* Corresponding Author
Keragaman Genetik Metarhizium anisopliae dan Virulensinya pada Larva Kumbang Badak (Oryctes rhinoceros)
https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.16015 Aisyah Surya Bintang(1*), Arif Wibowo(2), Tri Harjaka(3)
(1) Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
(2) Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
(3) Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Flora 1, Bulaksumur, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) is one of the important pests of coconut tree. One of eco-friendly control applied for this pest is by using entomopathogenic fungiMetarhizium anisopliae. There is not much information about the variability and virulence of M. anisopliae toward O. rhinoceros. M. anisopliae isolates obtained from Biological Control Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada were cultured on PDA medium.M. anisopliae isolates was isolated from O. rhinoceros larvae (MaOr), Lepidiota stigma larvae (MaLs), Brontispa longissima beetle (MaBl).O. rhinoceros beetles were obtained from Kulon Progo, DIY. This study used molecular test, and virulence test toward 3rd stadium of O. rhinoceros larvae by using dipping method. Molecular test by sequence and phylogenetic analysis, showed that MaOr was located at different group (out group) with MaLs and MaBr. On the density 107 conidium/ml MaOr and MaLs were more virulent than MaBl towards 3rd stadium of O. rhinoceros larvae.
INTISARI
Kumbang badak (Oryctes rhinoceros) merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman kelapa. Salah satu upaya pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan jamur entomopatogen, yakni Metarhizium anisopliae. Belum banyak diketahui mengenai keragaman dan juga virulensi dari M. anisopliae terhadap O. rhinoceros. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik M. anisopliae dan virulensinya pada larva kumbang badak. Isolat yang digunakan berasal dari Laboratorium Pengendalian Hayati, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada dalam bentuk kultur murni pada medium PDA. Isolat yang gunakan diisolasi dari larvaOryctes rhinoceros (MaOr), larva Lepidiota stigma (MaLs), dan kumbang Brontispa longissima (MaBl). Serangga yang diuji berasal dari daerah Kulon Progo, DIY. Pengujian secara molekuler dengan analisis sekuensing dan filogenetik, menunjukkan bahwa isolat MaOr terletak pada grup yang berbeda dengan MaLs dan MaBl berdasarkan pada urutan basa DNA. Pada kerapatan 107 konidium/ml isolat MaOr dan MaLs lebih virulen terhadap larva O. rhinoceros instar 3 dibandingkan dengan MaBl.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Anonim. 1980. Pedoman Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Kelapa. Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan Departemen Pertanian, Jakarta. 100 p. Bedford. 1980. Biology, Ecology, and Control of Palm Rhinoceros Beetles. Annual Review Entomology 25: 309−339.
Destéfano, S.H.R., S.A.L. Destéfano., & C.L. Messias. 2004. Detection Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae within Infected Sugarcane Borer Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) Using Specific Primer. Genetic Molecular Biology 27: 245−252.
Freed, S., J. Feng-Liang, & R. Shun-Xiang. 2011. Determination of Genetic Variability among the Isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae from Different Geographical Origins. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 27: 359−370.
Hidayat, T. & A. Pancoro. 2006. Sistematika dan Filogenetika Molekuler. Kursus Singkat Aplikasi Perangkat Lunak PAUP dan MrBayers untuk Penelitian Filogenetika Molekuler. Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung. 9 p.
Liu, L., R. Zhan, L. Yang, C. Liang, D. Zeng, & J. Huang. 2012. Isolation and Identification of Metarhizium anisopliae from Chillo venosatus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) cadaver. African Journal of Biotechnology 30: 1−9.
Marheni, Hasanuddin, Pinde, & W, Suziani. 2013. Uji Patogenesis Jamur Metarhizium anisopliae dan Jamur Cordyceps militaris terhadap Larva Penggerek Pucuk Kelapa Sawit (Oryctes rhinoceros) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) di Laboratorium. Jurnal Universitas Sumatera Utara 1: 32−41.
Marwoto. 1992. Masalah Pengendalian Hama Kedelai di Tingkat Petani. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pangan, Malang. 65 p.
Muraji, S. & S. Nakahara, S. 2001. Phylogenetic Relationships among Fruit Flies, Bactrocera (Diptera, Tephritidae), Based on the Mitochondrial rDNA Sequences. Insect Molecular Biology 6: 549−559.
Pattemore, J.A., J.K. Hane, A.H. Williams, B.A. Wilsom, B.J. Stodart, & G.J. Ash. 2014. The Genome Sequence of the Biocontrol Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and Comparative Genomics of Metarhizium Species. BMC Genomics Journal 15: 660−674.
Prayogo, Y., T. Wedanimbi, & Marwoto. 2005. Pemanfaatan Cendawan Entomopatogen Metarhizium anisopliae untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak Spodoptera litura pada Kedelai. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian 1: 19−26.
Rahman. 2010. Major Pests of Oil Palm. http://www.aarsb.com.my/wp-content/Publication/Newsletter/PDF/2010-Apr.pdf, diakses 7/10/14.
Subandiyah, S. 2003. Cara Kerja Ekstraksi DNA Menggunakan CTAB. Workshop dan Training Course on Molecular Detection for Plant and Environmental Protection. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 15−20 Desember 2003.
Sartono, A.N. 2014. Potensi Metarhizium anisopliae sebagai Pengendali Oryctes rhinoceros. Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. 43 p.
Tangthirasunun, N., S.Poeaim, K. Soytong, P. Sommartya, & S. Popoonsak. 2010. Variation in Morphology and Ribosomal DNA among Isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae from Thailand. Journal of Agricultural Technology 2: 317−329.
Thungrabeab, M., B. Peter, & S. Chen. 2006. Possibilities for Biocontrol of the Onion Thrips Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thys., Thripidae) Using Different Entomopathogenic Fungi from Thailand. Journal Mitteilungen der Deutsche Entomologischen Gesselchaft Basel 15: 299−304.
Untung, K. 2001. Pengantar Pengelolaan Hama Terpadu. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta. 348 p.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.16015
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 8349
| 
views : 3976
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View website statistics