Hubungan antara Efikasi Diri Ibu dengan Pola Asuh Pencegahan Masalah Perilaku pada Anak Usia Prasekolah dI Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.88741

Atikah Iffah Syakirah(1*), Lely Lusmilasari(2), Anik Rustiyaningsih(3)

(1) Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Univarsitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Keperawatan Anak dan Maternitas, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Univarsitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departemen Keperawatan Anak dan Maternitas, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Univarsitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Behavioral problems in preschool-age children can adversely affect personal abilities, academic achievement, and social relationships. Parental's factor is one of main factors that influence behavior problems, especially related to poor parenting. Appropriate parenting can prevent behavior problems in preschool children which are mainly influenced by the mother’s self-efficacy. Therefore, it is necessary to research to identify the relationship between self-efficacy of mothers and style of parenting to prevent behavior problems in children.
Objective: To identify the relationship between self-efficacy of mothers and style of parenting to prevent behavior problems in preschool children
Method: This research was conducted in April-May 2018. It used a correlational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. As a sample were 88 mothers with preschool-age children in Saptosari District, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta. Collection of the data was carried out using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Parenting Sense of Competence, and the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire-Preschool Revision. To find out each variable descriptio, univariate analysis was used, while to find out the relationship between the two variables, Pearson Correlation test and Spearman Rank were used.
Outcome: The average self-efficacy score of the respondents was 63,52 ± 6,74; Positive parenting style 51,25 ± 5,35; inconsistent 16,70 ± 3,54 and the median score of punitive parenting 8 (5-17). All of respondents tend to apply positive parenting. The bivariate analysis between self-efficacy variables and positive parenting showed p = 0,94; inconsistent p = 0,26; and punitive p = 0,31.
Conclusion: Mother's self-efficacy does not have a significant relationship with parenting style to prevent behavior problems in preschool-aged children in Saptosari District, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta.

Keywords: behavioral problems, mother’s self-efficacy, parenting, preschoolers

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Masalah perilaku dapat memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap kemampuan personal, capaian akademik, serta hubungan sosial pada anak usia prasekolah. Pola asuh orang tua yang buruk merupakan salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi terjadinya masalah perilaku pada anak, di mana hal tersebut salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh efikasi diri yang dimiliki oleh ibu. Oleh karena itu penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara efikasi diri ibu dengan pola asuh untuk mencegah masalah perilaku pada anak perlu dilakukan.
Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi hubungan efikasi diri ibu dengan pola asuh pencegahan masalah perilaku pada anak usia prasekolah.
Metode: Penelitian ini adalah analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2018. Sebagai sampel adalah 88 ibu yang memiliki anak usia prasekolah di Kecamatan Saptosari, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Parenting Sense of Competence, dan Alabama Parenting Questionnaire-Preschool Revision. Analisis univariat digunakan untuk mengetahui gambaran masing-masing variabel, sedangkan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kedua variabel digunakan analisis uji Korelasi Pearson dan Spearman Rank.
Hasil: Rata-rata skor efikasi diri responden adalah 63,52 ± 6,74; Pola asuh positive 51,25 ± 5,35; inconsistent 16,70 ± 3,54 dan skor median pola asuh punitive 8 (5-17). Seluruh responden memiliki kecenderungan penerapan pola asuh yang positive. Hasil analisis bivariat antara variabel efikasi diri dengan pola asuh positive menunjukkan nilai p = 0,94; inconsistent p = 0,26; dan punitive p = 0,31.
Kesimpulan: Efikasi diri ibu tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan pola asuh pencegahan masalah perilaku pada anak usia prasekolah di Kecamatan Saptosari Kabupaten Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta.


