference Proceedings, 2016, hal. 1-6.
E.L. Silva dan S.E.C. Mesa, “Transmission Access Pricing to Wheeling Transaction: A Reliability Based Approach,” IEEE Trans. Power Systcm, Vol. 13, No. 4, hal. 1481–1486, 1998.
N.A. Mijuskovic, “Reliability Indices for Electric-Power Wheeling,” IEEE Trans. Reliab., Vol. 43, No. 2, hal. 207–209, 1994.
S. Larbwisuthisaroj dan S. Chaitusaney, “Wheeling Charge Considering Line Flow Differentiation based on Power Flow Calculation,” 2018 - 15th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTICON), 2018, hal. 293–296.
M.V.F. Pereira, B.G. Gorenstin, M.M. Fo, dan J.B. Silva, “Chronological Probabilistic Production Costing and Wheeling Calculations with Transmission Network Modeling,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 7, No. 2, hal. 885–891, 1992.
S. Nojeng, M.Y. Hassan, D.M. Said, M.P. Abdullah, dan F. Hussin, “Improving the MW-Mile Method Using the Power Factor-Based Approach for Pricing the Transmission Services,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 29, No. 5, hal. 2042–2048, 2014.
S. Sahay, N. Kumar, dan H. Joshi, “Modified MW Mile Method for Pricing the Transmission Services by Including Transmission Losses and Variation in the Load Power Factor,” Proc. - 2018 Int. Conf. on Smart Electric Drives and Power System, ICSEDPS 2018, 2018, hal. 267–271.
T. Niimura, K. Okada, R. Yokoyama, dan N. Okada, “Multiple-Impact Assessment of Wheeling and Independent Power Producers In a DeRegulated Power System,” IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 1998, hal. 89–92.
B. Liu, Y. Liu, dan T. Inaba, “A New Wheeling Price Calculation Method Considering Transmission Line Congestion and Loss Costs,” 2004 Int. Conf. on Power System Technology, PowerCon 2004, 2004, hal. 1201– 1206.
A.G. Vlachos dan P.N. Biskas, “Supporting Services for Real Time Wheeling Transactions Requests,” 2011 16th International Conference on Intelligent System Applications to Power Systems, ISAP 2011, 2011, hal. 1-6.
M. Zhou, G. Li, Y. Zheng, J. Yang, dan J. Qi, “An Integrated Approach on Allocating the Fixed Wheeling Cost of Large Consumers Considering Time-of-Use Pricing and Power Quality,” Proc. 2007 IEEE Lausanne Power Tech, 2007, Paper 616, hal. 920–925.
S. Rajasekaran dan S. Sathiyamoorthy, “Power Flow Analysis of Restructured Power Market with Wheeling Transactions for Variable Loads,” Int. J. Sci. Eng. Appl. Sci., Vol. 2, No. 9, hal. 158–167, 2016.
T. Sackey dan S.Z. Zakhary, “Power Wheeling Through the West African Interconnected System,” Sixth Int. Conf. AC DC Power Transm., 1996, No. 423, hal. 13–18.
S.P. Zhu, “Some Considerations on Transmission Services Concerning Optimizing Wheeling Parties’ Benefits,” Proc. 1995 Int. Conf. on Energy Management and Power Delivery EMPD '95, 1995, hal. 19-24.
Wahyuda, B. Santosa, dan A. Rusdiansyah, “Cost Analysis of An Electricity Supply Ehain Using Modification of Price Based Dynamic Economic Dispatch in Wheeling Transaction Scheme,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018, Vol. 337, hal. 1-7.
Y. Tsukamoto dan I. Iyoda, “Allocation of Fixed Transmission Cost to Wheeling Cooperative Game Theory,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 11, No. 2, hal. 620–629, 1996.
A.R. Abhyankar, S.A. Soman, dan S.A. Khaparde, “Optimization Approach to Real Power Tracing: An Application to Transmission Fixed Cost Allocation,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 21, No. 3, hal. 1350– 1361, 2006.
X. Gao, P. You, dan M. Wen, “Fixed Cost Allocation Based on Current Electro- magnetic Fields on Power Market,” 2018 2nd IEEE Conf. Energy Internet Energy Syst. Integr., 2018, hal. 1–4.
