SURGICAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING ADAPTATION IN RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A LITERATURE REVIEW

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpki.76235

Reno Rudiman(1*), Putie Hapsari(2)

(1) Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Indonesia
(2) Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: As a global health emergency, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected all medical education and training, including surgical specialities. The number of elective surgeries dropped significantly as both an impact of the pandemic and a way of limiting the spread of the disease. There was confusion about continuing surgical education and training at the beginning of the pandemic. However, as the pandemic continued, we adapted to the new conditions and regulations. Social distancing, testing, and quarantine were promoted. The study aimed to show how surgical education and training adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide and share how we do it in Indonesia.

Methods: The authors gathered relevant literature from several publications sites, using the keywords “surgical education,” “surgical adaptation,” and “COVID-19.”

Results: In order to decrease contacts, the number of people in the operating room was reduced, clinical rounds were cancelled, and face-to-face training and lectures were moved to online platforms, namely Zoom and Google Meet. The number of residents on clinical duties was decreased to limit the transmission. They are encouraged to study using different models by themselves to keep up with the required skills. They were required to learn and then be tested or reviewed by the supervisor. The use of simulation models and online learning platforms provided by several worldwide institutions has become popular.

Conclusion: We learn that surgical education and training from the pandemic can develop into a more modern way of learning, consisting of a virtual learning strategy and simulation model. This hybrid learning of offline and online courses can aid the growth of not only the residents but also the experienced surgeon.


