Status mineral dan hormon tiroid pada penderita hipotiroidisme

https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.39334

Pramudji Hastuti(1*), Untung Supriadi Widodo(2), Rony Oktarizal(3), Andika Laksamana Kurniadi(4), Khoirul Anwar(5), Auladi Ahmad Ridho Siregar(6)

(1) Departemen Biokimia Fakultas Kedokteran, Pengabdian Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Balai Pengobatan Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Iodium (GAKI), Magelang, Indonesia
(3) Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(4) Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(5) Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(6) Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


ABSTRAK Rendahnya kadar hormon tiroid dalam sirkulasi mengakibatkan hipotiroidisme klinis dan menyebabkan berbagai proses metabolik turun. Untuk mempertahankan  sintesis hormon tiroid dan pelepasannya memerlukan suplai beberapa mineral yang adekuat. Penelitian ini, menentukan kadar mineral Zn, Cu, Fe dan Se dalam serum anak yang menderita hipotiroidisme dibandingkan kontrol. Penelitian ini melibatkan sebanyak 23 anak yang terdiri dari 11 subjek yang mengalami hipotiroidisme dan 12 pasien normotiroid sebagai kontrol. Kadar Zn, Cu, Fe dan Se serum ditentukan dengan spektrofotometer absorpsi atom. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji t (nilai p < 0,05 dianggap bermakna), kemudian odds ratio ditentukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antarvariabel. Kadar mineral yang diperiksa tidak berbeda bermakna (p > 0,05) antara penderita hipotiroidisme dengan kontrol. Rendahnya kadar Zn dan Se merupakan faktor risiko tingginya kadar thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) sebagai penanda terjadinya hipotiroidisme. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa rendahnya kadar beberapa mineral terutama Zn dan Se merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya hipotiroidisme. Karena kadar TSH dalam serum tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kadar mineral dalam tubuh, perlu dilakukan studi lebih lanjut dalam skala yang lebih besar dengan pengukuran faktor perancu lain.

KATA KUNCI status mineral; hormon tiroid; hipotiroidisme

 

ABSTRACT Low level of circulating thyroid hormone results in clinical hypothyroidism and causes many metabolic processes to slow down. To maintain thyroid hormone synthesis and release, an adequate supply of trace elements is required. In this study, serum content of the trace elements, namely Zn, Cu, Fe, and Se in hypothyroidism patients was determined and compared to that in control subjects. Twenty three subjects consist of 11 hypothyroid patients and 12 normotiroid children as controls participated in this study. Serum Zn, Cu, Fe and Se level were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. T test was used for analysis and p value < 0.05 considered significant. Odds ratio was determined to study the relationship between variables. Serum mineral level in hypothyroid patients were not significantly different
(p > 0.05) from the level in control subjects. Low level of Zn and Se were risk factor for high level of TSH as marker of hypothyroidism. It can be concluded that the low level of trace elements especially Zn and Se were risk factor of the hypothyroidism. Because TSH serum level is not only influenced by the level of trace elements, further study is needed to analyze other influencing factors in larger population.

KEYWORDS mineral status; thyroid hormone; hypothyroidism


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.39334

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