J.W.M. Lima, “Allocation of Transmission Fixed Charges : An Overview,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 11, No. 3, hal. 1409–1418, 1996.
Y.M. Park, J.B. Park, J.U. Lim, dan J.R. Won, “An Analytical Approach for Transaction Costs Allocation in Transmission System,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 13, No. 4, hal. 1407–1412, 1998.
J. Bialek, “Tracing The Flows of Electricity,” IEE Proc. - Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 1996, Vol. 143, No. 4, hal. 313–320.
D. Kirschen, R. Allan, dan G. Strbac, “Contributions of Individual Generators to Loads and Flows,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 12, No. 1, hal. 52–60, 1997.
W. Xi-fan, W. Xiu-li, dan J. Bin, “Power Tracing Analysis in Wheeling Costing,” Int. Conf. on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies, 2000, hal. 173–178.
B. Khan dan G. Agnihotri, “An Approach for Transmission Usage & Loss Allocation by Graph Theory,” WSEAS Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 9, hal. 44–53, 2014.
N. Yamaguchi, I. Takahashi, H. Kita, dan K. Nishiya, dan J. Hasegawa, “An Allocation of Wheeling Costs in Power Systems with FACTS Devices,” Proc. of Int. Conf. on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies, 2000, hal. 549-553.
T. Ogawa, S. Kadota, dan S. Iwamoto, “Transmission Line Loss Allocation Using Power Flow Tracing with Distribution Factors,” 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2007, hal. 1-7.
E. Telles, D.A. Lima, J. Contreras, dan N. Alguacil,, “A New Transmission Tariff Allocation Model Based on Bilevel Programming,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 32, No. 3, hal. 2204–2213, 2017.
P. Panyakaew dan P. Damrongkulkamjorn, “Optimal Loss Allocation of Multiple Wheeling Transactions in a Deregulated Power System,” Proc. of ICECE 2008 - 5th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2008, hal. 343–348.
O. Pop, S. Kilyeni, P. Andea, C. Barbulescu, dan C. Craciun, “Power Flow Tracing Method for Electricity Transmission and Wheeling Pricing,” J. Sustain. Energy, Vol. 1, No. 4, hal. 63–70, 2010.
A. Enshaee dan P. Enshaee, “New Reactive Power Flow Tracing and Loss Allocation Algorithms for Power Grids using Matrix Calculation,” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., Vol. 87, hal. 89–98, 2017.
H. Shareef, S.A. Khalid, M.W. Mustafa, dan A. Khairuddin, “Preference Comparison of AI Power Tracing Techniques for Deregulated Power Markets,” Adv. Artif. Intell., Vol. 2012, hal. 1–9, 2012.
S.H.M. Kerta, Z.A. Hamid, dan I. Musirin, “Real Power Generation Tracing for Deregulated Power System Using the Flower Pollination Algorithm Technique,” J. Theor. Appl. Inf. Technol., Vol. 81, No. 3, hal. 564–578, 2015.
A. Saxena, S.N. Pandey, dan L. Srivastava, “Genetic Algorithm based Wheeling Prices Allocation for Indian Power Utility by using MVA-Mile and MW-Mile Approaches,” Int. Conf. on Emerging Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Sustainable Energy Systems, ICETEESES 2016, 2016, hal. 60–63.
N.V.S. Rao, G.K. Rao, dan S. Sivanagaraju, “Transmission Loss Allocation with Optimal Power Flow using Gravitational Search Algorithm,” Int. J. of Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control Engineering (IJIREEICE), Vol. 2, No. 10, hal. 2117–2126, 2014.
M.S.S. Rao dan S.A. Soman, “Marginal Pricing of Transmission Services Using Min-Max Fairness Policy,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., Vol. 30, No. 2, hal. 573–584, 2015.
G.V Narayana dan G.V.S.K. Rao, “Computationally Efficient Optimal Power Flow Tracing,” Int. J. of Adv. Scientific Technologies, Engineering and Management Sciences (IJASTEMS), Vol. 3, Spec. Issue. 1, hal. 20– 28, 2017.
© Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro dan Teknologi Informasi, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1.png)
