Pengaruh Edukasi terhadap Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Obat pada Penderita TB di Karanganyar

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.104297

Giovanni Iga Firmanda(1*), Wahyu Nur Pratiwi(2), Rita Dewi Sunarno(3), Aries Wahyuningsih(4)

(1) Prodi Keperawatan, Fakultas Kesehatan, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri
(2) Prodi Keperawatan, Fakultas Kesehatan, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri
(3) Prodi Keperawatan, Fakultas Kesehatan, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri
(4) Program Studi Administrasi Rumah Sakit, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Rumah Sakit Baptis Kediri
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Introduction: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is one of infectious diseases which remains as significant health issue in communities. The increasing cases of TB are often caused by medication non-adherence.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of educational intervention toward medication knowledge and adherence among TB patients in Karanganyar.
Method: This study was pre-experimental research with a One Group Pretest-Posttest design involving 30 TB patients as respondents, which were selected using purposive sampling. The respondents were provided with education in the form of direct counseling on TB disease, the importance of medication adherence, and the consequences of non-adherence behavior. The education was conducted in one group session lasting 30-45 minutes, where all participants engaged together in the session. Data were collected through questionnaires measuring medication knowledge and adherence before and after the education. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test to compare the knowledge and adherence scores before and after the intervention.
Results: The results showed a significant increase in the knowledge score and adherence of respondents’ treatment after education. The average knowledge score before education increased from 6,53 to 7,93 points. Likewise, the average adherence score before education increased from 8,97 to 17,27. The paired t-test obtained a p-value of 0,000 for both variables.
Conclusion: Direct health education significantly improves the knowledge and treatment adherence of TB patients.

INTISARI

Latar belakang: Penyakit menular menjadi masalah kesehatan yang signifikan di masyarakat dan Tuberkulosis Paru (TB) menjadi salah satu penyakit menular yang paling mengkhawatirkan. Peningkatan jumlah kasus TB sering kali disebabkan oleh ketidakpatuhan terhadap pengobatan.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dampak edukasi terhadap pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien TB di Karanganyar.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pra-eksperimental dengan desain One Group Pretest-Posttest dan melibatkan 30 pasien TB yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Responden diberikan edukasi dalam bentuk penyuluhan langsung mengenai penyakit TB, pentingnya kepatuhan pengobatan, dan dampak ketidakpatuhan. Edukasi dilakukan dalam satu sesi kelompok dengan durasi 30-45 menit, semua responden berpartisipasi secara bersama-sama dalam sesi yang dilaksanakan di balai desa. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang mengukur pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pengobatan pasien TB sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan edukasi. Analisis uji statistik menggunakan paired t-test untuk membandingkan skor pengetahuan dan kepatuhan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada skor pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pengobatan pasien TBC setelah pemberian edukasi. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan sebelum diberikan edukasi dari angka 6,53 meningkat menjadi 7,93. Demikian halnya dengan rata-rata skor kepatuhan sebelum diberikan edukasi adalah 8,97 meningkat menjadi 17,27 setelah diberikan edukasi. Hasil uji paired t test diperoleh nilai p = 0,000 untuk kedua variabel.
Simpulan: Edukasi yang diberikan dengan penyuluhan secara langsung terbukti dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien TB secara signifikan.


Keywords


edukasi; kepatuhan pengobatan; pengetahuan; tuberkulosis paru

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.104297

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