Pencitraan Otak Dengan Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dalam Riset Psikologi Menggunakan Tract Based Spatial Statistics
Abstract
White matter otak memainkan peran sentral dalam menjembatani komunikasi antar bagian otak, yang secara langsung berkontribusi pada berbagai fungsi kognitif dan perilaku. Dalam konteks penelitian psikologi, perhatian terhadap struktur dan integritas white matter meningkat seiring dengan ditemukannya hubungan antara konektivitas saraf dan performa kognitif. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), sebagai salah satu teknik pencitraan berbasis Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) yang bersifat non-invasif, memungkinkan peneliti mengeksplorasi struktur white matter secara lebih rinci melalui parameter seperti fraksi anisotropi (FA). Salah satu metode analisis data DTI yang banyak digunakan adalah Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), yang memungkinkan perbandingan spasial antar individu secara sistematis dan objektif. Meskipun DTI dan TBSS telah banyak diaplikasikan dalam studi psikologi di tingkat global, literatur berbahasa Indonesia yang membahas penerapan teknik ini dalam riset psikologi masih sangat terbatas. Artikel ini bertujuan mengisi kekosongan tersebut dengan memberikan tinjauan konseptual mengenai prinsip dasar MRI dan DTI, perbedaan DTI dari MRI konvensional, serta peran TBSS dalam menganalisis data DTI untuk memahami fenomena psikologis yang berkaitan dengan integritas white matter.
Keywords
DOI: 10.22146/buletinpsikologi.101634
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