Gambaran Pengetahuan tentang Pencegahan Kanker Serviks dengan Vaksin HPV pada Mahasiswi S1 Keperawatan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.44248

Rafita Ramdan Nurul Fuadah(1*), Wenny Artanty Nisman(2), Wiwin Lismidiati(3)

(1) Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Departemen Keperawatan Anak dan Maternitas, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Departemen Keperawatan Anak dan Maternitas, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Lack of knowledge is one of the factors that may lead to an increase risk of cervical cancer. Lack of the knowledge can also affect the attitude of a health worker to the patient. Therefore, it is important to find out the knowledge about cervical cancer prevention with HPV vaccine among undergraduate nursing students. Moreover, the research around this topic is underexplored.
Objective: To know the level of knowledge of cervical cancer prevention with HPV vaccine among undergraduate nursing students.
Method: This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The sample taken consists of 95 female students from two universities, recruited by simple random sampling and consecutive sampling. The instrument used in this study was a cervical cancer prevention knowledge questionnaire with HPV vaccine compiled by researchers. Validity test result was r >0,174 and reliability test result was 0,460. The data analisys was conducted through univariat technique.
Result: The results show that total of 49 (52%) respondents have general knowledge regarding cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine. For details per domain, most respondents had good knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors (94,7%), signs and symptoms of cervical cancer (56,8%), and causes of cervical cancer (51,6%), and HPV vaccine administration (44,2%). While in the domain of understanding and administering vaccines the majority of respondents still have less knowledge (81,1% and 55,8%).
Conclusion: Nursing undergraduate students have good knowledge about cervical cancer prevention with HPV vaccine, but knowledge on some indicators is still lacking. Knowledge about cervical cancer prevention with HPV vaccine in nursing undergraduate students still needs to be improved especially in indicators of understanding cervical cancer, causes, signs and symptoms of cervical cancer and the administration of HPV vaccine.

 

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Rendahnya pengetahuan merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab  tingginya kejadian kanker serviks. Pengetahuan yang rendah juga dapat memengaruhi sikap seorang tenaga kesehatan terhadap pasien. Sementara, penelitian terkait tingkat pengetahuan pencegahan kanker serviks dengan vaksin HPV pada mahasiswi keperawatan, masih sedikit. Oleh karena itu penelitian terkait pengetahuan pencegahan kanker serviks dengan vaksin HPV pada mahasiswi keperawatan perlu dilakukan.
Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan mahasiswi S1 Keperawatan tentang pencegahan kanker serviks dengan vaksin HPV.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Responden penelitian adalah mahasiswi di 2 universitas. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 95 mahasiswi dengan teknik pengambilan sampel simple random sampling dan consecutive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner pengetahuan yang disusun oleh peneliti dengan hasil uji validitas (r > 0,174) dan reliabilitas sebesar 0,460. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat.
Hasil: Sebanyak 49 (52%) responden mempunyai pengetahuan baik. Sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan baik terkait faktor risiko kanker serviks (94,7%), penyebab kanker serviks (51,6%), tanda dan gejala kanker serviks (56,8%) dan pemberian vaksin HPV (44,2%). Namun, responden masih memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang tentang pengertian kanker serviks dan pemberian vaksin HPV (81,1 % dan 55,8%).
Kesimpulan: Secara umum mahasiswi S1 keperawatan memiliki pengetahuan baik mengenai pencegahan kanker serviks dengan vaksin HPV, namun pada beberapa indikator pengetahuan mahasiswa masih kurang. Pengetahuan tentang pencegahan kanker serviks dengan vaksin HPV pada mahasiswi S1 Keperawatan masih perlu ditingkatkan terutama pada indikator pengertian kanker serviks, penyebab, tanda dan gejala kanker serviks dan pemberian vaksin HPV.


