Ratni Indrawanti * Corresponding Author Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing/Dr. Sardjito General
Hospital,
Mahardika Wijayanti Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing
Mochamad Hakimi Department of Obstetric and Genecology, Faculty of Medicine, Publlic Health and Nursing/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,
Mohammad Juffrie Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing/Dr. Sardjito General
Hospital,
Enny Kenangalem Papua Community and Health Development Foundation, Jayapura,
Faustina Helena Burdam Papua Community and Health Development Foundation, Jayapura,
Leily Triyanti Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta,
Rintis Noviyanti Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta,
Din Syafruddin Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta,
Rukhsana Ahmed Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK,
Feiko ter Kuile Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK,
Jeanne Rini Poespoprojo Mimika District Hospital, Timika, Papua
Ratni Indrawanti(1*), Mahardika Wijayanti(2), Mochamad Hakimi(3), Mohammad Juffrie(4), Enny Kenangalem(5), Faustina Helena Burdam(6), Leily Triyanti(7), Rintis Noviyanti(8), Din Syafruddin(9), Rukhsana Ahmed(10), Feiko ter Kuile(11), Jeanne Rini Poespoprojo(12)
(1) Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing/Dr. Sardjito General
Hospital, (2) Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing (3) Department of Obstetric and Genecology, Faculty of Medicine, Publlic Health and Nursing/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, (4) Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing/Dr. Sardjito General
Hospital, (5) Papua Community and Health Development Foundation, Jayapura, (6) Papua Community and Health Development Foundation, Jayapura, (7) Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, (8) Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, (9) Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, (10) Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK, (11) Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK, (12) Mimika District Hospital, Timika, Papua (*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Malaria infection during pregnancy is a significant global health problem with substantial risks for pregnant women, her foetus, and the newborn child. Infant malaria is a major public health concern in Timika, Papua. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of malaria during pregnancy on infant’s susceptibility to malaria infections, the timing of its occurrence, the number of malaria infections during pregnancy. This was a cohort prospective study conducted in Timika, Papua from October 2013 to September 2016. Malaria investigation was done by microscopic and PCR methods. Demographic data and malaria status of mother-infant pairs were collected and analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. One hundred seventy-eight infants consisting of 95 (53.37%) infants born to mothers with malaria and 83 (46.63%) without malaria 91 (51.12%) boys and 87 (48.88%) girls were involved in the study. The mean of mothers’ ages were 25.35 ± 6.30 vs. 26.0 ± 5.69 years. At the ages of 6 and 12 months, infants born to malaria positive mothers were more susceptible to malaria infections compared to infants born to malaria negative mothers with RR = 3.49; 95%CI: 1.02-11.96; p = 0.03 and RR = 8.74; 95%CI: 1.14- 66.81; p = 0.01, respectively. Independent risk factors of infant susceptibility to malaria infection during the first year of life were malaria in pregnancy (MiP) in 2nd trimester (RR = 4.50; 95%CI: 1.5-13.49; p = 0.07), pregnant women who only got malaria infection 1 time during pregnancy (RR=2.95; 95%CI: 1.04-8.33; p = 0.04), and Papuan ethnicity (RR=3.58; 95%CI: 1.22-10.59; p = 0.02). In conclusion, infant susceptibility to malaria is associated with maternal malaria status during pregnancy. MiP in second trimester, pregnant women who only had malaria once and Papuan ethnicity were independent risk factors for infant’s increased susceptibility to malaria infection.