Penguatan Perilaku Alternatif dengan Token Ekonomi untuk Menurunkan Perilaku Makan yang Menyimpang: Sebuah Studi Kasus pada Anak Jalanan

Smita Dinakaramani; Sofia Retnowati

doi:10.22146/gamajpp.95294

Penguatan Perilaku Alternatif dengan Token Ekonomi untuk Menurunkan Perilaku Makan yang Menyimpang: Sebuah Studi Kasus pada Anak Jalanan

Smita Dinakaramani, Sofia Retnowati

(Submitted 2 April 2024)

(Published 31 May 2024)

Abstract

Anak-anak gelandangan tidak jarang mengalami berbagai macam permasalahan, salah satunya adalah permasalahan dengan perilaku makan. Perilaku memakan makanan dari tempat sampah merupakan permasalahan perilaku makan jarang dijumpai pada anak-anak kebanyakan, namun rentan terjadi pada anak-anak jalanan. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan suatu intervensi untuk mengurangi permasalahan tersebut. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) atau penguatan diferensial terhadap perilaku alternatif dengan token ekonomi untuk menurunkan permasalahan perilaku makan. Asesmen dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan tes psikologi, sedangkan intervensi dilakukan selama sembilan sesi. Hasil dari intervensi menunjukkan penurunan perilaku mengambil makan dari tempat sampah. Selain mengganti perilaku lama menjadi perilaku yang lebih adaptif, peran perhatian dari orang dewasa di sekitarnya menjadi salah satu kontributor utama dalam efektivitas intervensi.

Keywords

perilaku makan; DRA; token ekonomi; terapi perilaku; studi kasus

Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.22146/gamajpp.95294

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