Keywords


kanker serviks; mahasiswa keperawatan; pengetahuan; vaksin HPV

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Cervical Cancer [Internet]. 2017. Available from: http://www.who.int./mediacentre/factsheets/fs380/en/.
  2. Yayasan Peduli Kanker Serviks Indonesia (YPKSI) [Internet]. 2011. Available from: http://www.yayasanpedulikankerserviks.org/.
  3. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Badan Litbangkes Kementerian Kesehatan RI dan Data Penduduk Sasaran, Pusdatin Kementerian Kesehatan RI [Internet]. 2013. Available from: depkes.go.id/resources/download/pusdatin/infodatin/infodatin-kanker.pdf
  4. Vaksinasi HPV Merupakan Pencegahan Primer Kanker Serviks. Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, 2007;57(5):153-158.
  5. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Kendalikan Kanker Serviks Sejak Dini dengan Imunisasi [Internet]. Available from: www.depkes.go.id.
  6. Markowitz LE, Dunne EF, Saraiya M, Chesson HW, Curtis CR, Gee J, Bocchini JAJr, Unger ER, Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: Recommendations of The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2014;63(RR-05):1-30.
  7. Sukaca BE. Cara Cerdas Menghadapi Kanker Serviks (Leher Rahim). Yogyakarta: Genius Publisher;
  8. Rachmani B, Shaluhiyah Z, Cahyo K. Sikap Remaja Perempuan terhadap Pencegahan Kanker Serviks Melalui Vaksinasi HPV di Kota Semarang. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2014;11(1):34-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.11.1.34-41
  9. Bendik M, Mayo R, Parker V. Knowledge, Perceptions, and Motivations Related to HPV Vaccination among College Women. Journal of Cancer Education. 2011;26(3):459–464.
  10. Rancangan Kurikulum Ners. 2015. Jakarta: AIPNI. Available from:https://xa.yimg.com/.../
    Final+Revisi+4+Juni+2015+Rancangan+Kurikulum+Ners.pdf    .
  11. Komalasari KW. Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Angkatan 2011 terhadap Pencegahan Leher Rahim [Skripsi]. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro;
  12. Anggraini FR. Tingkat Pengetahuan Kanker Serviks dan Pengetahuan Cara Pencegahan Kanker Serviks di Fakultas Bisnis UKWMS [Skripsi]. Surabaya: Universitas Widya Mandala Surabaya;
  13. Fridiana I. Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Sikap tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi pada Siswa Anggota Pusat Informasi dan Konseling Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja (PIK-KRR) di SMA Wilayah Bantul [Skripsi]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2016
  14. Marlow LAV, Zimet GD, McCaffery KJ, Ostini R, Waller J. Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV Vaccination: An international Comparison. Vaccine. 2012;31(5):763-769. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.083.
  15. Masik MM, Ogembo JG, Chabeda SV, Wamai RG, Mugo N. Knowledge on HPV Vaccine and Cervical Cancer Facilitates Vaccine Acceptability among School Teachers in Kitui Country, Kenya. PLoS One. 2015;10(8):e0135563. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135563.
  16. Topan A, Ozturk O, Eroglu H, Bahadir O, Harma M, Harma MI. Knowledge Level of Working Student Nurses on Cervical Cancer and Human Papilloma Virus Vaccinees. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2015;16(6):2515-9.
  17. Wang KL. Human Papillomavirus and Vaccination in Cervical Cancer. Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2001;46(4):352-356. Doi: 10.1016/S1028-4559(08)60004-2.
  18. Makwe CC, Anorlu RI. Knowledge and Attitude Toward Human Papillomavirus Infection and Vaccines among Female Nurses at A Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria. Int J Womens Health. 2011;3:313–7.
  19. Uzunlar O, Ozyer S, Baser E, Togrul C, Karaca M, Gubngor TAA. Survey on Human Papillomavirus Awareness and Acceptance of Vaccination among Nursing Students in A Tertiary Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. 2013;31(17):2191-2195. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.01.033.
  20. Medeiros R, Ramada D. Knowledge Different Between Male and Female University Student about Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Servical Cancer: Implication for Health Strategies and Vaccination. 2011;29(2):153-160. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.10.068
  21. Sulistiowati E, Sirait Pengetahuan tentang Faktor Risiko, Perilaku dan Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks dengan Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA) pada Wanita di Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, Kota Bogor. Penelitian Kesehatan. 2014;3(42):193-202.
  22. Dethan CM, Suariyani NLP. Pengetahuan dan Sikap tentang Perilaku Vaksinasi HPV pada Siswi SMA Swasta. JURNAL MKMI. 2017;13(2):167-175.
  23. Dany M, Chidiac A, Nasar AN. Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: Assesing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Interventions of College Female Students in Lebanon, A Developing Country. Vaccine. 2015; 33(8):1001-1007. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.01.009.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.44248

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 2539 | views : 2588

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Rafita Ramdan Nurul Fuadah, Wenny Artanty Nisman, Wiwin Lismidiati



Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis dan Komunitas (Clinical and Community Nursing Journal) 
collaborates with DPW PPNI DIY

Lisensi Creative Commons  

Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis dan Komunitas (Clinical and Community Nursing Journal) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.