The Potency of Metarhizium anisopliae in Disturbing Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Growth and Development

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.71755

Ummi Maysaroh(1*), Edhi Martono(2), Tri Harjaka(3)

(1) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
(2) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
(3) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Metarhizium anisopliae is one of the most frequently used insect pathogen fungi in controlling Oryctes rhinoceros. This research aims to learn the potency of fungus M. anisopliae against O. rhinoceros larvae growth and development at the laboratory. The research methods used are T-tests comprising seven treatments and three replications. Fungi were applied in all larvae instar stages starting from the pre-molting of the first larvae instar, post-molting of the second larvae instar, active second larvae instar, pre-molting of the second larvae instar, post-molting of the third larvae instar, active third larvae instar, and pre-pupae stage which were then compared with each instar’s own control. The result indicates that fungus M. anisopliae is capable of suppressing O. rhinoceros growth and development. The fungus induced highest mortality rate of 87% to the third instar larvae and lowest mortality rate of 27% to the pre-molting of the first instar larvae. The fungus also affected the duration of larval stage. At pre-molting of the third larvae instar treated with M. anisopliae, the larval duration was 40 days compared to that of control that took 135 days. At the post-molting of the third larvae instar, the larval duration was 25 days compared to that of control that took 120 days. At the third larvae instar, the larval duration was no more than 15 days compared to that of control that reached 110 days. At pre-pupal stage, the larvae only lasted for 6 days while at control, they were able to last for 15 days. The fungus also affected the success of larva development in becoming pupae in all O. rhinoceros larval stage. The lowest success rate was found in the post-molting of the third larvae instar treated with M. anisopliae with 7% compared to its control with 100% while the highest success rate was found in the pre-molting of the first larval instar with 47% compared to its control with 93%.

Keywords


Oryctes rhinoceros; Metarhizium anisopliae; suppress; growth; development

Full Text:

PDF


References

Abidin, C. M. R. Z., Ahmad, A. H., Salim, H., & Hamid, N. H. (2014). Population Dynamics of Oryctes rhinoceros in Decomposing Oil Palm Trunks in Areas Practising Zero Burning and Partial Burning. Journal of Oil Palm Research, 26(2), 140–145. Retrieved from URL

Altinok, H. H., Altinok, M. A., & Koca, A. S. (2019). Modes of Action of Entomopathogenic Fungi. Current Trends in Natural Sciences, 8(16), 117–124. Retrieved from URL

Aw, K. M. S., & Hue, S. M. (2017). Mode of Infection of Metarhizium spp. Fungus and Their Potential as Biological Control Agents. Journal of Fungi, 3(2), 30. DOI

Bava, R., Castagna, F., Piras, C., Musolino, V., Lupia, C., Palma, E., Britti, D., & Musella, V. (2022). Entomopathogenic Fungi for Pests and Predators Control in Beekeeping. Veterinary Sciences, 9(2), 95. DOI

Bedford, G. (2018). Possibility of Evolution in Culture of the Oryctes Nudivirus of the Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Advances in Entomology, 6(1), 27–33. DOI

Bintang, A. S., Wibowo, A., & Harjaka, T. (2015). Keragaman Genetik Metarhizium anisopliae dan Virulensinya pada Larva Kumbang Badak (Oryctes rhinoceros) [Genetic Diversity of Metarhizium anisopliae and Virulence toward Larvae of Rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros)]. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Iindonesia, 19(1), 12–18. DOI

Boucias, D. G., Pendland, J. C., & Latge, J. P. (1988). Nonspecific Factors Involved in Attachment of Entomopathogenic Deuteromycetes to Host Insect Cuticle. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 54(7), 1795–1805. DOI

Chapman, R. (2013). The Insect: The Structure and Function. New York, United States: Cambridge University Press.

Cochran, W. G., & Cox, G. M. (1957). Experimental Designs (2nd ed.). New York, United States: Wiley.

