Gambaran Dukungan Sosial Bagi Family Caregiver dalam Merawat Pasien Demensia

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.84313

Putri Utami Ayu Maninggar(1), Christantie Effendy(2), Heny Suseani Pangastuti(3*)

(1) Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departemen Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: A family caregiver requires high social support to reduce stress levels and improve welfare in treating people with dementia. Research about social support for family caregiver in treating dementia has rarely been conducted.
Objective: To describe social support for family caregiver in treating dementia patients.
Method: This research was descriptive quantitative research and cross-sectional study design. Data was collected in May 2018. The samples in this study were 53 family caregivers of dementia patients who came to the Memory Clinic of Dr. Sardjito Hospital in Yogyakarta. Sampling technique was using purposive sampling. Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ) was equipped as research instrument, while data analysis was using univariate analysis.
Results: Respondents who received social support came from primary, secondary, and tertiary sources were 44 respondents (83%). The average value of emotional-support satisfaction level reached 4,85 (± 0,59), while instrumental support was 4.79 (± 0,64), esteem support was 4,79 (± 0,77), and informational support was 4,87 (± 0,57). 
Conclusion: All forms of social support which were received by the family caregiver are close to category 5 (satisfied). Mostly, social support sources came from children, siblings, relatives, and health workers.

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Seorang family caregiver membutuhkan dukungan sosial yang tinggi dalam melakukan perawatan pada pasien demensia, untuk mengurangi tingkat stres dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan. Penelitian terkait gambaran dukungan sosial family caregiver dalam melakukan perawatan pada pasien demensia masih jarang dilakukan. 
Tujuan: Untuk menggambarkan dukungan sosial yang diterima family caregiver dalam merawat pasien demensia.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2018. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 53 orang family caregiver pasien demensia yang datang ke Klinik Memori RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ). Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat.
Hasil: Responden yang menerima dukungan sosial berasal dari sumber primer, sekunder, dan tersier, sebanyak 44 responden (83%). Rata-rata tingkat kepuasan dari dukungan emosional yang diterima responden sebesar 4,85 (± 0,59), dukungan instrumental sebesar 4,79 (± 0,64), dukungan penghargaan sebesar 4,79 (±0,77), dan dukungan informasional sebesar 4,87 (± 0,57). 
Kesimpulan: Semua bentuk dukungan sosial yang diterima family caregiver bernilai mendekati kategori 5 (puas). Mayoritas sumber dukungan sosial berasal dari anak, kakak/adik, kerabat, dan petugas kesehatan.  


Keywords


demensia; dukungan sosial; family caregiver

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.84313

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