Effects of resistant starch of mixed tubers snacks on glucose metabolism, leptin, visceral fat and body mass index in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Abstract

Abstract

Resistant starch could lower blood glucose, decrease adipocyte in adipose tissue and affect satiety hormones such as leptin. Tubers and pumpkin have high content of resistant starch, but their effectiveness to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been known clearly.  This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of snack consumption made from tubers and pumpkins to BMI, visceral fat,glucose and leptin levels in the blood of T2DM patients and the correlation between the variables. The research method used was pre-post clinical trial with 16 T2DM subjects in treatment (RS) and control groups. Subjects in RS group consume snack twice daily for 4 weeks then after wash out for 4 weeks, the same subjects to be the subjects control. Paired T-test or Wilcoxon-test was used to analyze the differences between values before and after treatment in the group and between groups. Pearson test was used to analyze the correlation of BMI, visceral fat, glucose and leptin level. Result : The visceral fat was increase in RS group (P=0.04) after 4 weeks consuming snack but decrease in control group (P=0.04) without significant change of BMI. leptin level was decreased (P=0.00) in RS group. Blood glucose decreased significantly (P=0.01) and leptin level increased slightly in control group. Comparing the RS and control group at the end of study, the variation of visceral fat in the female groups (P=0.05) and leptin differed significantly (P=0.05). Visceral fat correlated with BMI in the RS  and control group. Conclusion : the mixed tubers and pumpkin snack decreased the leptin level but increased visceral fat. It might be caused by the resistant starch in snack, as they improve the sensitivity of insulin, decrease subcutan adipose tissue and increase the visceral fat. Subcutan adipose tissue secreted more leptin than visceral fat.