Fauzana, H., Arda, F., Nelvia, Rustam, R., & Puspita, F. (2020). Test on Several Concentrations Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorokin in Palm oil Empty Fruit Bunch Compost (Metankos) to Infecting Oryctes rhinoceros Larvae. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1655, 012021. DOI

Fauzana, H., Sutikno, A., & Salbiah, D. (2018). Population Fluctuations Oryctes rhinoceros L. Beetle in Plant Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Given Mulching Oil Palm Empty Bunch. CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection, 1(1), 42–47. DOI

Lukman, A. (2009). Peran Hormon dalam Metamorfosis Serangga [Hormone Role in Insect Methamorphosis]. Biospecies, 2(1), 42–45. Retrieved from URL

Ment, D., Gindin, G., Rot, A., Soroker, V., Glazer, I., Barel, S., & Samish, M. (2010). Novel Technique for Quantifying Adhesion of Metarhizium anisopliae Conidia, to the Tick Cuticle. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 76(11), 3521–3528. DOI

Moslim, R., & Kamarudin, N. (2014). The Use of Palm Kernel Cake in the Production of Conidia and Blastospores of Metarhizium anisopliae var. major for Control of Oryctes rhinoceros. Journal of Oil Palm Research, 26(2), 133–139. Retrieved from URL

Moslim, R., Kamarudin, N., Na, A. B., Ali, S. R. A., & Wahid, M. B. (2007). Metarhizium anisopliae to Control Oryctes rhinoceros in Rotting Oil Palm Residues under Leguminous Cover Crops. Journal of Oil Palm Research, 19, 319–331.

Mulla, M. S., & Darwazeh, H. A. (1975). Activity and Longevity of Insect Growth Regulators against Mosquitoes. Journal of Economic Entomology, 68(6), 791–794. DOI

Paudel, S., Mansfield, S., Villamizar, L. F., Jackson, T. A., & Marshall, S. D. G. (2021). Can Biological Control Overcome the Threat from Newly Invasive Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle Populations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)? A Review. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 114(2), 247–256. DOI

Pradipta, A. P., Wagiman, F. X., & Witjaksono. (2020). The Potency of Collecting Larvae of Oryctes rhinoceros L. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in the Oil Palm Plantation. Agrivita: Journal of Agricultural Science, 42(1), 153–159. DOI

Santi, L., Silva, W. O. B., Pinto, A. F. M., Schrank, A., & Vainstein, M. H. (2010). Metarhizium anisopliae Host-Pathogen Interaction: Differential Immunoproteomics Reveals Proteins Involved in the Infection Process of Arthropods. Fungal Biology, 114(4), 312–319. DOI

St. Leger, R. J. (1995). The Role of Cuticle-degrading Proteases in Fungal Pathogenesis of Insects. Canadian Journal of Botany, 73(S1), 1119–1125. DOI

Sun, Y.P., & Shepard, H.H. (1947). Methods of calculating and correcting the mortality of insects. Journal of Economic Entomology, 40(5), 710–715. DOI

Velavan, V., Sivakumar, G., Rangeshwaran, R., Sundaraj, R., & Sasidijaran, T. O. (2018). Metarhizium majus and Metarhizium robertsii Show Enhanced Activity against the Coleopteran Pests Holotricha serrata and Oryctes rhinoceros. Journal of Biological Control, 31(3), 135–145. DOI

Villani, M. G., Allee, L. L., Díaz, A., & Robbins, P. S. (1999). Adaptive Strategies of Edaphic Arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology, 44(32), 233–256. DOI

Witjaksono, Wijonarko, A., Harjaka, T., Harahap, I., & Sampurno, W. B. (2015). Tekanan Metarhizium anisopliae dan Feromon terhdap Populasi dan Tingkat Kerusakan oleh Oryctes rhinoceros [Pressure of Metarhizium anisopliae and Pheromone Trap Application to the Population and Damage Caused by Oryctes rhinoceros]. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Iindonesia, 19(2), 73–79. DOI



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.71755

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2454 | views : 1329

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.  

View website statistics