Keywords


anak prasekolah; efikasi diri ibu; masalah perilaku; pola asuh

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Goodman R. Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;40(11):1337–45.
  2. Kiernan KE, Huerta MC. Economic deprivation, maternal depression, parenting and children’ s cognitive and emotional development in early childhood. he Br J Sociol [Internet]. 2008;59(4).
  3. Kochanska G, Kim S. Early attachment organization with both parents and future behavior problems: from infancy to middle childhood. Child Dev. 2013;84(1):283–96.
  4. Soekartiningsih E. Hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan gangguan emosi dan perilaku pada anak usia prasekolah di TK Speak First Klaten [Thesis]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2014.
  5. Situmorang T, Nurnaningsih N, Sutomo R. Perbedaan perilaku anak prasekolah berdasarkan pola pengasuhan. sari pediatr. 2016;18(4):314-319.
  6. Fortuna F. Hubungan pola asuh otoriter dengan perilaku agresif pada remaja (S1) [Skripsi]. Jakarta: Universitas Gunadarma; 2008.
  7. Clerkin S, Marks D, Policaro K, Halperin J. psychometric properties of the alabama parenting questionnaire-preschool revision. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol [Internet]. 2007;36(1):19–28.
  8. Baumrind D. Child care practices anteceding three patterns of preschool behavior. Genetic Psychology Monographs. 1967;75(1):43–88.
  9. Kirana R. Hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan temper tantrum pada anak pra sekolah. Developmental and Clinical Psychology. 2013;2(2):50-55.
  10. Luxton D. The effects of inconsistentt parenting on the development of uncertain self-esteem and depression vulnerability [Thesis]. Kansas: University of Kansas; 2007.
  11. Braza P, Carreras R, Muñoz J, Braza F, Azurmendi A, Pascual-Sagastizábal E. Negative maternal and paternal parenting styles as predictors of children’s behavioral problems: moderating effects of the child’s sex. Journal of Child and Family Studies. 2013;24(4):847–56.
  12. Mauliyah I. Pola asuh dan jenis ape dengan agresifitas pada anak prasekolah usia 4-6 tahun. Surya. 2015;7(7):39–46.
  13. Talib J, Mohamad Z, Manat M. Effects of Parenting Style on Children Development. World J Soc Sci. 2011;1(2):14–35.
  14. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. Parenting matters: supporting parents of children ages 0-8. Washington, DC natl acad press [homepage on the internet]. c.2016. [update 2016; cited 2020]. Available from https://www.nap.edu/catalog/21868/parenting-matters-supporting-parents-of-children-ages-0-8
  15. Jackson AP, Huang CC. Parenting stress and behavior among single mothers of preschoolers: The mediating role of self-efficacy. J Soc Serv Res. 2000;26(4):29–42.
  16. Belsky J. The determinants of parenting: A Process Model. Child Dev [Internet]. 1984;55(1):83–96.
  17. Belsky J. Early human experience: A Family perspective. Dev Psychol [Internet]. 1981;17(1):3–23.
  18. Belsky J, Barends N. Personality and parenting. Handb Parent Being Becom a Parent. 2002;2(3):415–438.
  19. Jones TL, Prinz RJ. Potential roles of parental self-efficacy in parent and child adjustment: A review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2005;25(3):341–363.
  20. Walker C,E. The Handbook of Clinical Child Psychology. Canada: A. Wiley-Inter Science; 1992.
  21. Joseph MV, John J. Impact of parenting styles on child development. Glob Acad Soc J Soc Sci Insight. 2008;1(5):16–25.
  22. Hurlock E,B. Psikologi Perkembangan Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Masa. Edisi kelima. Jakarta: Erlangga. Jakarta: Erlangga; 1997.
  23. Teti D.M, Gelfand DM. Behavioral competence among mothers of infants in the first year: the mediational role of maternal self-efficacy. Child Dev. 1991;62(5):918.
  24. Dumka L, Gonzales N, Wheeler L, Millsap R. Parenting self-efficacy and parenting practices over time in Mexican American Families. J Fam Psychol. 2010;24(5):522–531.
  25. Goodman R. Psychometric Properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;40(11):1337–1345.
  26. Oktaviana M, Wimbarti S. Validasi klinik strenghts and difficulties questionnaire (sdq) sebagai instrumen skrining gangguan tingkah laku. J Psikol. 2014;41(1):101–14.
  27. Niswah, K. Analisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku anak prasekolah di Kecamatan Saptosari Kabupaten Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta [Tesis]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2018.
  28. Mangeli, Rayyani M, Cheraghi MA, Tirgari B. Exploring the challenges of adolescent mothers from their life experiences in the transition to motherhood: a qualitative study. Journal of Family & Reproductive Health. 2017;11(3):165–173.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.88741

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 548 | views : 306

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 Atikah Iffah Syakirah, Lely Lusmilasari, Anik Rustiyaningsih



Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis dan Komunitas (Clinical and Community Nursing Journal) 
collaborates with DPW PPNI DIY

Lisensi Creative Commons  

Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis dan Komunitas (Clinical and Community Nursing Journal) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.