Low level of plasma VEGF-A and C allele of -2578*C/A polymorphism in the VEGF-A gene are risk factors of diabetic foot ulcer in Javanese ethnic

https://doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005302202106

Ika Rahayu(1*), Hemi Sinorita(2), Kris Herawan Timotius(3), Ahmad Hamim Sadewa(4)

(1) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana, Jakarta/Research Center for Jamu and Herbal Medicine, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana, Jakarta
(2) Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada / Dr.Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta
(3) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana, Jakarta/Research Center for Jamu and Herbal Medicine, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana, Jakarta
(4) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Diabetes mellitus (DM) is caused by abnormal insulin secretion, impaired
insulin action, or both. Approximately 12-25% of type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM) patients will develop diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF) is a group of platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF)
which have a potential role in angiogenesis. Low levels of VEGF-A can cause
insufficient angiogenesis leading to wound healing inhibition. The 2578*C/A
polymorphism of VEGF-A gene has been reported as a candidate marker
for the DFU development. However, the variant role in the development of
DFU in Javanese ethnic needs to be clarified. This study was conducted to
compare VEGF-A levels and the -2578*C/A polymorphism of the VEGF gene
among diabetic patients with and without DFU in Javanese ethnic. In this
case-control study, the T2DM individuals with DFU as case group (n=19) and
without DFU as control group (n=41) were recruited. The VEGF-A levelswere
determined by ELISA. The ARMS-PCR technique was applied to investigate the
presence of -2578*C/A polymorphism of the VEGF gene. Data were analyzed
with independent t, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Kruskal-Wallis tests with
significance level of p<0.05. The median of plasma VEGF-A level was significantly
different between case and control groups (p=0.001). The genotype frequency
of -2578*C/A polymorphism of VEGF gene was no difference between case and
control groups. However, individuals with C allele have a higher risk factor to
develop DFU than A allele (CC+CA vs AA;p=0.042; OR=2.5). The plasma VEGF-A
levels were lower in T2DM subjects with DFU than those without DFU. In
conclusion,individuals with C allele of -2578*C/A polymorphism of VEGF gene
are more susceptible to have DFU than individuals with A allele in Javanese
ethnic with T2DM.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005302202106

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