Keywords


surgical education; surgical training; surgical adaptation; COVID-19

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Sharma D, Bhaskar S. Addressing the Covid-19 Burden on Medical Education and Training: The Role of Telemedicine and Tele-Education During and Beyond the Pandemic. Front Public Heal. 2020;8:1–14.
  2. Sohrabi C, Alsafi Z, O’Neill N, Khan M, Kerwan A, Al-Jabir A, et al. Corrigendum to “World Health Organization declares Global Emergency: A review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)” [Int. J. Surg. 76 (2020) 71–76] (International Journal of Surgery (2020) 76 (71–76), (S1743919120301977), (10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034)). Int J Surg. 2020;77:217.
  3. WHO. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. World Heal Organ. 2021;
  4. WHO. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report. World Heal Organ. 2021;
  5. Kelly K, Hwei LRY, Octavius GS. Coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19 and impacts on medical education: a systematic review. J Community Empower Heal. 2020;3:130.
  6. Al-Jabir A, Kerwan A, Nicola M, Alsafi Z, Khan M, Sohrabi C, et al. Impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on surgical practice - Part 1. Int J Surg [Internet]. 2020;79:168–79. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.05.022
  7. Nassar AH, Zern NK, McIntyre LK, Lynge D, Smith CA, Petersen RP, et al. Emergency Restructuring of a General Surgery Residency Program During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic The University of Washington Experience. JAMA Surg. 2020;155:624–7.
  8. Das De S, Puhaindran ME, Sechachalam S, Wong KJH, Chong CW, Chin AYH. Sustaining a national surgical training programme during the COVID-19 pandemic. Bone Jt Open. 2020;1:98–102.
  9. Hintz GC, Duncan KC, Mackay EM, Scott TM, Karimuddin AA. Surgical training in the midst of a pandemic: A distributed general surgery residency program’s response to covid-19. Can J Surg. 2020;63:E346–8.
  10. Johnson J, Chung MT, Carron MA, Chan EY, Lin HS, Hotaling J. Novel changes in resident education during a pandemic: Strategies and approaches to maximize residency education and safety. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020;24:267–71.
  11. Laloo R, Giorga A, Williams A, Biyani CS, Yiasemidou M. Virtual surgical education for core surgical trainees in the Yorkshire deanery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scott Med J. 2020;65:138–43.
  12. Fong ZV, Qadan M, McKinney R, Griggs CL, Shah PC, Buyske J, et al. Practical Implications of Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 on Hospital Operations, Board Certification, and Medical Education in Surgery in the USA. J Gastrointest Surg. 2020;24:1232–6.
  13. Dedeilia A, Sotiropoulos MG, Hanrahan JG, Janga D, Dedeilias P, Sideris M. Medical and Surgical Education Challenges and Innovations in the COVID-19 Era: A Systematic Review. Vol. 34, In vivo (Athens, Greece). NLM (Medline); 2020. p. 1603–11.
  14. McKechnie T, Levin M, Zhou K, Freedman B, Palter VN, Grantcharov TP. Virtual Surgical Training During COVID-19: Operating Room Simulation Platforms Accessible From Home. Ann Surg. 2020;272:e153–4.
  15. Coe TM, Jogerst KM, Sell NM, Cassidy DJ, Eurboonyanun C, Gee D, et al. Practical Techniques to Adapt Surgical Resident Education to the COVID-19 Era. Ann Surg. 2020;272:e139–41.
  16. Hoopes S, Pham T, Lindo FM, Antosh DD. Home Surgical Skill Training Resources for Obstetrics and Gynecology Trainees during a Pandemic. Obstet Gynecol. 2020;136:56–64.
  17. Chick RC, Clifton GT, Peace KM, Propper BW, Hale DF, Alseidi AA, et al. Using Technology to Maintain the Education of Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Surg Educ [Internet]. 2020;77:729–32. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.03.018
  18. Saqib SU, Saleem O, Riaz A, Riaz Q, Zafar H. Impact of a global pandemic on surgical education and training- review, response, and reflection. J Pak Med Assoc. 2021;71:49–55.
  19. Swiatek PR, Weiner J, Alvandi BA, Johnson D, Butler B, Tjong V, et al. Evaluating the Early Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sports Surgery Fellowship Education. Cureus. 2021;13:1–11.
  20. Khan KS, Keay R, McLellan M, Mahmud S. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on core surgical training. Scott Med J. 2020;65:133–7.
  21. Daryanto B, Rahmadiani N, Amorga R, Kautsarani I, Susilo H, Persada Isma SP. Burnout syndrome among residents of different surgical specialties in a tertiary referral teaching hospital in Indonesia during COVID-19 pandemic. Clin Epidemiol Glob Heal. 2022;14:100994.
  22. Wisda Kusuma A, Danarto R, Ndraha Khairindra A. Shifting paradigm of urology residency after the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Urol Sci. 2022;33:119.
  23. Aljuboori ZS, Young CC, Srinivasan VM, Kellogg RT, Quon JL, Alshareef MA, et al. Early Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Neurosurgical Training in the United States: A Case Volume Analysis of 8 Programs. World Neurosurg. 2021;145:e202–8.
  24. Cheserem JB, Esene IN, Mahmud MR, Kalangu K, Sanoussi S, Musara A, et al. A Continental Survey on the Impact of COVID-19 on Neurosurgical Training in Africa. World Neurosurg. 2021;147:e8–15.
  25. Khalafallah AM, Jimenez AE, Lee RP, Weingart JD, Theodore N, Cohen AR, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on an Academic Neurosurgery Department: The Johns Hopkins Experience. World Neurosurg. 2020;139:e877–84.
  26. Dash C, Venkataram T, Goyal N, Chaturvedi J, Raheja A, Singla R, et al. Neurosurgery training in India during the COVID-19 pandemic: straight from the horse’s mouth. Neurosurg Focus. 2020;49:E16.
  27. Fernandes Cabral DT, Alan N, Agarwal N, Lunsford LD, Monaco EA. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Neurosurgery Residency Action Plan: An Institutional Experience from the United States. World Neurosurg. 2020;143:e172–8.
  28. Pelargos PE, Chakraborty A, Zhao YD, Smith ZA, Dunn IF, Bauer AM. An Evaluation of Neurosurgical Resident Education and Sentiment During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A North American Survey. World Neurosurg. 2020;140:e381–6.
  29. Saad H, Alawieh A, Oyesiku N, Barrow DL, Olson J. Sheltered Neurosurgery During COVID-19: The Emory Experience. World Neurosurg. 2020;144:e204–9.
  30. Swiatek PR, Weiner JA, Butler BA, McCarthy MH, Louie PK, Wolinsky J-P, et al. Assessing the Early Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Spine Surgery Fellowship Education. Clin Spine Surg A Spine Publ. 2021;34:E186–93.
  31. Wittayanakorn N, Nga VDW, Sobana M, Bahuri NFA, Baticulon RE. Impact of COVID-19 on Neurosurgical Training in Southeast Asia. World Neurosurg. 2020;144:e164–77.
  32. Jain R, Carneiro RAVD, Vasilica A-M, Chia WL, de Souza ALB, Wellington J, et al. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global neurosurgical education: a systematic review. Neurosurg Rev. 2022;45:1101–10.
  33. Nugroho SW, Pradhana I, Gunawan K. New adaptation of neurosurgical practice and residency programs during the Covid-19 pandemic and their effects on neurosurgery resident satisfaction and welfare at the National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Heliyon. 2021;7:e07757.
  34. Suryaningtyas W, Wahyuhadi J, Turchan A, Subagio EA, Parenrengi MA, Apriawan T, et al. Neurosurgery at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: experience from a Surabaya academic tertiary hospital. Neurosurg Focus. 2020;49:E5.
  35. Aziz H, James T, Remulla D, Sher L, Genyk Y, Sullivan ME, et al. Effect of COVID-19 on Surgical Training Across the United States: A National Survey of General Surgery Residents. J Surg Educ. 2021;78:431–9.
  36. Obaid O, Zimmermann J, Ares G. Surgical Residents in the Battle Against COVID-19. J Surg Educ. 2021;78:332–5.
  37. da Motta L, Pacheco L. Integrating medical and health multiprofessional residency programs: The experience in building an interprofessional curriculum for health professionals in Brazil. Educ Heal. 2014;27:83.
  38. Syamsuri DD, Askandar Tjokroprawiro B, Kurniawati EM, Utomo B, Kuswanto D. Simulation-based training using a novel Surabaya hysterectomy mannequin following video demonstration to improve abdominal hysterectomy skills of obstetrics and gynecology residents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: a pre- and post-intervention s. J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2022;19:11.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpki.76235

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 531 | views : 468

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Reno Rudiman, Putie Hapsari

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education) indexed by:

  

 JPKI Stats