* Corresponding Author
Pengendalian Hayati Penyakit Layu Bakteri Tembakau: 1. Isolasi Bakteri Antagonis
https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.12910 Triwidodo Arwiyanto(1*)
(1) Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Three hundred strains of fluorescent pseudomonad and 120 strains of Bacillus spp. were isolated from the rhizosphere of Mimosa invisa L. Fluorescent pseudomonad was isolated on King s B while Bacillus spp. were isolated on Tryptic Soy Agar medium. Each media were supplemented with 100 ppm cycloheximide to suppress fungal growth. All isolated strains were tested for their capability to suppress the growth of Pseudomonas solanacearum on appropiate media. Most of fluorescent pseudomonad inhibited the growth of the pathogen with an inhibition zone from 1 mm to 16 mm. The mechanism of growth-inhibition was bacteriostatic and some of them were bactericidal. Sixty six out of 120 strains of Bacillus spp. produced defined inhibition zones on the media. The zone of growth-inhibition varied from 2 to 14 mm and the mechanism of inhibition was bactericidal. Several strains of those two bacterial marga exhibited non-antagonistic activity toward each other.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Arwiyanto. T. 1995. Strategi Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Bakteri Tembakau Cerutu di Sumatera Secara Terpadu. Makalah disampaikan pada Ekspose Hasil Penelitian Tembakau 1995. Medan. 34 hlm.
Arwiyanto, T., Sudarmadi dan I. Hartana. 1996. Deteksi strain Pseudomonas solanacearum penghasil bakteriosin. Jumal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 2: 60-65
Broadbent, P., K.F. Baker, N. Franks and J. Holland. 1977. Effect of Bacillus spp. on increased growth of seedlings in steamed and in non-treated soil. Phytopathology 67: 1027-1034.
Claus, D. and R.C.W. Berkeley. 1984. Endospore-forming Gram-Positive Rods and Cocci. p. 1105-1139. In: P.H.A. Sneath, N.S. Mair and N.E. Sharpe (eds.), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 2. Williams & Wilkins. Baltimore.
Cook, R.J. and Baker, K.F. 1983. The Nature and Practice of Biological Control of Plant Pathogens. The APS Press. St. Paul, Minnesota. 539 pp.
Defago, G.; C.H. Berling; U. Burger; D. Haas; G. Kahr; C. Keel; C. Voistard; P. Winhner; and B. Wurthricb. 1990. Suppression of Black Root rot of Tobacco and other Root Diseases by Strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens: Potential Applicationss and Mechanisms. pp. 75-81. In: D. Homby (ed.). Biological Control of SoilBorne Plant Pathogens. CAB International. Wallingford. UK.
Fravel, D.R and RP. Larkin. 1996. Availability and Application of Biocontrol Products. Biologicaf and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases 11:1-7.
French, E.R. 1994. Strategies for Integrated Control of Bacterial Wilt of Potatoes. pp.179-198. In: Hayward, A.C. and G.L. Hartman (eds.) Bacterial Wilt, The Disease and Its Causative Agent, Pseudomonas solanacearum. CAB International UK.
Fukui, R, M.N. Schroth, M. Hendson and J.G. Hancock. 1994. Interaction between strains of pseudomonads in sugar beet spermosphere and their relationship to pericarp colonization by Pythium ultimum in soil. Phytopathology 84: 1322-1330.
Hartana, I. 1978. Budidaya tembakau cerutu I. Masa pra-Panen. Balai Penelitian Perkebunan Jember. 107 hlm.
Homma, Y.; Z. Sato; F. Hirayama; K. Kohno; H. Shirahama and T Suzui. 1989. Production of antibiotics by Pseudomonas cepacia as an agent for Biological Control of Soilborne Plant Pathogens. Soil Biol. Biochem. 21: 723- 728
Osburn, RM., J.L. Miller, E.S. Oplinger, R.S. Smith and J. Handelsman, J. 1995. Effect of Bacillus cereus UW85 on the yield of soybean at two field sites in Wisconsin. Plant Dis. 19:551-556
Moore, L.W. and G. Warren. 1979. Agrobacterium radiobacter strain 84 and biological control of crown gall. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 17: 163-179
Palleroni, N.J. 1984. Pseudomonad. p. 141-199. In: N.R. Kriland J.G. Holt (eds.), Bergey's Manual of systematic Bacteriology. Vol. I. Williams & Wilkins. Baltimore.
Semangun, H. 1995. Konsep dan Asas Dasar Pengelolaan Penyakit Tumbuhan Terpadu. Risalah Konggres Nasional XIl dan Seminar llmiah Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia. Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia. 1-24
Silo-Suh, L.A., B.J. Lethbridge, S.J. Raffel, H. He, J. Clardy and J. Handelsman, 1994. Biological Activities of Two Fungistatic Antibiotics Produced by Bacillus cereus UW85. Appl. and Environ. Microbial. 60:2023-2030
Trigalet, A., P. Frey and D. Trigalet-Demery. 1994. Biological Control of Bacterial Wilt caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum: State of the Art and Understanding. p. 225-233. In: Bacterial Wilt The Disease and its Causative Agent, Pseudomonas solanacearum. CAB International, Wallingford, UK
Tuzun, S. and Ku, J. 1991. Plant immunization: An alternative to pesticides for control of plant diseases in the greenhouse and field. FFTC Book Series:30-40
van Peer, R, G.J. Niemann and B. Schippers. 1991. Induced resistance and phytoalexin acumulation in biological control of Fusarium wilt of carnation by Pseudomonas sp. strain WCS4175. Phytopatology 81: 728- 734.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.12910
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 16256
| 
views : 7492
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 1997 Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ISSN 1410-1637 (print), ISSN 2548-4788 (online) is published by the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, in collaboration with Indonesian Entomological Society (Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia, PEI) and Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia, PFI). The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View website statistics