Association of body mass index pre pregnancy with hypertension disorders of pregnancy in Bantul DIY
Abstract
Background: This research was to identify of the relationship body mass index pre pregnancy and incidence of hypertension in pregnancy in Bantul District on 2020.
Method: This research used a retrospective cohort design from secondary data online maternal cohort with SIPIA Bantul in Bantul district 2020. The inclusion criteria was pregnant women with gestational age 20 weeks who made antenatal care visits at the Bantul District Health Center who had complete register records. The exclusion criteria was pregnant women in the online cohort who were not filled in from the beginning of pregnancy (first trimester) until gestational age 20 weeks. Effect size calculated by using Relative Risk (RR) from bivariate by chi square, multivariate by binomial regression, and stratification by Mantel-Haenszel. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the total sampel was 222 pregnant women.
Results: Bivariate analysis result showed that there was body mass index pre pregnancy (RR: 1,32; CI 95%: 1,021 – 1,706; p-value: 0,03), mother age (RR: 1,33; CI 95%: 1,037 – 1,702; p-value: 0,03) , and upper arm circumference (RR: 1,41; CI 95%; 1,107 – 1,798; p-value: 0,01) have significant association with hypertension in pregnancy in Bantul District 2020. Multivariate analysis result showed that mother age and upper arm circumference were the most significant variable with hypertension in pregnancy in Bantul District 2020. Stratification analysis result showed that mother age, upper arm circumference, gestational weight gain, parity, and gravida were not related and not a confounding factors between body mass index pre pregnancy and incidence of hypertension in pregnancy in Bantul District in 2020.
Conclusion: Pregnant women with obesity can increase the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy in Bantul District 2020 and not influenced by maternal age, upper arm circumference, gestational weight gain, parity, and gravida. Improvement of educational information for pregnant women about hypertension in pregnancy can reduce the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy in Bantul District.
Keywords: Hipertension in Pregnancy, Body Mass Index, Bantul
